全文获取类型
收费全文 | 1431篇 |
免费 | 86篇 |
国内免费 | 21篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 2篇 |
儿科学 | 31篇 |
妇产科学 | 6篇 |
基础医学 | 207篇 |
口腔科学 | 14篇 |
临床医学 | 105篇 |
内科学 | 343篇 |
皮肤病学 | 4篇 |
神经病学 | 88篇 |
特种医学 | 57篇 |
外科学 | 274篇 |
综合类 | 5篇 |
预防医学 | 61篇 |
眼科学 | 43篇 |
药学 | 167篇 |
中国医学 | 17篇 |
肿瘤学 | 114篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 3篇 |
2023年 | 15篇 |
2022年 | 39篇 |
2021年 | 63篇 |
2020年 | 29篇 |
2019年 | 30篇 |
2018年 | 46篇 |
2017年 | 21篇 |
2016年 | 37篇 |
2015年 | 30篇 |
2014年 | 43篇 |
2013年 | 39篇 |
2012年 | 60篇 |
2011年 | 82篇 |
2010年 | 36篇 |
2009年 | 38篇 |
2008年 | 81篇 |
2007年 | 72篇 |
2006年 | 60篇 |
2005年 | 64篇 |
2004年 | 65篇 |
2003年 | 84篇 |
2002年 | 82篇 |
2001年 | 36篇 |
2000年 | 29篇 |
1999年 | 27篇 |
1998年 | 29篇 |
1997年 | 16篇 |
1996年 | 22篇 |
1995年 | 16篇 |
1994年 | 18篇 |
1993年 | 12篇 |
1992年 | 19篇 |
1991年 | 23篇 |
1990年 | 16篇 |
1989年 | 28篇 |
1988年 | 13篇 |
1987年 | 10篇 |
1986年 | 21篇 |
1985年 | 16篇 |
1984年 | 16篇 |
1983年 | 12篇 |
1982年 | 4篇 |
1981年 | 3篇 |
1980年 | 4篇 |
1979年 | 3篇 |
1974年 | 4篇 |
1973年 | 3篇 |
1972年 | 4篇 |
1971年 | 4篇 |
排序方式: 共有1538条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
991.
Effectiveness of group cognitive behavioral therapy for somatoform pain disorder patients in Japan: A preliminary non‐case‐control study 下载免费PDF全文
Atsuo Yoshino MD PhD Yasumasa Okamoto MD PhD Mitsuru Doi DDS Masaru Horikoshi PhD Kyoko Oshita MD PhD Ryuji Nakamura MD PhD Naofumi Otsuru PhD Shinpei Yoshimura PhD Keisuke Tanaka PhD Koki Takagaki PhD Ran Jinnin MD Hidehisa Yamashita MD PhD Masashi Kawamoto MD PhD Shigeto Yamawaki MD PhD 《Psychiatry and clinical neurosciences》2015,69(12):763-772
992.
Takeyuki Hiramatsu Akinori Hobo Takahiro Hayasaki Koki Kabu Shinji Furuta 《Peritoneal dialysis international》2015,35(5):552-558
♦ Background:
For patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD), peritoneal dialysis (PD) serves as a possible renal replacement therapy. However, most PD patients, particularly those with ESRD and diabetes mellitus, reportedly discontinue PD early, resulting in shorter survival periods and poorer prognosis because of overhydration. Recently, the vasopressin-2 receptor antagonist tolvaptan was approved for volume control in patients with heart failure. The present study aimed to identify the effects of tolvaptan in diabetic PD patients.♦ Methods:
In this pilot study, the tolvaptan group (n = 12) were treated with 15 mg/day of tolvaptan 2 weeks after PD initiation and were prospectively analyzed for 1 year, and patients in the control group (n = 12) did not receive tolvaptan and were retrospectively analyzed for 1 year. In addition to the biochemical tests, echocardiograms, serum atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels, peritoneal Kt/V, and creatinine clearance (CCr) were examined at baseline and at 6 and 12 months after PD initiation.♦ Results:
In the control group, the urine volume, renal Kt/V, and renal CCr levels consistently decreased; however, these parameters were stably maintained during the study period in the tolvaptan group. Atrial natriuretic peptide, CRP levels and the left ventricular mass index of the tolvaptan-treated group were significantly lower than those in the control group, whereas total protein and albumin levels were significantly higher at 6 and 12 months in the tolvaptan group. There were no obvious adverse effects.♦ Conclusions:
These data suggest that tolvaptan may preserve residual renal function and improve volume control in PD patients with diabetes mellitus. 相似文献993.
