Does the silastic eustachian tube prosthesis improve eustachian tube function?

This clinical study attempts to evaluate the effectiveness of Eustachian tube function in 30 ears, 11–29 months after insertion of the Silastic® Eustachian tube prosthesis (SETP). Indications for the SETP were limited to persistent Eustachian tube dysfunction. Preoperatively, 13 patients had intact tympanic membranes with persistent serous otitis media. Seventeen patients underwent tympanoplasty and demonstrated persistent serous otitis media in the opposite ear. Postoperatively, aeration of the middle ear was evaluated by tympanometry, microscopic examination, and myringostomy. Microphotographs demonstrate the state of the middle ear. Histology of the middle ear mucosa was obtained in a few cases. Ninety-six percent of the ears with an SETP demonstrated confirmed persistent Eustachian tube dysfunction beginning an average of six months after insertion. Complications were common.     

<Emphasis Type="Italic">SMN1</Emphasis>dosage analysis in spinal muscular atrophy from India

Background  

Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) represents the second most common fatal autosomal recessive disorder after cystic fibrosis. Due to the high carrier frequency, the burden of this genetic disorder is very heavy in developing countries like India. As there is no cure or effective treatment, genetic counseling becomes very important in disease management. SMN1 dosage analysis results can be utilized for identifying carriers before offering prenatal diagnosis in the context of genetic counseling.     

Progesterone stimulates p42 extracellular signal-regulated kinase (p42erk) in human spermatozoa

Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK), also known as extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs) are cytoplasmic and nuclear serine/threonine kinases involved in signal transduction of several extracellular effectors. Recently, we have demonstrated that ERKs are present in spermatozoa and are involved in the regulation of the process of capacitation. We report here the effect of progesterone, a well-known inducer of the acrosome reaction in mammalian spermatozoa, on the immunolocalization, phosphorylation and activity of ERKs in capacitated human spermatozoa. We demonstrated that short-term incubation of spermatozoa with progesterone induces phosphorylation and activation of ERKs, resulting in redistribution of the proteins from the post-acrosomal region to the equatorial segment within the sperm head. To investigate the role of ERKs on the biological effects of progesterone, we used the MAPK cascade inhibitor PD098059, which strongly inhibited progesterone-induced activation of ERK-2. This compound did not inhibit progesterone-induced acrosome reaction, although it prevented redistribution of the enzyme to the equatorial region of the sperm head. These results suggest that the two processes, although temporally related, are independent. In conclusion, we provide new insight into the signal transduction pathways involved in the non- genomic action of progesterone in spermatozoa and suggest a possible involvement of ERKs in the process of fertilization.      

组织工程注射骨的体外实验研究

目的 :探索骨髓间充质细胞在纤维胶内体外成骨的可行性。方法 :5× 10 6～ 10× 10 6细胞 /毫升的骨髓间充质细胞植入前行细胞活力测定 ;植入纤维胶 ,体外培养 60 d后进行组织学、免疫组织化学分析。结果 :细胞在纤维胶内产生大量的特异性 型胶原 ,并有大量的钙质沉着。结论 :骨髓间充质细胞在纤维胶内可在体外培养的环境下生成大量的骨基质。     

补中益气汤对环磷酰胺致骨质疏松小鼠骨生物力学的影响

目的:观察环磷酰胺对小鼠骨生物力学的影响,观察补中益气汤和葡萄糖酸钙对环磷酰胺造成的小鼠骨质疏松的防治作用。方法:实验于2005-10/2006-01在广东医学院药理教研室完成。选取昆明种小鼠40只,体质量(20±2)g,雌雄各半,按体质量对等原则随机分为4组,正常对照组、环磷酰胺模型组、环磷酰胺合用补中益气汤组、环磷酰胺合用葡萄糖酸钙组,每组10只。补中益气汤的制备:称取炙黄芪200g,党参60g,炙甘草100g,白术60g,当归60g,升麻60g,柴胡60g,陈皮60g,切碎,加水煎煮2次,滤过,滤液浓缩至1700mL,冰箱保存备用。正常对照组灌胃给予生理盐水10mL/(kg·d),环磷酰胺模型组灌胃给予环磷酰胺20mg/(kg·d);环磷酰胺合用补中益气汤组灌胃给予环磷酰胺20mg/(kg·d)的同时灌胃给予补中益气汤20mL/(kg·d);环磷酰胺合用葡萄糖酸钙组灌胃给予环磷酰胺20mg/(kg·d)的同时灌胃给予葡萄糖酸钙0.5mg/(kg·d)。均自由饮水和进食标准饲料。于实验第30天称质量后,处死动物,取肝脏、脾脏、胸腺称质量,根据动物体质量计算器官指数,同时取右侧股骨供骨生物力学测定用。结果:40只小鼠均进入结果分析。与正常对照组比较,环磷酰胺模型组骨生物力学指标最大载荷、弹性载荷、刚度系数均减少[(12.11±2.06)N,(8.15±2.57)N,(45.89±6.33)N/mm;(14.98±1.54)N,(10.17±1.17)N,(56.34±9.49)N/mm,P<0.05,P<0.01]。与环磷酰胺模型组比较,环磷酰胺合用补中益气汤组、环磷酰胺合用葡萄糖酸钙组生物力学指标最大载荷、刚度系数增高[环磷酰胺模型组:(12.11±2.06)N,(45.89±6.33)N/mm;环磷酰胺合用补中益气汤组:(15.52±2.67)N,(57.68±11.19)N/mm;环磷酰胺合用葡萄糖酸钙组:(17.10±2.96)N,(63.69±11.11)N/mm,P<0.05,P<0.01]。与环磷酰胺合用葡萄糖酸钙组比较,环磷酰胺合用补中益气组表现为各生物力学指标与环磷酰胺合用葡萄糖酸钙组相似,差异无显著性意义。结论:环磷酰胺能使小鼠骨结构性质和材料性质下降,补中益气汤和葡萄糖酸钙均能对抗环磷酰胺导致的骨质量下降,预防骨质疏松。     

出生后5年内环境和饮食干预不能降低哮喘和过敏性疾病发病风险

问题：在出生后的最初5年，减少房屋尘螨（HDM）变应原暴露并改变饮食中脂肪酸构成是否可以降低5岁时发生哮喘的风险？     

Revision stapedectomy

During the past decade, the evolution of surgical techniques and philosophy for revision surgery after stapedectomy has accelerated. Lasers, new surgical techniques, and new prostheses now permit the precise identification and reliable correction of the conductive problem, while reducing the risk of postoperative sensorineural hearing loss that plagued nonlaser revision techniques.