Further confirmation of second- and third-generation Eimeria necatrix merozoite DEGs using suppression subtractive hybridization

Parasitology Research - In our previous study, we obtained a large number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between second-generation merozoites (MZ-2) and third-generation merozoites (MZ-3)...     

Aspiration cytology of extramammary tumors metastatic to the breast.

This study was carried out to examine the cytomorphologic features of metastatic breast tumors and to assess the utility of fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) in diagnosing these tumors. The study group comprised five females and one male, all presenting with a breast mass. Their ages ranged between 35 and 65 years. FNAC of the breast mass was done in all cases. Three of the cases were previously diagnosed as squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the cervix, mucinous cystadenocarcinoma (MCA) of the ovary, and melanoma. Three cases presented initially with a breast mass. These included melanoma, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), and plasmacytoma. The diagnosis of NHL was confirmed on histology. The patient with plasmacytoma presented primarily with a breast lump but subsequently developed multiple myeloma, and in one case of melanoma the primary tumor was detected after breast metastases. Preoperative FNAC of extramammary tumors metastatic to the breast is invaluable because the management of the patient differs entirely from that of a primary neoplasm. An accurate diagnosis can be made with the help of clinical and radiological correlation. If available, a perusal of previous history and biopsy material may prove useful.     

儿童支气管哮喘急性发作临床特征及其年龄差异分析

目的 探讨儿童支气管哮喘急性发作及不同年龄发作的特点,以预防及控制其发作。方法 收集2013年1月~2015年12月笔者医院哮喘急性发作住院患儿395例,分成<5岁组和≥5岁组两组,对患儿的一般资料、流行病学、诱发因素、呼吸道感染及病原谱、过敏原、并发症进行比较分析。结果 入组病例平均年龄4.25±2.51岁,男女性别比例为2.06：1,住院高峰季节为秋季,合并呼吸道感染367例（92.91%）,入院前已确诊哮喘113例（28.61%）,长期规范治疗随访31例（7.85%）。与≥岁组比较,<5岁组易合并呼吸道感染（χ²=9.856,P=0.007）,且更易合并肺炎（χ²=9.846,P=0.002）。<5岁组呼吸道合胞病毒检出率明显增高（χ²=10.870,P=0.001）,但支原体感染检出率两组之间比较,差异无统计学意义（χ²=3.090,P=0.079）。并且<5岁组住院前诊断哮喘率（χ²=16.742,P=0.000）、长期规范治疗随访率（χ²=12.948,P=0.000）均明显低于≥5岁组。结论 呼吸道感染、未早期规范诊治是儿童支气管哮喘急性发作主要诱因。<5岁幼儿哮喘急性发作更易并发呼吸道感染,易合并肺炎及呼吸合胞病毒感染,并且住院前诊断率及长期规范治疗依从性均较低。     

Different disease rates in two populations: how much is due to differences in risk factors?

Two populations with different disease rates may differ in their risk factors for the disease. If so, it is desirable to know what proportion of the disease excess in the high-risk population is attributable to its greater exposure to the risk factors. This proportion has been called the relative attributable risk (RAR). A related measure is the adjusted relative risk (ARR), defined as the ratio of rates in high-risk to low-risk populations that would be observed if the distribution of risk factors in the high-risk population equalled that of the low-risk population. We present methods for obtaining consistent estimates and asymptotic confidence intervals for both the RAR and the ARR using data from case-control studies in the two populations. The methods are applied to the problem of estimating the differences in ovarian cancer incidence between U.S. white women (high-risk) and U.S. black women (low-risk) attributable to differences in reproductive risk factors. Simulations show that the methods perform well; however, when the true RAR is close to 0 or 1 or when sample sizes are small, RAR estimates may fall outside the unit interval. We discuss circumstances when the true RAR lies outside the unit interval; in such circumstances the ARR is easier to interpret. © 1997 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

丹参多酚酸盐联合尼可地尔治疗老年冠心病不稳定型心绞痛的效果及对血栓前状态、炎症反应的影响

目的 探讨丹参多酚酸盐联合尼可地尔治疗老年冠心病不稳定型心绞痛(UAP)的效果及对血栓前状态、炎症反应的影响.方法 选取2018年9月至2019年10月我院接收的65例老年冠心病UAP患者作为研究对象,按照治疗方案将其分为对照组(32例)与观察组(33例).对照组给予常规对症治疗+尼可地尔,观察组在对照组基础上给予丹参...     

阿司匹林联合丹红注射液治疗老年冠心病不稳定型心绞痛的效果及对患者凝血功能、心电图指标的影响

目的 探讨阿司匹林联合丹红注射液治疗老年冠心病不稳定型心绞痛的效果.方法 选取2018年12月至2019年12月收治的63例老年冠心病不稳定型心绞痛患者作为研究对象,按照治疗方式不同将其分为对照组(31例)和观察组(32例).对照组采用包括阿司匹林在内的常规治疗方案,观察组在对照组基础上联合丹红注射液进行治疗.比较两组...     

