全文获取类型
收费全文 | 3401篇 |
免费 | 144篇 |
国内免费 | 26篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 41篇 |
儿科学 | 51篇 |
妇产科学 | 47篇 |
基础医学 | 338篇 |
口腔科学 | 142篇 |
临床医学 | 211篇 |
内科学 | 825篇 |
皮肤病学 | 46篇 |
神经病学 | 186篇 |
特种医学 | 248篇 |
外科学 | 556篇 |
综合类 | 7篇 |
一般理论 | 1篇 |
预防医学 | 182篇 |
眼科学 | 65篇 |
药学 | 229篇 |
中国医学 | 2篇 |
肿瘤学 | 394篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 22篇 |
2022年 | 37篇 |
2021年 | 53篇 |
2020年 | 26篇 |
2019年 | 42篇 |
2018年 | 51篇 |
2017年 | 40篇 |
2016年 | 39篇 |
2015年 | 41篇 |
2014年 | 71篇 |
2013年 | 88篇 |
2012年 | 120篇 |
2011年 | 141篇 |
2010年 | 85篇 |
2009年 | 67篇 |
2008年 | 127篇 |
2007年 | 142篇 |
2006年 | 145篇 |
2005年 | 154篇 |
2004年 | 150篇 |
2003年 | 140篇 |
2002年 | 171篇 |
2001年 | 147篇 |
2000年 | 174篇 |
1999年 | 137篇 |
1998年 | 57篇 |
1997年 | 37篇 |
1996年 | 32篇 |
1995年 | 41篇 |
1994年 | 29篇 |
1993年 | 27篇 |
1992年 | 93篇 |
1991年 | 86篇 |
1990年 | 62篇 |
1989年 | 81篇 |
1988年 | 58篇 |
1987年 | 58篇 |
1986年 | 70篇 |
1985年 | 59篇 |
1984年 | 44篇 |
1983年 | 36篇 |
1982年 | 15篇 |
1979年 | 32篇 |
1978年 | 20篇 |
1977年 | 23篇 |
1976年 | 17篇 |
1975年 | 26篇 |
1974年 | 22篇 |
1973年 | 19篇 |
1972年 | 21篇 |
排序方式: 共有3571条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
101.
Manabe N Haruma K Ito M Takahashi N Takasugi H Wada Y Nakata H Katoh T Miyamoto M Tanaka S 《Diseases of the esophagus》2012,25(5):373-380
Nonerosive reflux disease (NERD) is the most common form of gastroesophageal reflux disease. Patients with NERD have a lower response rate to proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) than patients with erosive esophagitis when gauged from relief of heartburn. Sodium alginate decreases the acidity of refluxate and protects the esophageal mucosa. However, whether the addition of sodium alginate to PPI therapy can improve NERD symptoms remains unknown. Accordingly, the aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of adding sodium alginate to basal PPI therapy for NERD. Patients who had experienced heartburn on at least 2 days per week during the 1-month period before entering the study and had no endoscopic mucosal breaks (grade M or N according to Hoshihara's modification of the Los Angeles classification) were randomized to one of two treatments for 4 weeks: omeprazole (20 mg once daily) plus sodium alginate (30 mL four times a day) (group A) or omeprazole (20 mg once daily) alone (group B). Eighty-seven patients were enrolled, and 76 patients were randomly assigned to group A (n = 36) or group B (n = 40). Complete resolution of heartburn for at least 7 consecutive days by the end of treatment was significantly more common in group A (56.7%) than in group B (25.7%). One patient from group A had mild drug-related diarrhea that was not clinically serious. In conclusion, omeprazole combined with sodium alginate was better than omeprazole alone in Japanese patients with NERD. 相似文献
102.