Yoshimasa Sugiura Koki Nagayama Yuichi Kinoshita Ryusuke Tanaka Teruo Matsushita 《Food and Agricultural Immunology》2015,26(2):181-193
To determine the anti-allergic effects of Ecklonia kurome, the ethyl acetate fraction from an E. kurome (EEK) extract was compared to the ethyl acetate fraction from an Eisenia arborea (EEA) extract and epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) for inhibitory effects on inflammation in experimental animals, degranulation in inflammatory lymphocytes and enzymatic activities involved in allergic reactions. EEK was found to inhibit mouse ear oedema by inflammatory inducers (arachidonic acid, 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate and oxazolone) in a dose-dependent manner, through both topical and oral administrations. EEK also inhibited degranulation in rat basophilic leukaemia cells and enzymatic activities (cyclooxygenase-2, soybean lipoxygenase and phospholipase A2) in a dose-dependent manner. The effects of EEK were generally comparable of those of EEA and EGCG. Therefore, E. kurome and the components in EEK have the benefit of being used not only in common foods, but also more widely as a functional food resource in anti-allergic foods. 相似文献
994.
Ishida Kazuyuki Tamura Akio Kato Kenichi Uesugi Noriyuki Osakabe Mitsumasa Eizuka Makoto Hasegawa Yasushi Nitta Hiroyuki Otsuka Koki Sasaki Akira Ehara Shigeru Sugai Tamotsu 《Abdominal imaging》2018,43(11):2991-3000
Abdominal Radiology - Radiological evaluation of the efficacy of preoperative chemotherapy for colorectal liver metastasis (CRLM) is the most important tool for determining treatment strategies.... 相似文献
995.
Ishigami S Natsugoe S Tokuda K Nakajo A Che X Iwashige H Aridome K Hokita S Aikou T 《Hepato-gastroenterology》2002,49(48):1737-1741
BACKGROUND/AIMS: We investigated clinical features of T-cell gastric lymphomas associated with human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1). METHODOLOGY: Ninety patients with gastric lymphoma who underwent gastrectomy were included in this study. They were divided into T-cell and B-cell gastric lymphomas according to the immunohistochemical expression of surface T-cell or B-cell markers. Clinicopathological features and surgical outcome were compared between T-cell and B-cell gastric lymphomas. Correlation between T-cell gastric lymphoma and Epstein-Barr virus, p53, MIB-1, and CD44 variant 6 on lymphoma cells was evaluated in 60 patients by in situ hybridization and immunohistochemical examination. Anti-adult T-cell leukemia antigen was evaluated in 74 patients in the blood serum were evaluated. RESULTS: Nine of the 90 patients were classified as T-cell gastric lymphoma. Patients with T-cell gastric lymphoma had significantly more nodal involvement and poorer resectability than those with B-cell gastric lymphoma. Positivity of serum anti-adult T-cell leukemia antigen was significantly higher in T-cell lymphoma patients (100%) than in B-cell lymphoma patients (41%). However, there was no significant difference in Epstein-Barr virus positivity and expression of p53, MIB-1, CD44 variant 6 between T-cell and B-cell lymphomas. The five-year-survival rate in patients with T-cell gastric lymphomas was 0% and whereas that in B-cell gastric lymphoma was 45%, there was a significant difference between the two groups (p < 0.01). Two patients with T-cell lymphoma who underwent emergency gastrectomy died in hospital during follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: The surgical outcome of patients with T-cell lymphoma with anti-adult T-cell leukemia antigen tended to be very poor, despite curative resection. Thus, intensive chemotherapy is recommended for the patients with HTLV-1 associated T-cell gastric lymphoma. 相似文献
996.
