Cause-specific and total mortality in the Canterbury (New Zealand) insulin-treated Diabetic Registry population: a 15-year follow-up study.

AIMS: To establish all-cause and cause-specific death rates, and risk factors for mortality in insulin-treated diabetic individuals living in the province of Canterbury, New Zealand. METHODS: Insulin-treated diabetic subjects (n = 995) on the Canterbury Diabetes Registry were followed up over 15 years and vital status determined. Death rates were standardized and hazard regression was used to model the effects of demographic covariates on relative survival time. RESULTS: There were 419 deaths in 11 226.3 person-years of follow-up with a standardized mortality ratio (SMR) of 2.0 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.8-2.2). Relative mortality was greatest for the group aged 0-29 years (SMR 3.0 (95% CI 2.4-3.7)). After controlling for diabetes duration and gender, a 10-year increment in age of onset was associated with a 33% decrease in relative hazard (95% CI 29-36%), indicating that excess mortality due to diabetes declines with rising age of onset. After controlling for age of onset and gender, each 10-year increment in duration of diabetes is associated with a 26% decrease in relative hazard (95% CI 24-29%), indicating that with longer survival the mortality hazard approaches the general population hazard. Relative mortalities were increased for cardiovascular, renal and respiratory disease, but not malignancy. Relative mortality from acute metabolic complications was increased in the subgroup with age of onset of diabetes < 30 years and requiring insulin within 1 year of diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS: Mortality rates are high for insulin-treated diabetic individuals relative to the general population.     

928株革兰阴性杆菌耐药性监测

目的：了解青岛地区临床分离的重要革兰阴性杆菌的耐药情况以指导合理用药。方法：2001年青岛3家医院临床分离的5种革兰阴性杆菌用Kirby-Bauer法进行药敏试验。结果：5种病原菌均占3家医院革兰阴性杆菌分离率的前5位，大肠埃希菌对氟喹诺酮类药物的耐药率达60％－87％，细菌对亚胺培南均呈高度敏感，但铜绿假单胞菌耐亚胺培南株占25．8％，头孢他啶的抗菌活性是三代头孢菌素中最高的；复方酶抑制剂表现出良好的抗菌活性。结论：细菌耐药问题仍是目前临床的严重问题，地域性的耐药性监测是必要的。     

单克隆IgH基因重排检测在B-NHL诊断和随访中的意义

目的　评价单克隆IgH基因重排检测在恶性淋巴瘤 (B NHL)临床中的应用价值。方法　用半巢式PCR检测单克隆IgH基因重排。病例组为B NHL ,包括 6 9例石蜡包埋组织切片、治疗前 16例骨髓和 2 9例外周血、阳性者治疗后复查骨髓和外周血 ;对照组为 10例慢性淋巴结炎、3例T NHL和 2例HD。结果　对照组均阴性。病例组 :切片中单克隆IgH基因重排阳性率为 6 3.8% (44 / 6 9) ;骨髓和外周血阳性率分别为 43 .8%(7/ 16 )和 41.4% (12 / 2 9) ,细胞形态学检查未见异常细胞者阳性率分别为 33 .3% (3/ 9)和 31.3% (5 / 16 )。 16例同时采集骨髓和外周血者 ,阳性率分别为 43 .8% (7/ 16 )和 37.5 % (6 / 16 ) ,两者无统计学差异。治疗前单克隆IgH重排阳性者 ,6例完全缓解 (CR)后转阴 ,处于持续缓解状态 ,1例临床缓解后 13个月仍阳性 ,现在继续随访中 ,另 1例CR后持续阳性者 ,6个月后复发。结论　切片、骨髓和外周血中检测单克隆IgH基因重排可以作为B NHL诊断和随访微小残留病灶的辅助手段     

一阶导数高速脉冲极谱法用于盐酸普鲁卡因的定量分析

研究了一阶导数高速脉冲极谱法,并运用于盐酸普鲁卡因及其注射制剂的定量分析。在-0.04 V(对 Ag/AgCl)处出现的良好导数峰,于1.0～6.0×10~(-4)mol/L 范围内,导数峰电流与浓度呈线性关系。检测限为3.0×10~(-8)mol/L。操作简便、快速、灵敏,结果准确。     

尿路子宫内膜异位症(附3例报告)

