窥镜下激光治疗前列腺增生症

目的 评价经尿道激光前列腺切除术（ＴＵＬＰ）的疗效及其与前列腺大小的关系。方法 回顾分析了１９８８年至１９９８年１０年,采用ＴＵＬＰ治疗的４６９例前列腺增生症患者对手术技术、手术前后的症关改善情况进行比较,并对２３３例符合条件的患者ＴＵＬＰ手术效果与前列腺大小的相关性进行了研究。结果 ４６９例患者前列腺症状评分（ＩＰＳＳ）平均值由术前的２６．７降到术后的１４．２;最大尿流率平均值由６．２ｍｌ／ｓ上     

B型超声检查对渗出型老年性黄斑变性的诊断价值

目的:探讨渗出型老年性黄斑变性(Age-related macular degeneration,AMD)的B型超声影象特征。方法:采用NIDEKUS-3300型超声诊断仪,对31例(54只眼)渗出型AMD进行了观察。结果:视网膜色素上皮脱离时,眼内后极部出现膜状弧形回声,光带与眼球壁之间,可见一个梭形透声区;渗出或出血未完全吸收阶段,呈混合性回声;渗出或出血逐渐吸收并为瘢痕组织所替代时,可见实体性小隆起物,强回声,形状似凸透镜或三角形,凸起端指向球后,玻璃体腔面平坦。结论:B型超声在渗出型AMD的诊断、治疗随访观察中具有实用价值。眼科学报1999;15:233-235。     

Bladder outflow obstruction masquerading as pelviureteric junction (PUJ) obstruction

We report a case of bladder outflow obstruction presenting with upper tract dilatation mistaken initially as pelviureteric junction (PUJ) obstruction. The lower tract obstruction ought to be dealt with first before upper tract obstruction is assessed because the renal pelvic pressure is significantly affected by vesical filling and high bladder pressure.     

三黄软膏皮肤用药毒性实验研究

为观察三黄软膏药物外用的安全性 ,进行了动物完整皮肤及破损皮肤长期接触三黄软膏 ,经皮肤渗透对局部及全身产生的毒性和反应的恢复程度 ,用三黄软膏 2g·kg-1、10g·kg-1剂量 (分别相当于 6 0kg人临床用量的 10、5 0倍 )连续对家用兔外用给药4周及停药恢复性观察 2周。结果表明给药期动物的皮肤状况、全身症状、行为活动、摄食、粪便性状、体重增长、血液学均未见明显的毒性反应 ,而高剂量组动物血液生化指标AST、ALT明显增高 ,病理组织学检查时肝水肿明显 ,可见有一定的毒性反应 ;停药期动物的血液生化指标AST、ALT肝组织病理组织学检查恢复正常 ,其他各项指标均未见明显的毒性反应 ,可见该毒性反应是可逆恢复的。表明三黄软膏在临床用药范围内连续使用是比较安全的。     

Inhibition of Amiodarone‐Induced Lung Fibrosis but not Alveolitis by Angiotensin System Antagonists

Abstract: Earlier work in this laboratory showed that amiodarone induces apoptosis in alveolar epithelial cells by a mechanism inhibitable by angiotensin system antagonists. A variety of recent studies suggests a critical role for alveolar epithelial cell apoptosis in the pathogenesis of lung fibrosis. On this basis we hypothesized that amiodarone‐induced alveolar epithelial cell apoptosis and lung fibrosis in vivo might be inhibitable by the angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor captopril or the angiotensin receptor antagonist losartan. Amiodarone‐induced lung fibrosis was induced in male Wistar rats by oral adminstration over six months. Replicate groups of rats received captopril or losartan in addition to amiodarone. Apoptosis was detected by increased total lung activity of caspase 3 and in situ end labeling (ISEL) of fragmented DNA. Collagen was localized and quantitated by the picrosirius red technique. Alveolar epithelial cell apoptosis was detected in amiodarone‐treated animals as early as three weeks after the start of amiodarone administration; by six months exposure, the incidence of alveolar epithelial cell apoptosis was significantly reduced by coadministration of captopril or losartan. Alveolar wall collagen accumulation also was significantly attenuated by captopril (100%) or losartan (74%), but neither agent blunted the accumulation of alveolar macrophages evoked by amiodarone (5.3‐fold at 6 months). Lung neutrophil content was unchanged by amiodarone treatment for three weeks or six months. These results indicate that amiodarone induces alveolar epithelial cell apoptosis in vivo that is inhibitable by angiotensin antagonists. They also support the hypothesis that blockade of angiotensin formation or function attenuates amiodarone‐induced lung fibrosis irrespective of the severity of alveolitis.     

