显微定量法测定中成药中猪牙皂的含量

目的 :制定猪牙皂在脐风散与惊风散中的显微定量标准。方法 :用显微定量法 ,以猪牙皂特有的石细胞为显微特征物 ,对脐风散与惊风散中的猪牙皂进行测定。结果 :猪牙皂含量与每毫克特征数呈显著的线性正相关 ,回归方程为 y =61 .42 x -1 .1 0× 1 0 - 3(γ=1 .0 0 ,α=0 .0 5 )。结论 :显微定量法测定脐风散与惊风散中猪牙皂的含量是可行的 ,结果可靠     

老年病人睡眠状况及护理干预研究进展

综述了老年人睡眠质量及其影响因素、睡眠障碍的危害、老年病人睡眠的护理干预。建议进行前瞻性干预试验,为改善老年人的睡眠质量提供依据。     

葡萄球菌属对常用抗生素耐药情况调查

目的：了解葡萄球菌属，特别是耐甲氧西林葡萄球菌（MRS）的耐药情况，为临床用药提供参考。方法：从2002年1－7月送检的住院病人的血、痰、脓液、分泌物等标本中分离出的金黄色葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌及其他血浆凝固酶阴性的葡萄球菌共105株，并进行药敏和多重耐药分析。结果：MRS的分离率较高，为68．6％，耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）为69．2％；耐甲氧西林表皮葡萄球菌（MRSE）为63．3％。MRS较非耐甲氧西林葡萄球菌（MSS）耐药率明显高，且MRS比MSS多重耐率高得多；MRSA对四种不同作用机制的抗生素；泰能、阿米卡星、环丙沙星、复方新诺明具有很高的多重耐药率，达到50％以上。结论：鉴于MRS的高分离率和多重耐药率，在治疗感染性疾病时，应加强病原学检查，提高标本鉴定的阳性率；在有效的治疗MRS感染的同时还应注意遏制MRS的产生。     

高压交变电磁场对心血管疾病康复的应用

应用高压交变电磁场对134例冠心病及高血压病患者进行临床应用，结果显效67例，好转55例，无效12例；有效地改善了脂蛋白代谢，降低TG、Tc、LDL-c及致动脉硬化指数．升高HDL-c浓度；降低了高血压病患者的血压；改善了冠心病患者的心电图；同时可改善心功能参数及心室负荷。由此可见，高压交变电磁场能抗动脉粥样硬化，对心血管疾病有显著的治疗作用。     

Postoperative deep vein thrombosis in the Taiwanese Chinese population

Reports of the incidence of postoperative deep vein thrombosis in the Chinese population of Taiwan are few in the literature. Over a 3 year period, the fibrinogen degradation products test, the pulse volume recorder, and venography were used to study 220 patients undergoing major operations at the Veterans General Hospital in Taipei, Taiwan. Deep vein thrombosis was found in 17 patients (7.7 percent). A comparison of the three diagnostic methods showed that the sensitivities of the fibrinogen degradation products test and the pulse volume recorder were 56.3 percent and 93.7 percent, respectively; the specificities, 97.4 percent and 95.7 percent, respectively; and the accuracies, 85.5 percent and 95.5 percent, respectively. These results support the combined use of the fibrinogen degradation products test and the pulse volume recorder for screening and diagnosing deep vein thrombosis.     

Nurses using physical restraints: Are the accused also the victims? – A study using focus group interviews

Background  

To date, the literature has provided an abundance of evidence on the adverse outcomes of restraint use on patients. Reportedly, nurses are often the personnel who initiate restraint use and attribute its use to ensuring the safety of the restrained and the others. A clinical trial using staff education and administrative input as the key components of a restraint reduction program was conducted in a rehabilitation setting to examine whether there were any significant differences in the prevalence of restraint use pre- and post-intervention. Subsequent to the implementation of the intervention program, focus group interviews were conducted to determine the perspective of the nursing staff on the use of restraints and their opinions of appropriate means to reduce their use.     

Clinical applications of colour Doppler energy imaging in the female reproductive tract and pregnancy

This review describes the usefulness of colour Doppler energy (CDE) (or power Doppler) imaging to measure vascularization in the female reproductive tract. CDE imaging is characterized by an increased sensitivity to flow, and thus may be useful in low-flow states and when optimal Doppler angles cannot be obtained. In addition, longer segments of vessels and more individual vessels can be visualized with CDE imaging. The role of CDE imaging in the evaluation of stromal vasculature in normal and in polycystic ovaries is described, and the relationship between follicular vascularity and outcome following in-vitro fertilization are discussed, together with the findings obtained from the evaluation of thecal arteriole of corpus luteum in early pregnancy. The fundamental role of CDE imaging in differentiation among ovarian masses is also reviewed. We summarize the role of CDE imaging in pregnancy, and describe two new applications of three-dimensional power Doppler sonography and the use of ultrasound contrast media. In conclusion, CDE imaging can replace conventional colour Doppler when the information on the direction of flow is not useful. Moreover, the technique appears superior to others for describing microvascular architecture and determining the presence or absence of flow.     

Relative motion of lung and chest wall promotes uniform pleural space thickness

The pleural space is modeled in two dimensions as a thin layer of fluid separating a deformable membrane and a rigid surface containing a bump. We computed the steady-state membrane configuration and fluid pressure distribution during relative sliding of the two surfaces. For physiologically relevant values of membrane tension, shear flow-induced pressures near the bump and far-field pressure gradients are similar to those measured in vivo within the pleural space (e.g. Lai-Fook et al.) [J. Appl. Physiol.: Respirat. Environ. Exercise Physiol. 56 (1984) 1633-1639]. Deformation of the membrane over the bump suggests that the pressure field generated by the sliding motion promotes an even layer of fluid in the pleural space, preventing asperities from touching. Results also suggest a possible mechanism for pleural fluid redistribution during breathing, whereby irreversible fluid motion is associated with the deformability of the membrane.