Vasomotor reactions of the abdominal viscera at different arterial pressures

Summary A study was made of the vasomotor reactions of abdominal organs (the kidneys, spleen, intestine) by resistography in electric stimulation of the peripheral end of the splanchnic nerve with various intensity and frequency. It is shown that against the background of increased pressure, both vasodilatation and vasoconstriction occurred in lower intensity and frequency in comparison with the vascular reactions in the normal blood pressure level. Conversely, the thresholds of vasomotor reactions increase when the initial pressure level is diminished. This indicated that the vasomotor effects could be replaced by functionally opposite ones in the same nerve influences, depending on the initial state of vessels.(Presented by Active Member AMN SSSR A. L. Myasnikov) Translated from Byulleten' Éksperimental'noi Biologii i Meditsiny, Vol. 55, No. 5, pp. 16–20, May, 1963     

Objective assessment of hearing in neonates by registration of brain stem evoked potentials

A detailed analysis of the findings of registration of short-latent evoked acoustic potentials (SLEP) in neonates with symptoms of ante- and postnatal affection of the central nervous system (CNS) and in healthy children has shown that some SLEP parameters (latent periods, interpeak intervals) in neonates with impaired CNS and healthy infants differ.     

Bifidobacterial plasmids and their application to genetic engineering

Representatives of Bifidobacterium genus are considered to play many important roles in intestinal homeostasis. On the other hand, their molecular biology and genetics have been poorly studied. In order to broaden our understanding of their health-promoting mechanisms, it is extremely important to possess tools to manipulate them genetically. Another challenging task is to take advantage of genetic engineering technology for designing new probiotic bifidobacteria with unique therapeutic properties. An important step in such work is to isolate and characterize small bifidobacterial plasmids, which can be applied to the construction of cloning vectors. This article presents a review of several pioneering studied devoted to bifidobacterial plasmids and genetic engineering with bifidobacteria. Trends in and prospects of molecular genetics of bifidobacteria are discussed as well.     

32P玻璃微球血管栓塞内照射加局部灌注抗癌药对肺癌的治疗作用

目的: 探讨32P玻璃微球(phosphorus-32 glass microspheres,32P-GMS)经支气管动脉栓塞内照射治疗支气管肺癌的有效性和安全性. 方法: 经病理确诊的24例支气管肺癌患者均接受2个周期的全身化疗. 非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)采用CAP方案化疗;小细胞肺癌(SCLC)采用EP方案化疗. 4 wk为一周期. 所有患者均于第8周后复查胸部CT,在证实其病灶变化不明显后行支气管动脉局部灌注化疗并以32P-GMS与超液化碘油的混悬液进行栓塞. 于第12周观察治疗前后胸部CT影像学改变、临床症状、副作用及介入并发症等发生率. 结果: 32P-GMS支气管动脉超选择性介入栓塞内照射术治疗肺癌疗效显著,完全缓解(CR) 5例(21%),部分缓解(PR) 15例(62%),稳定(SD) 3例(12%),进展(PD) 1例(4%),有效率(CR PR) 83%;除1例出现一过性脊髓缺血,经积极治疗后好转外,未见其他并发症. 结论: 全身化疗后序贯32P-GMS肿瘤血管支栓塞内照射加局部灌注化疗治疗支气管肺癌有较高的近期缓解率,患者耐受良好,是治疗肺癌安全、有效的方法之一.     

丙酮酸乙酯对脓毒症小鼠器官损伤的影响

目的 探讨丙酮酸乙酯(EP)与碱性磷酸酶(ALP)在脓毒症损伤过程中的作用机制.方法 建立小鼠盲肠结扎穿孔致脓毒症模型.90只雄性昆明小鼠随机分为假手术组、模型组、EP干预组;制模后1 h EP组腹腔给予EP 75 mg/kg,模型组给予等量乳酸林格液;两组分别于术后15 min和1、3、6 h各取10只小鼠摘除眼球并取血后活杀.用全自动生化分析仪检测血清中ALP、尿酸(UA)及肺组织匀浆中乳酸/丙酮酸比值;采用苏木素-伊红(HE)染色观察小肠组织病理学变化并进行小肠病理损伤评分.结果 与假手术组比较,模型组和EP组血清ALP均呈显著下降趋势(P<0.05或P<0.01),EP组术后6 h显著低于模型组(P<0.05).模型组血清UA水平1 h时显著升高,3 h达峰值(P均<0.05),随后下降;而EP组呈相反的变化趋势,于1 h、3 h显著低于模型组(P均<0.05).EP组肺组织匀浆乳酸/丙酮酸比值于各时间点均显著低于模型组(P均<0.05).病理学观察发现,与模型组比较,EP组肠道结构损伤随时间延长明显减轻;3 h、6 h时小肠病理损伤评分明显低于模型组(P均<0.05).结论 EP能促进血清ALP的利用,降低血清UA水平,改善机体酸中毒以及肠道损伤,对脓毒症所致损伤的脏器发挥保护作用.