末治脾肾,能起沉疴--单纯中药治疗乙肝相关性肝癌1例

探讨中药审因论治对乙肝相关性肝癌的治疗作用。应用调补脾肾、搜邪泄浊法 ,对一例乙肝相关性肝癌患者进行单纯中药治疗。结果 :经过 12个月治疗 ,AFP由最高 10 0 0 0 μg/L降至正常 (<2 0 μg/L) ,AFP异质体同步转阴 ,B超、MRI显示肝部实质性肿块消散 ,肝功能好转。提示本治法对肝癌具有较好的治疗作用。     

肿瘤坏死因子-β抗肿瘤及作用机制的研究

目的 :探讨肿瘤坏死因子 -β(tu mornecrosisfactor β ,TNF β)对 3种人癌细胞的增殖抑制作用及其细胞分子机制。方法 :采用多种体外及体内实验方法 ,从多侧面证实TNF β的抗肿瘤作用。并采用细胞内游离钙浓度测定、12 5I cAMP放免检测法检测cAMP含量。结果 :不同浓度TNF β对肿瘤细胞系均有增殖抑制作用 ,且呈剂量依赖性。当TNF β与顺铂和多柔比星合用 ,JF3 0 5细胞死亡百分比分别达到 ( 68 6±9 0 ) %和 ( 76 5± 7 9) %。TNF β实验组细胞内cAMP浓度明显增加 ,JF3 0 5细胞由( 0 0 5 72± 0 0 176)上升到 ( 0 2 896±0 0 784) pmol/10 6个细胞。此外细胞内钙浓度上升并且凋亡。结论 :TNF β具有体内、外抗肿瘤作用 ,其部分机制是通过增加cAMP含量及诱导细胞凋亡     

Lamivudine for the prevention of hepatitis B virus reactivation in hepatitis B s-antigen seropositive cancer patients undergoing cytotoxic chemotherapy.

PURPOSE: For cancer patients receiving cytotoxic chemotherapy, hepatitis B virus (HBV) reactivation is a well described complication resulting in varying degrees of liver damage. The objectives of this study were to assess the efficacy of the antiviral agent lamivudine in reducing the incidence of HBV reactivation and diminishing morbidity and mortality of cancer patients with chronic HBV infection during chemotherapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Two groups were compared in this nonrandomized study. The prophylactic lamivudine group consisted of 65 patients in a phase II study who were treated with lamivudine before and until 8 weeks after discontinuing chemotherapy. The historical controls consisted of 193 consecutive patients who underwent chemotherapy without prophylactic lamivudine. Significant prognosticators for the development of HBV reactivation were determined based on data from the controls. Potential confounding factors were identified between the two groups. The outcomes were compared. RESULTS: In the controls, lymphoma and anthracycline usage were factors identified to be associated with reactivation. The two groups were comparable in most baseline characteristics, although in the prophylactic lamivudine group, there were significantly more patients with lymphoma and receiving anthracyclines. In the prophylactic lamivudine group, there was significantly less HBV reactivation (4.6% v 24.4% in the controls; P <.001), fewer incidences of hepatitis (17.5% v 44.6%; P <.0001) that were less severe (4.8% v 18.7%; P =.0005), and less disruption of chemotherapy (15.4% v 34.6%; P =.0029). The reduction in overall mortality was not statistically different. CONCLUSION: Prophylactic lamivudine significantly reduced the incidence of HBV reactivation and the overall morbidity of cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy.