2005 - 2014年中国老年人肺癌发病的时间趋势分析

目的 分析2005 - 2014年我国老年人肺癌发病的时间趋势，为我国肺癌的防控工作提供依据。方法 根据2008 - 2017年《中国肿瘤登记年报》中肺癌的相关数据，分析2005 - 2014年我国老年人肺癌的发病情况，并通过年度变化百分比（annual percentage change，APC）分析其时间变化趋势。结果 2005 - 2014年我国老年人肺癌的发病率呈上升趋势（APC = 0.71%，P＜0.05），其中农村老年人肺癌的发病率从198.9/105上升至250.7/105，上升趋势更明显（APC = 2.81%，P＜0.05），尤以农村老年女性肺癌发病率的上升趋势最为明显（APC = 5.26%，P＜0.05）。2005 - 2014年中国老年人肺癌的发病在60～64岁和65～69岁组呈上升趋势（APC分别为2.83%和2.04%，均P＜0.05），而在农村地区，老年人所有年龄组的肺癌发病率都呈明显上升趋势（APC分别为3.49%，3.86%，1.66%，2.31%，3.49%及6.37%，均P＜0.05）。结论 2005 - 2014年我国老年人肺癌发病上升趋势明显，以农村老年女性最为突出，国家应针对高危人群及早开展筛查等工作，降低我国老年人肺癌的流行水平。     

Gray platelet syndrome: Management of perioperative bleeding in redo cardiac surgery

Gray platelet syndrome (GPS) is a rare (<1/1 000 000) and inherited platelet function disorder characterized by macrothrombocytopenia, α-granule deficiency, and hemorrhages. Bleeding intensity does not correlate with platelet count nor with functional test results. We hereby describe the perioperative bleeding prevention and management of a patient with GPS requiring multiple redo cardiac surgeries.     

South African abortion attitudes from 2007-2016: the roles of religiosity and attitudes toward sexuality and gender equality

ABSTRACT

Abortion is legal in South Africa, but negative abortion attitudes remain common and are poorly understood. We used nationally representative South African Social Attitudes Survey data to analyze abortion attitudes in the case of fetal anomaly and in the case of poverty from 2007 to 2016 (n = 20,711; ages = 16+). We measured correlations between abortion attitudes and these important predictors: religiosity, attitudes about premarital sex, attitudes about preferential hiring and promotion of women, and attitudes toward family gender roles. Abortion acceptability for poverty increased over time (b = 0.05, p < .001), but not for fetal anomaly (b = ?0.008, p = .284). Highly religious South Africans reported lower abortion acceptability in both cases (Odds Ratio (OR)_anomaly = 0.85, p = .015; OR_poverty = 0.84, p = .02). Premarital sex acceptability strongly and positively predicted abortion acceptability (OR_anomaly = 2.63, p < .001; OR_poverty = 2.46, p < .001). Attitudes about preferential hiring and promotion of women were not associated with abortion attitudes, but favorable attitudes about working mothers were positively associated with abortion acceptability for fetal anomaly ((OR_anomaly = 1.09, p = .01; OR_poverty = 1.02, p = .641)). Results suggest negative abortion attitudes remain common in South Africa and are closely tied to religiosity, traditional ideologies about sexuality, and gender role expectations about motherhood.     

从武汉抗疫看中医药文化认同与新的医学模式

从武汉抗疫中医药的投入使用情况,反思现代临床和国人所呈现出的中医药文化认同和就医习惯,探索其历史文化根源及社会因素与医学发展的内在关联。回顾历史,中医屡次临危受命,不负重托,如今大疫当前,中医药再次发挥了重要作用。故新时代探讨如何遵循中医药发展规律,传承精华、守正创新,坚持中医药原创优势,形成中医药学科优势整体化呈现的新模式医学,对提升全社会的中医药认知度具有重要意义。