目的：重视尿路子宫内膜异位症，探讨其诊断,治疗方法，方法：对3例尿路子宫内膜异位症的临床表现和B超，CT，膀胱镜征象以及治疗方法进行分析。结果：术前明确诊断2例，术中发现1例，术后均病理证实，无复发，痊愈出院，疗效满意。结论：确诊需靠腔镜检查或手术探查，诊断应强调详细地询问病史，治疗方法的选择决定于子宫内膜异位症的部位。     

NariSO3和NaCl联合增敏光度法测定碘盐中微量碘

研究亚硫酸氢钠和氯化钠配伍使用的增敏性,建立了NaHSO3—NaCl—KIO3—KI四元无机体系测定碘盐中碘含量的新方法。测定碘的最佳条件:磷酸介质,pH 3~4,最大吸收波长479 nm,ε479=1.5×105L/(mol/cm),碘含量(以KIO3中I计)在0~2.24mg/L内符合比尔定律。用于测定食盐中碘的含量,回收率为99.49%~101.3%,结果满意。     

Juvenile Xanthogranuloma with Ocular Involvement

Abstract:   Juvenile xanthogranuloma is a benign histiocytic skin disorder encountered primarily in infancy and childhood. Approximately 0.4% of cases exhibit ocular manifestations, which can result in glaucoma and blindness. We present a case of a 7-month-old male with unilateral glaucoma associated with Juvenile xanthogranuloma, and emphasize the importance of an ocular screening in patients with Juvenile xanthogranuloma, especially those with periocular lesions.     

Techniques for performing laparoscopic liver resection in various hepatic locations

Many studies have recently reported on laparoscopic liver resection, although its development has been slow compared to laparoscopy in other fields. The indications for the location of laparoscopic liver resection have previously been limited to easily accessible lesions. Performing laparoscopic liver resection in the posterior and superior parts of the liver has been considered difficult due to inadequate exposure, the poor operative field and the difficulty with parenchymal dissection. Flexible endoscopy, high definition imaging and various kinds of equipment for parenchymal transection have been introduced for clinical use. In addition, much experience with this procedure has been accumulated at many centers. Accordingly, there are an increasing number of reports on laparoscopic liver resection in difficult locations. At our institution, the location of the tumor is no longer a limitation to laparoscopic liver resection. However, for safer laparoscopic liver resection, the patient positioning and trocar placement should be individualized according to the tumor location. The type of resection also may depend on the remaining liver’s functional capacity. We describe here the technical considerations for performing laparoscopic liver resection, including the technical considerations for performing laparoscopic liver resection for lesions located in the postero-superior segments of the liver.     

弥散张量成像对颅脑肿瘤与相邻脑白质纤维束解剖关系的评价

目的:评价弥散张量成像技术显示颅脑肿瘤与相邻脑白质纤维束解剖关系的价值。材料和方法:对5例正常志愿者及29例幕上星形细胞瘤及脑膜瘤进行弥散张量成像,在弥散各向异性图、彩色张量图及脑白质纤维束图上分析肿瘤与相邻脑白质纤维束的解剖关系,并对患者术前、术后的临床症状进行评价。结果:(1)9例脑膜瘤及11例Ⅰ-Ⅱ级星形细胞瘤推移相邻脑白质纤维束,患者术后临床症状明显改善。(2)6例Ⅲ-Ⅳ级星形细胞瘤及3例Ⅰ-Ⅱ级星形细胞瘤浸润、破坏相邻脑白质纤维束,患者术后的临床症状未明显改善。结论:弥散张量成像技术在显示颅脑肿瘤与相邻脑内主要白质纤维束的解剖关系方面具有重要价值,对神经外科术前治疗方案的确定具有重要指导作用。     

微波导入与达克宁栓治疗念珠菌阴道炎临床分析

目的:分析微波导入联合达克宁栓治疗严重念珠菌阴道炎的效果。方法:对182例严重念珠菌阴道炎患者随机分为两组:研究组采用微波导入联合达克宁栓进行治疗;对照组则单用达克宁栓治疗。比较两组疗效。结果:治疗后5d～7d及1个月随访结果均显示,研究组的疗效明显高于对照组,差异有显著性意义(P<0.01),治疗后1个月研究组复发率明显低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:微波导入联合达克宁栓治疗严重念珠菌阴道炎效果好,值得临床推广。