Sakae Homma Eiki Takimoto Masateru Kawabata Kazuma Kishi Eiyasu Tsuboi Koji Narui Tatsuo Nakatani Yuko Inagawa Kazuhiro Tateda Keizo Yamaguchi Koichiro Nakata 《Journal of infection and chemotherapy》1998,4(4):214-218
A 77-year-old female was admitted because of high fever, cough and sputum. She had been receiving corticosteroid therapy for
4 years for multiple myeloma and was immunosuppressed. A physical examination on admission showed coarse crackles in the right
lower lung field, a chest radiograph showed consolidation in the right middle and lower lung fields, and a blood gas analysis
revealed marked hypoxemia. The patient was diagnosed as having refractory pneumonia associated with acute respiratory failure
and treated with intravenous cefmetazole followed by imipenem. On hospital day 5, erythromycin therapy was started because
of a poor response to the previous antibiotics. The patient became afebrile on the tenth day and was in good health on day
15. A sputum culture on day 4 revealed aLegionella organism on Wadowsky-Yee-Okuda medium, which was subsequently confirmed to beLegionella pneumophila by a DNA hybridization test. This strain was identified at the Centers for Disease Control (Atlanta, GA, USA) by slide agglutination
asL. pneumophila serogroup 9. Although our patient's symptoms are not apparently different from those caused by other serogroup strains ofL. pneumophila, this is the first recognized patient with culture-provenL. pneumophila serogroup 9 pneumonia in Japan. The clinical course of the disease and the diagnostic difficulties in identifying this type
of pneumonia are discussed. 相似文献
103.
Mitsumasa Hata M. Shiono Y. Orime K. Nakata A. Sezai H. Yamada T. Saito Y. Sezai 《Artificial organs》1996,20(5):678-680
Abstract: To estimate coronary microcirculation during left heart bypass (LHB), we performed an experimental comparison study of LHB and intraaortic balloon pumping (1ABP). LHB was performed with a BioMedicus BP-80 pump supporting half of the flow of cardiac output whereas the IABP was pumped in a 1:1 mode for cardiogenic shock in a swine model. Coronary circulations were analyzed by electromagnetic flowmeter, pulsed Doppler velocimeter, and laser Doppler flowmeter. Left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP) was reduced significantly by LHB. Although there was no significant difference in epicardial flow between the LHB and IABP groups, endocardial flow was increased significantly by LHB. In the LHB group, the systolic reverse wave of the coronary velocity called a myocardial invalid circulation was reduced remarkably. There was a significant inverse correlation between endocardial flow and LVEDP. These results suggested that LHB was more effective for myocardial microcirculation than was IABP. 相似文献
104.
Kawahito S Nakata K Nonaka K Sato T Yoshikawa M Takano T Maeda T Linneweber J Schulte-Eistrup S Flowers D Glueck J Nosé Y 《Artificial organs》2000,24(7):580-583
The arterial blood pressure waveform is variable during left ventricular assistance. The aim of this study is to examine the correlation between the left ventricular assist device (LVAD) condition and the arterial blood pressure waveform in a fixed cardiac output condition using a mock circuit. This mock circulation loop was composed of an aortic compliance chamber, a left atrial compliance chamber, a pneumatic pulsatile pump as a native heart, and a rotary blood pump representing the LVAD with left atrial drainage. The Fast Fourier Transform technique was utilized to analyze the arterial blood pressure waveform and calculate the pulsatility index (PI) and the pulse power index (PPI). The PI and PPI decreased with the increase of the LVAD rotational speed, exponentially. There was a significant negative correlation between the PI, PPI, and the LVAD rotational speed, flow rate, and assist ratio. The best correlation was observed between the PPI and the assist ratio (r = 0.986). From this viewpoint, an ideal LVAD condition may be estimated from the pulsatility change of the arterial blood pressure waveform. 相似文献
105.
Masakuni Noguchi Shigehiro Tanaka Takayoshi Akiyama Itsuo Miyazaki Takatoshi Michigishi Norihisa Tonami Kin-ichi Hisada Shintaroh Terahata Fujitsugu Matsubara 《Surgery today》1984,14(2):110-117
Clinicopathological studies were carried out on 27 patients with minimal thyroid cancer and 56 with ordinary thyroid cancer
at Kanazawa University, from April, 1979 to December, 1982. There was a significant difference in the rate of preoperative
diagnosis between the minimal and the ordinary cancer groups. Subtotal thyroidectomy with modified neck dissection was usually
performed in both groups. The histological types in minimal cancer group included 16 papillary carcinomas, 7 nonencapsulated
sclerosing carcinomas, one follicular carcinoma, one anaplastic carcinoma with squamous cell metaplasia and two multiple mixed
carcinomas. There was no significant difference in the rates of intrathyroidal and lymph node metastases between the two groups.