Hardy MM Seibert K Manning PT Currie MG Woerner BM Edwards D Koki A Tripp CS 《Arthritis and rheumatism》2002,46(7):1789-1803
OBJECTIVE: To examine cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) enzyme expression, its regulation by interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta), and the role of prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) in proteoglycan degradation in human osteoarthritic (OA) cartilage. METHODS: Samples of human OA articular cartilage, meniscus, synovial membrane, and osteophytic fibrocartilage were obtained at knee arthroplasty and cultured ex vivo with or without IL-1 beta and COX inhibitors. COX expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry and Western blot analysis. The enzymatic activity of COX was measured by conversion of arachidonic acid to PGE(2). Cartilage degradation was evaluated by measuring the accumulation of sulfated glycosaminoglycans in the medium. RESULTS: IL-1 beta induced robust expression of COX-2 and PGE(2) in OA meniscus, synovial membrane, and osteophytic fibrocartilage explants, whereas low levels were produced in OA articular cartilage. IL-1 beta also induced cartilage proteoglycan degradation in OA synovial membrane-cartilage cocultures. Increased proteoglycan degradation corresponded to the induction of COX-2 protein expression in, and PGE(2) production from, the synovial membrane. Dexamethasone, neutralizing IL-1 beta antibody, or the selective COX-2 inhibitor, SC-236, attenuated both the IL-1 beta-induced PGE(2) production and cartilage proteoglycan degradation in these cocultures. The addition of PGE(2) reversed the inhibition of proteoglycan degradation caused by SC-236. CONCLUSION: IL-1 beta-induced production of COX-2 protein and PGE(2) was low in OA articular cartilage compared with that in the other OA tissues examined. IL-1 beta-mediated degradation of cartilage proteoglycans in OA synovial membrane-cartilage cocultures was blocked by the selective COX-2 inhibitor, SC-236, and the effect of SC-236 was reversed by the addition of exogenous PGE(2). Our data suggest that induction of synovial COX-2-produced PGE(2) is one mechanism by which IL-1 beta modulates cartilage proteoglycan degradation in OA. 相似文献
997.
998.
Maria das Graças Bastos Licurci Alessandra de Almeida Fagundes Emilia Angela Lo Schiavo Arisawa 《Journal of bodywork and movement therapies》2018,22(3):618-621
Background
Whole body vibration (WBV) has been widely used as a modality for physical activity. In fact, WBV has been used for physical rehabilitation, and to improve muscle performance; but there is little information about its effects on heart rate variability (HRV).Aim
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of vibration on HRV of the elderly using the vibratory platform.Methods
Eleven older adults (7 men, 4 women), aged between 60 and 75 years, were subjected to WBV. The study consisted of a single session of WBV with volunteers standing upright for 10 min on the oscillating platform, with frequency of vibration set at 20 Hz (displacement ± 6 mm; orbital vibration). Pre (baseline) and post-WBV electrocardiograph signals were acquired using a cardiac monitor; and data were statistically analyzed using paired Student's t-test or Wilcoxon test, as appropriate.Results
The results demonstrated an increase in SDNN (standard deviation (SD) beat-to-beat, N–N intervals), rMSSD (square root of the mean squared difference of successive N–Ns) and pNN50 (proportion of N–N50 divided by total number of N–Ns) post WBV (p = 0.032, p = 0.024 e p = 0.044, respectively), compared to baseline. The present study thus demonstrated that time domain variables (i.e., SDNN, rMSSD, and pNN50) increase post WBV.Conclusions
Older individuals are at high risk of developing cardiovascular diseases. As seen in the study, WBV improves HRV; and may help reduce risk of cardiac ailments. Moreover, WBV does not require extensive physical activity on the part of the participant. This makes WBV potentially beneficial to the elderly population. Further studies on WBV using different frequencies and training schedules may improve its applicability in clinics. 相似文献999.
