癌性恶病质脂肪丢失的分子机制研究进展

癌性恶病质状态在癌症病人中普遍存在,但是目前临床医生对癌性恶病质的认识不足且缺乏有效的治疗手段.究其原因是目前对癌性恶病质的发生机制不清楚.肌肉和脂肪丢失是恶病质的重要特征之一.肌肉丢失的机制在既往研究中已经比较多地被讨论,但是脂肪丢失的机制目前研究仍处于起步阶段.本文重点综述了目前癌性恶病质脂肪丢失的相关分子机制研究...     

An unusual case of palmoplantar keratoderma

A 55-year-old woman with palmoplantar keratoderma presented an associated hyperhidrosis with distinct odour and maceration. She had had the lesions for about 20 years and this seemed to be an isolated case in her family. This case appeared very unusual because there were no signs of acanthokeratolysis in the biopsies. Two months of treatment with acitretin (Neotigason; 25 mg daily), produced a spectacular result: clearance of all the lesions on both hands and a strong diminution of the lesions on the soles. The Unna-Thost variant of palmoplantar keratoderma usually appears in the first few months of life, and it rarely appears in the third decade. The condition is inherited as an autosomal dominant with high penetrance and expressivity. Our subject appeared to be an exception to these two facts.     

Design of a simple, in vitro method for evaluating the efficiency of crude Clostridium histolyticum collagenase and its components for porcine islet isolation

Abstract: The wide variability of different batches of crude collagenase is one of the major factors influencing the isolation of porcine islets of Langerhans. In order to enable the production of reproducible collagenase batches, however, it is first necessary to determine which of the many components of crude collagenase are required for porcine islet isolation. For this to be done, experiments must control for the inter-pancreatic variation seen with porcine pancreata, and this requires methodology that enables many different crude collagenases or collagenase components to be tested on any one pancreas. The aim of this study was to assess four different in vitro methods for evaluating different batches of crude collagenase. Each of the methods involved placing blocks of either distended or undistended pancreas in centrifuge tubes, adding crude collagenase in various concentrations dissolved in Hanks' and incubating the tubes in a waterbath at 35°C. The remainder of the pancreas was simultaneously processed using the semi-automated method. Every 10 min, samples were taken from both the semi-automated circuit and the relevant centrifuge tubes and assessed for number of cleaved islets, cleavage index, degree of fragmentation and quality of exocrine digestion. A correlation was made between each in vitro method and the "gold standard" semi-automated method. We conclude that it is possible to use an in vitro method to evaluate crude collagenase that correlates well with the digestion occurring in the Ricordi chamber and that enables the testing of many batches or components of crude collagenase on any one porcine pancreas.     

Evaluation of a training curriculum for nursing assistants

This is the report of a study undertaken as part fulfilment of the nurse tutor's course at Huddersfield Polytechnic. The purpose of the study was to evaluate nursing assistant training programmes at a mental illness unit in the Trent Region. The results suggest that the training curriculum in the unit where the study took place is effective in terms of teaching methods, lesson contents and consumer satisfaction (nursing assistants and charge nurses). The questionnaire survey supplied helpful comments on the training needs of nursing assistants. The conclusion is that it is not a waste of time to teach some elementary notions of nursing to nursing assistants.