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11.
PurposeVitamin D deficiency is a potential risk factor for cardiometabolic disease. We investigated the associations between vitamin D and dyslipidemia and the metabolic syndrome in patients with rheumatoid arthritis, a group at high risk for cardiovascular disease.MethodsSerum 25(OH)vitamin D and lipoprotein levels were measured at baseline in a random sample of 499 participants, ages 18-85 years, enrolled in a randomized trial of golimumab (GOlimumab Before Employing methotrexate as the First-line Option in the treatment of Rheumatoid arthritis of Early onset or GO-BEFORE Trial). Participants had rheumatoid arthritis with active disease, and were naïve to methotrexate and biologic therapies. Multivariable linear regression was performed to assess associations between vitamin D levels and lipoprotein fractions. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to determine the odds of hyperlipidemia and the metabolic syndrome in participants with vitamin D deficiency (<20 ng/mL).ResultsIn multivariable linear regression, vitamin D levels (per 10 ng/mL) were associated inversely with low-density lipoprotein (β: ?0.029 [?0.049, ?0.0091], P = .004) and triglyceride (β: ?0.094 [?0.15, ?0.039] P = .001) levels, adjusted for demographic, cardiovascular, and disease-specific variables. Vitamin D and high-density lipoprotein levels were not associated in univariate or multivariate analyses. Vitamin D deficiency was associated independently with an increased odds of hyperlipidemia (odds ratio 1.72; 95% confidence interval, 1.10-2.45; P = .014) and metabolic syndrome (odds ratio 3.45; 95% confidence interval, 1.75-6.80; P <.001) in adjusted models.ConclusionsIn conclusion, vitamin D deficiency was associated with the metabolic syndrome and dyslipidemia in rheumatoid arthritis, suggesting a potential role in cardiovascular disease risk. Large-scale, prospective studies are needed to determine if vitamin D supplementation improves lipoprotein levels and reduces cardiovascular risk in rheumatoid arthritis.  相似文献   
12.

Background/Aim:

To study the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS), insulin resistance (IR) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in overweight/obese children with clinical hepatomegaly and/or raised alanine aminotransferase (ALT).

Patients and Methods:

Thirty-three overweight and obese children, aged 2-13 years, presenting with hepatomegaly and/or raised ALT, were studied for the prevalence of MS, IR and NAFLD. Laboratory analysis included fasting blood glucose, serum insulin, serum triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) and liver biochemical profile, in addition to liver ultrasound and liver biopsy.

Results:

Twenty patients (60.6%) were labeled with MS. IR was present in 16 (48.4%). Fifteen (44%) patients had biopsy-proven NAFLD. Patients with MS were more likely to have NAFLD by biopsy (P=0.001). Children with NAFLD had significantly higher body mass index, waist circumference, ALT, total cholesterol, LDL-c, TG, fasting insulin, and lower HDL-c compared to patients with normal liver histology (P< 0.05) and fitted more with the criteria of MS (80% vs. 44%). IR was significantly more common among NAFLD patients (73% vs. 28%).

Conclusion:

There is a close association between obesity, MS, IR and NAFLD. Obese children with clinical or biochemical hepatic abnormalities are prone to suffer from MS, IR and NAFLD.  相似文献   
13.

Background:

Therapeutic relevance of computed tomography (CT) in children with partial seizures is reported to be remarkably low (1-2%). However, in the developing countries where infections involving the nervous system are common, routine CT scan of brain may help in finding treatable causes of seizures.

Objective:

Aim of this study was to evaluate the significance of CT scan of brain in the management of children with partial seizures.

Materials and Methods:

Children with partial epilepsy, whose predominant seizure type was focal motor seizures, were included in the study. CT scan of brain was done in all children aged between 1 month and 12 years with partial seizures of unknown etiology prospectively. The clinical findings of these children were noted along with the CT findings.

Results:

Between August 2001 and July 2002, of the 200 children with seizure disorder 50 children who satisfied the inclusion criteria were included in the study. CT scan of brain was normal in 16 children (32%) and was abnormal in 34 children (68%). Twenty children (~60% of abnormal scan) had potentially correctable lesions: Tuberculoma (n = 13), neurocysticercosis (n = 3), and brain abscess (n = 4). Five children had changes representing static pathology that did not influence patient management. The clinical features correlated with CT findings in 78% children.

Conclusion:

