Single-Incision Versus Conventional Laparoscopic Appendectomy: A Meta-analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Background

Single-incision laparoscopic appendectomy (SILA) has gained enormous popularity worldwide. We conducted a meta-analysis to assess feasibility, safety, and benefits of SILA as compared with conventional laparoscopic appendectomy (CLA).

Methods

A literature search in MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library was performed to identify eligible randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Primary outcome measures were total postoperative complications, wound infection, intra-abdominal abscess, and ileus. Secondary outcome measures were operative time, length of hospital stay, pain scores, conversion rate, reoperation rate, and time to return to normal activity.

Results

Eight RCTs, totaling 1,211 patients (604 for SILA and 607 for CLA), met the inclusion criteria. The incidences of total postoperative complications, wound infection, intra-abdominal abscess, and ileus were statistically similar between the SILA and CLA groups. Compared with CLA, SILA was associated with a significantly longer operative time (weighted mean difference?=?5.28 min; 95 % confidence interval?=?3.61 to 6.94). Time to return to normal activity was shorter in the SILA group (by 0.69 days). Length of hospital stay, pain scores, conversion rate, and reoperation rate were similar between groups.

Conclusion

SILA is feasible and safe with no obvious advantages over CLA. Therefore, it may be considered as an alternative to CLA.     

Combination of Intravenous and Topical Application of Tranexamic Acid in Primary Total Knee Arthroplasty: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial

This study was aimed to determine the efficacy and safety of combined intravenous (IV) and topical application of tranexamic acid (TXA) in unilateral total knee arthroplasty (TKA) compared with the IV-TXA. One hundred eight-four patients were enrolled. Participants received either 3 g of IV-TXA or 1.5 g topical TXA combined with 1.5 g IV-TXA. The results revealed that compared with the 3 g IV-TXA, adding 1.5 g topical TXA to 1.5 g IV-TXA in unilateral TKA can have the similar effectiveness in reducing transfusion rate and total blood loss without sacrificing safety. The most important is that by adding topical TXA, patients can gain a smaller maximum decline of hemoglobin (Hb), less drainage volume, less postoperative knee pain, less knee swelling, shorter length of hospital stays and higher short-term satisfaction.     

行辅助生殖技术患者流产胎儿人白细胞抗原-G基因14bp插入/缺失多态性分析

目的探讨行辅助生殖技术后流产但染色体数目正常的胎儿人白细胞抗原-G(HLA-G)基因第8外显子14bp插入/缺失多态性情况,以期揭示其与流产发生的相关性。方法应用聚合酶链反应(PCR)及片段分析方法对符合入选条件的47例体外受精(IVF)流产胎儿(IVF流产组)、35例卵胞浆内单精子注射(ICSI)流产胎儿(ICSI流产组)及49例自然妊娠但选择行人工流产的胎儿(染色体数目正常;对照组)的HLA-G基因14bp插入/缺失多态性进行分析。结果 14bp插入/缺失等位基因频率在各组间相近,无统计学差异(P0.05);各组的HLA-G基因+14/+14、+14/-14和-14/-14基因型频率相似,无统计学差异(P0.05)。结论结果提示HLA-G基因14bp插入/缺失多态性不是引起通过辅助生殖技术方式妊娠的染色体数目正常胎儿流产发生的原因。     

护士在临床抗菌药物合理应用中的作用

据有关统计资料显示，中国住院患者抗菌药物的使用率高达80％，其中使用广谱抗菌药物和联合使用2种以上抗菌药物的比率达58％，远远高于30％的国际水平。我国每年约有20万人死于药品不良反应，其中40％以上是死于抗菌药物滥用。滥用抗菌药物的严重后果是细菌耐药性增强、严重的不良反应以及医疗费用的猛涨。中国已成为世界上细菌耐药最严重的国家之一。     

基因工程化分泌神经营养因子-3的鼠胚神经干细胞实验研究

目的：探索以Lentivirus为载体,构建同时表达绿色荧光蛋白（GFP）和神经营养因子-3（NT-3）的基因工程化鼠胚神经干细胞（NSC）的可行性.方法：体外分离培养鼠胚NSC,用同时携带NT-3和GFP的lentivirus转染构建工程化NSC：用荧光显微镜、鼠胚背根神经结培养（Dorsal Root Ganglion,DRG）、Western blot等方法检测基因工程NSC的转基因表达.结果：荧光显微镜观察到几乎100%的工程化NSC表达GFP;DRG培养和Western blot检测到基因工程化NSC能高效分泌NT-3蛋白.结论：以Lentivirus为载体,构建同时携带并稳定表达GFP和NT-3的基因工程化鼠胚NSC是可行的,可为脊髓损伤基础研究提供有价值的细胞资源.     

TIA发作间期SPECT脑血流灌注显像检查的意义探讨

本资料通过单光于发射计算机断层扫描（SPECT）检查观察近期发作的短暂性脑缺血发作（TIA）患者发作间期的脑血流灌注状况，并与CT检查进行比较，旨在进一步探讨SPECT检查对TIA病程和转归、预后预测的临床意义。