T Sano M Ogawa K Taniguchi H Matsuda T Nakajima J Arisawa Y Shimazaki S Nakano Y Kawashima 《Circulation》1989,79(6):1247-1256
To elucidate the ventricular contractile state and function in patients with univentricular heart, the ventricular volume, mass, ejection phase index, and wall stress were evaluated with biplane ventriculography and pressure measurement in 41 patients: 18 with left ventricular (LV) type (age, 6.4 +/- 6.1 years) and 23 with right ventricular (RV) type (age, 5.7 +/- 4.1 years), and data from patients with univentricular heart were compared with data from 19 normal control subjects (age, 7.2 +/- 4.3 years). Although the end-diastolic and end-systolic volumes were significantly greater in both types of univentricular heart than in the normal control group, the volumes for the LV and RV type patients did not differ from each other. The ejection fraction (EF) was depressed in both patient types of univentricular heart and was significantly (p less than 0.005) lower in the RV type than in the LV type patients (0.56 +/- 0.05 for LV type, 0.50 +/- 0.07 for RV type, and 0.64 +/- 0.03 for the control group). The ventricular mass was larger in both patient types of univentricular heart than in that of the control group, whereas the ratio of ventricular mass to end-diastolic volume was significantly (p less than 0.001) lower in the RV type patients than in the LV type patients and the control group (0.79 +/- 0.18 g/ml for LV type, 0.51 +/- 0.10 for RV type, and 0.82 +/- 0.13 for control group). End-systolic stress was significantly elevated in both types of univentricular heart (241 +/- 45 for LV type, 328 +/- 52 for RV type, and 205 +/- 26 kdynes/cm2 for the control group) and significantly (p less than 0.001) greater in the RV type than in the LV type patients. There was a significant inverse correlation (p less than 0.001) between end-systolic stress and the ratio of mass to end-diastolic volume in all the patients. In 27 patients (12 patients for LV type, 15 for RV type) the mean normalized systolic ejection rate corrected for heart rate (MNSERc) clearly fell below the 95% confidence limit of the normal end-systolic stress-MNSERc relation. The end-systolic stress:end-systolic volume ratio was also significantly depressed in both patient types of univentricular heart (3.49 +/- 1.77 for LV type, 4.07 +/- 2.13 for RV type, and 7.20 +/- 1.32 for the control group). In these variables, however, there were no significant differences between LV and RV type patients of univentricular heart.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS) 相似文献
1000.
T‐type Ca2+ channels have properties different from those of the L‐type and are involved in cardiac pacemaking and regulation of blood flow, but not in myocardial contraction. Efonidipine is an antihypertensive and antianginal drug with dihydropyridine structure that was recently found to block both L‐ and T‐type Ca2+ channels. In isolated myocardial and vascular preparations, efonidipine has potent negative chronotropic and vasodilator effects but only a weak negative inotropic effect. In experimental animals and patients, reduction of blood pressure by the drug was accompanied by no or minimum reflex tachycardia leading to improvement of myocardial oxygen balance and maintenance of cardiac output. Efonidipine increased glomerular filtration rate without increasing intraglomerular pressure. By relaxing both the afferent and efferent arterioles, efonidipine markedly reduced proteinuria. Thus, efonidipine, an L‐ and T‐type dual Ca2+ channel blocker, appears to have an ideal profile as an antihypertensive and antianginal drug with organ‐protective effects in the heart and kidney. 相似文献