Traumatic hip dislocation in children]

Three children aged 7, 9 and 11 were treated because of traumatic dislocation of the hip. There was one case of anterior and two cases of posterior iliac dislocation. The reduction was performed under general anaesthesia directly after admission. In two children derotational shoe for 6 weeks and a plaster for 3 weeks in third case were used in after treatment. The unweighing of the limb was maintained for 6 weeks more. Subsequently, the gradual weight bearing was allowed. Radiographic examination of two children 1.5 and 3.75 years after injury revealed normal hip joints. There was no restriction of physical activity of these children.     

The application of nanocrystaline diamond coatings in medicine

The search for an endoprosthesis with the longest possible durability has been in progress for many years. In spite of three decades of intensive development of implant materials, contemporary endoprosthesis are still far from satisfactory. In an environment as corrosive as the human body, even the best metal alloys release ions: Co, Cr and Mo all dissolve at a rate of approximately 50 ng per year. The biocompatibility of an implants is directly by the extent of corrosion. Tests in vivo have shown that Ni, Co and Cr ions are bound to the body's own proteins, predominantly albumins, which can then transfer them to other ergans, thus disturbing their functions.
Facing this challenge, a new, entirely cementless endoprosthesis for the coxofemoral joint, comprised of a pin, a head and two bushings, has been constructed in a cooperative project involving three research centers: ECAM in Lyons, the Technical University of Bratislava, and the Thin Film Division of the Technical University of Lodz. Both the pin and the outer bushing are made of a titanium alloy, coated with a nanocrystalline diamond film. The heads is made of corundum ceramics, and the inner bushing is made if high molecular weight polyethylene. The shape of the pin has been designed in compliance with all biomechanical requirements.
As of this writing these endoprostheses have been implanted in test animals, and remain under continous biological monitoring. To this point all the test results have been postitive.     

Nasal ganglioglioma--difficulties in radiological imaging

Ganglioglioma is a tumour containing both astrocytic and neuronal components. Most gangliogliomas are observed in the brain, but may also manifest as a nasal glioma. Approximately 250 cases of nasal gliomas have been described in the literature. Gliomas are classified as heterotopias of glia tissue. In the paper we describe the case of nasal ganglioglioma and the diagnostic difficulties. The differences between ganglioglioma, nasal glioma and other congenital midline nasal masses are discussed.     

Cervical lymphadenopathy in children--incidence and diagnostic management

OBJECTIVE: Palpable lymph nodes are common due to the reactive hyperplasia of lymphatic tissue mainly connected with local inflammatory process. Differential diagnosis of persistent nodular change on the neck is different in children, due to higher incidence of congenital abnormalities and infectious diseases and relative rarity of malignancies in that age group. The aim of our study was to analyse the most common causes of childhood cervical lymphadenopathy and determine of management guidelines on the basis of clinical examination and ultrasonographic evaluation. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The research covered 87 children with cervical lymphadenopathy. Age, gender and accompanying diseases of the patients were assessed. All the patients were diagnosed radiologically on the basis of ultrasonographic evaluation. RESULTS: Reactive inflammatory changes of bacterial origin were observed in 50 children (57.5%). Fever was the most common general symptom accompanying lymphadenopathy and was observed in 21 cases (24.1%). The ultrasonographic evaluation revealed oval-shaped lymph nodes with the domination of long axis in 78 patients (89.66%). The proper width of hilus and their proper vascularization were observed in 75 children (86.2%). Some additional clinical and laboratory tests were needed in the patients with abnormal sonographic image. CONCLUSIONS: Ultrasonographic imaging is extremely helpful in diagnostics, differentiation and following the treatment of childhood lymphadenopathy. Failure of regression after 4-6 weeks might be an indication for a diagnostic biopsy.     

Long-term results of surgical treatment for clubfoot with the posterior release method]

The authors present long term results of congenital clubfoot by posterior release. Our material consisted of 57 patients, with 57 clubfeet, 5 to 27 months old (mean age 9.5 months) at the time surgery. The age at the time of the final follow-up ranged from 8 to 20 years (mean age 14.7 years). The time of the observation ranged from 7 to 20 years (mean 13.9 years). Final results were evaluated according to the Magone classification. Basing on this classification we achieved very good results in 21.3%, good results in 29.3%, sufficient results in 26.7% and poor results in 22.6%. In the authors opinion posterior release and Achilles tendon elongation give the best possibility of correction of residual deformation. Varus deformity, abduction and equinal position should not be treated by posterior release.     

Prevalence and Characteristics of Orthorectic Disorders in Adolescence and Young People: Polish Preliminary Studies

The aim of this work was to assess orthorectic behaviors among young people and to evaluate their attitudes towards caring for their health. The study was conducted in 2019 on a group of 538 respondents aged 16–35. After analysis, 65 questionnaires were eliminated from further research, and the assessment of orthorectic disorders was performed using a method based on the modified ORTO-15 questionnaire on a group of 473 respondents. A large percentage of them exhibited an increased risk of orthorectic behaviors (32.8), which was higher among women than men (34.7% and 28.2%, respectively). People with higher risks of orthorectic disorders significantly more often reduced their consumption of foods high in fats and sugars. Attitudes of people with orthorectic disorders towards health care proved neutral, with a tendency to be positive. Nutritional behaviors observed in the studied group show some irregularities, which indicates the need for preventive and educational measures aimed at increasing awareness of the role of proper nutrition among young people. The obtained results may be the basis for further research on ON symptoms. One of the major areas of future research would be to create a reliable diagnostic tool which would allow for distinguishing between orthorexia and overdiagnosis.