Children with partial motor seizures have high probability of having abnormal findings on CT scan of brain, especially, neuro-infections which are potentially treatable. Therefore, CT scan brain should be carried out in all children with partial motor seizures especially, in developing countries.  相似文献   
14.
PurposeThis study was designed to evaluate the role of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for differentiation of parotid gland neoplasms.MethodsProspective study was conducted upon 52 consecutive patients (30 men, 22 women; aged 24–78 years; mean, 51 years) with parotid tumours that underwent multiparametric MRI using combined static MRI, dynamic contrast enhanced (DCE) MRI, and diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI). The static MRI parameter, time signal intensity curves (TIC) derived from DCE-MRI, and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values of parotid tumours were correlated with histopathological findings.ResultsStatic MRI revealed a significant difference between both benign and malignant lesions in regards to margin definition (P < .001) and T2 hypointensity (P < .013), with a diagnostic accuracy 95% and 78.33% respectively. Study of the TIC type on DCE-MRI revealed statistically significant difference between benign and malignant lesions (P < .001) and diagnostic accuracy 96.55%. There was no statistically significant difference (P = .181) between the ADC values of benign and malignant lesions. ROC curve analysis revealed that by using ADC cut-off value of 1 × 10?3 mm2/s had accuracy of 84.62% respectively for differentiating Warthin from malignant tumours that could be modified to higher value (94.28%) by excluding lymphoma from malignant lesions. By using cutoff value of 1.3 × 10?3 mm2/s to differentiate pleomorphic adenoma from malignancy, ROC curve analysis had high accuracy of 97.06%.ConclusionMultiparametric MRI can be used for differentiation of malignant from benign parotid tumours and characterization of some benign parotid tumours.  相似文献   
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This study aims to assess the efficacy of a universal adhesive (Scotchbond Universal, 3M ESPE) (SB) in total-etch mode, compared to a traditional orthodontic primer (Transbond XT Primer, 3M ESPE) (XT Primer), to perform bonding of orthodontic fixed retainers along with the Transbond XT Light Cure Adhesive Paste (3M ESPE). For the in vitro study, a round section wire (Ortosmail Krugg) was bonded using XT Primer for 20 bovine incisors (Group 1) and SB for other 20 (Group 2). Samples were debonded in a universal testing machine applying a tangential force to specimens (crosshead speed of 1 millimeter per minute). Shear bond strength (SBS) and adhesive remnant index (ARI) scores were calculated. For the in vivo study, 100 patients needing upper and lower canine-to-canine fixed retainers after orthodontic treatment were randomly assigned to two groups of 50 participants each, i.e., group 1 (retainer bonding with XT Primer) and group 2 (retainer bonding with SB). Over two years, examinations were carried out monthly, and detachments were registered by considering the teeth and arches affected. In vitro, no statistically significant differences in SBS and ARI scores were demonstrated between the two groups, both showing a mean bond strength of about 12 MPa and major frequency of ARI “2” (>50% remnant adhesive on the enamel). Conversely, a significantly lower failure rate over 2 years was assessed clinically for group 2 in both arches. Independently of the adhesive and arch, incisors reported a significantly higher failure rate than canines. Scotchbond Universal used in total-etch mode could be a valid alternative to the traditional orthodontic Transbond XT Primer.  相似文献   
18.
Electrospinning (ES) has become a straightforward and customizable drug delivery technique for fabricating drug-loaded nanofibers (NFs) using various biodegradable and non-biodegradable polymers. One of NF’s pros is to provide a controlled drug release through managing the NF structure by changing the spinneret type and nature of the used polymer. Electrospun NFs are employed as implants in several applications including, cancer therapy, microbial infections, and regenerative medicine. These implants facilitate a unique local delivery of chemotherapy because of their high loading capability, wide surface area, and cost-effectiveness. Multi-drug combination, magnetic, thermal, and gene therapies are promising strategies for improving chemotherapeutic efficiency. In addition, implants are recognized as an effective antimicrobial drug delivery system overriding drawbacks of traditional antibiotic administration routes such as their bioavailability and dosage levels. Recently, a sophisticated strategy has emerged for wound healing by producing biomimetic nanofibrous materials with clinically relevant properties and desirable loading capability with regenerative agents. Electrospun NFs have proposed unique solutions, including pelvic organ prolapse treatment, viable alternatives to surgical operations, and dental tissue regeneration. Conventional ES setups include difficult-assembled mega-sized equipment producing bulky matrices with inadequate stability and storage. Lately, there has become an increasing need for portable ES devices using completely available off-shelf materials to yield highly-efficient NFs for dressing wounds and rapid hemostasis. This review covers recent updates on electrospun NFs in nanomedicine applications. ES of biopolymers and drugs is discussed regarding their current scope and future outlook.  相似文献   
19.
Objective: This study was done to evaluate the antibacterial effect of chitosan nano-particles (CNPs) root canal irrigant as a new alternative to Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) for disinfection of root canals inoculated with Enterococcus faecalis, with and without laser activation.

Methodology: Sixty single rooted human premolars were decoronated, prepared and had their apical foramina sealed. E. faecalis were incubated in the root canals for 15 days. The teeth were then randomly divided into two experimental groups (n?=?30) according to the disinfection protocol used. In Group I: disinfection was performed using the irrigant solutions only (Saline, 2.5% NaOCl, CNPs). Whereas in Group II, disinfection was done using the same irrigants followed by Diode laser at (980-nm) at 2 W output for 5?×?5?s. Intra-canal bacterial samples were taken before and after canal disinfection to determine the CFU count.

Results: In group I, 2.5% NaOCl was as effective as CNP in eradication and significantly more effective than Saline (p?=?0.008) in eradication of E. faecalis. In Group II, either 2.5% NaOCl or CNP in combination with diode laser irradiation showed a similarly high effect in bacterial eradication.

Conclusions: Within the parameters used in this study, a combination therapy consisting of irrigation followed by diode laser irradiation should be utilized as an effective treatment modality for eliminating E. faecalis from root canal systems.  相似文献   
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