青少年肥胖症代谢手术后3年效应观察与分析

目的探究青少年肥胖症病人接受减重代谢手术后中期效益及影响。 方法回顾性分析2014年11月至2015年10月于长春嘉和外科医院接受减重代谢手术的16例青少年肥胖症患者（13~21岁）的临床资料,对他们术前及术后3年间的体重、体质量指数（BMI）、甘油三酯（TC）、高密度脂蛋白（HDL）及低密度脂蛋白（LDL）进行统计分析。 结果16名入组患者的平均体重、BMI、空腹TC、LDL在术后3年均有不同幅度下降,平均空腹HDL有所升高,数据分析均有统计学意义（P<0.05）。 结论减重代谢手术可以明确并且持续性地减轻青少年肥胖症病人的体重,同时改善血脂异常问题。青少年一旦达到肥胖II级应当尽早手术。     

Risks of Routinely Clamping External Ventricular Drains for Intrahospital Transport in Neurocritically Ill Cerebrovascular Patients

Background

Current guidelines recommend routine clamping of external ventricular drains (EVD) for intrahospital transport (IHT). The aim of this project was to describe intracranial hemodynamic complications associated with routine EVD clamping for IHT in neurocritically ill cerebrovascular patients.

Methods

We conducted a retrospective review of cerebrovascular adult patients with indwelling EVD admitted to the neurocritical care unit (NICU) during the months of September to December 2015 at a tertiary care center. All IHTs from the NICU of the included patients were examined. Main outcomes were incidence and risk factors for an alteration in intracranial pressure (ICP) and cerebral perfusion pressure after IHT.

Results

Nineteen cerebrovascular patients underwent 178 IHTs (79.8 % diagnostic and 20.2 % therapeutic) with clamped EVD. Twenty-one IHTs (11.8 %) were associated with post-IHT ICP ≥ 20 mmHg, and 33 IHTs (18.5 %) were associated with escalation of ICP category. Forty IHTs (26.7 %) in patients with open EVD status in the NICU prior to IHT were associated with IHT complications, whereas no IHT complications occurred in IHTs with clamped EVD status in the NICU. Risk factors for post-IHT ICP ≥ 20 mmHg were IHT for therapeutic procedures (adjusted relative risk [aRR] 5.82; 95 % CI, 1.76–19.19), pre-IHT ICP 15–19 mmHg (aRR 3.40; 95 % CI, 1.08–10.76), pre-IHT ICP ≥ 20 mmHg (aRR 12.94; 95 % CI, 4.08–41.01), and each 1 mL of hourly cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) drained prior to IHT (aRR 1.11; 95 % CI, 1.01–1.23).

Conclusions

Routine clamping of EVD for IHT in cerebrovascular patients is associated with post-IHT ICP complications. Pre-IHT ICP ≥ 15 mmHg, increasing hourly CSF output, and IHT for therapeutic procedures are risk factors.

     

替吉奥联合奈达铂对比多西他赛单药二线治疗晚期肺鳞癌的疗效观察

目的 探讨替吉奥（S-1）联合奈达铂与多西他赛单药二线治疗晚期肺鳞癌的疗效和安全性。方法 收集本院2012年12月至2014年12月一线含铂双药化疗方案治疗失败或缓解后再进展的晚期肺鳞癌患者共87例,其中43例接受S-1联合奈达铂治疗（观察组）,44例接受多西他赛单药治疗（对照组）,两方案均为21天1个周期。化疗2个周期后采用RECIST 1.1 版标准评价客观疗效,采用美国国立癌症研究所毒性判定标准（NCI-CTCAE）4.0评价毒性反应,同时随访生存情况并评价两组生活质量的改善程度。结果 87例患者均可评价疗效。观察组和对照组的有效率分别为23.3％和18.2％,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）;观察组的疾病控制率为65.1％,高于对照组的40.9％,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;两组中位无疾病进展生存期分别为3.6个月（95%CI：2.44～4.76个月）和2.9个月（95%CI：2.54～3.26个月）,差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）;两组治疗后生活质量均有相应改善,差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。观察组主要的毒副反应为血液学毒性和消化道反应,对照组主要的毒副反应为血液学毒性和口腔黏膜炎,两组不良反应经对症治疗均可缓解。结论 S-1联合奈达铂二线治疗晚期肺鳞癌疗效更佳,不良反应可耐受。     

Research-IQ: development and evaluation of an ontology-anchored integrative query tool

Investigators in the translational research and systems medicine domains require highly usable, efficient and integrative tools and methods that allow for the navigation of and reasoning over emerging large-scale data sets. Such resources must cover a spectrum of granularity from bio-molecules to population phenotypes. Given such information needs, we report upon the initial design and evaluation of an ontology-anchored integrative query tool, Research-IQ, which employs a combination of conceptual knowledge engineering and information retrieval techniques to enable the intuitive and rapid construction of queries, in terms of semi-structured textual propositions, that can subsequently be applied to integrative data sets. Our initial results, based upon both quantitative and qualitative evaluations of the efficacy and usability of Research-IQ, demonstrate its potential to increase clinical and translational research throughput.