While the metastatic lesions of sclerosing carcinoma were localized to the central cervical lymph nodes, the ordinary cancer
in general and the papillary variant of minimal cancer metastasized not only to the central cervical lymph nodes but also
to the ipsilateral and even to the contralateral jugular lymph nodes. 相似文献
106.
107.
Dr. Yasushi Shiratori MD Tateo Kawase Ryo Nakata Mitsugu Tanaka Yohko Hikiba Ken 'Ichi Okano Masayuki Matsumura Yasuro Niwa Yutaka Komatsu Shuichiro Shiina Masao Omato 《Digestive diseases and sciences》1995,40(11):2398-2406
We have previously demonstrated that administration of killed streptococcal preparation (OK432), a biological response modifier, increased the number of asialo GM1-positive cells in the liver, enhanced NK activity of hepatic mononuclear cells, and reduced the number of hepatic metastases of colon 38 adenocarcinoma that were inoculated into the superior mesenteric vein of C57BL/6 strain mice. In the present study, to clarify the role of the spleen in immune surveillance of the liver, the effect of splenectomy on hepatic metastasis of colon carcinoma and on hepatic NK activity has been examined. The number of hepatic metastasis increased in the splenectomized mice, compared with that in sham-operated mice. Administration of OK432 increased the number of asialo GM1-positive cells in the liver and enhanced NK activity of hepatic mononuclear cells in both groups, but NK activity of hepatic mononuclear cells in the splenectomized mice was less than that of the sham-operated mice. An enhanced NK activity of these cells was abolished by treatment with anti-asialo-GM1 antibody plus complementin vitro. Interleukin-2 mRNA expression was increased in the spleen 2 hr after OK432 administration and persisted until 8 hr, but was scarcely noted in the liver. On the other hand, NK activity of hepatic mononuclear cells in the asialo GM1-positive cell-depleted (previous administration of antiserum against asialo GM1) mice was enhanced after OK432 administration in the sham operated and splenectomized mice, but an enhanced NK activity in these mice was only partially or not at all abolished by treatment with anti-asialo GM1 antibody plus complementin vitro, respectively. These results suggest that the spleen could play an important role in an immune surveillance of the liver. In addition, OK432 first enhanced NK activity of hepatic mononuclear cells, which are sensitive to the antibody against asialo GM1. However, when asialo GM1-positive cells were depleted, OK432 enhanced NK activity of hepatic mononuclear cells, which are resistant to anti-asialo GM1 serum. 相似文献
108.
Hideki Ioi Shunsuke Nakata Akihiko Nakasima Amy L Counts 《American journal of orthodontics and dentofacial orthopedics》2005,128(2):206-211
INTRODUCTION: Soft tissue analysis is a basic tool in planning orthodontic treatment. However, the components of a well-balanced Japanese facial profile have not yet been established. The purpose of this study was to assess the most-favored or most well-balanced profile from a series of facial silhouettes with varying anteroposterior lip positions by a group of Japanese orthodontists and a group of young adult Japanese dental students. METHODS: Average female and male profiles were constructed from the profiles of 30 Japanese men and women with normal occlusions. The lips in each average profile were protruded or retruded in 1-mm increments, and the 13 images were arranged with the average profile in the center. Forty two orthodontists and 42 dental students were asked to select the 3 most-favored, well-balanced profiles for each sex and rank them in order of preference. RESULTS: Both the orthodontists and the students preferred a profile with slightly retruded lips. The dental students favored a more retruded lip position for women. The least-favored profile was the most protrusive. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that Japanese orthodontists and young adults prefer a retruded profile, even though Japanese profiles have historically been characterized by more convex facial features. 相似文献
109.
Hayasaki H Sawami T Saitoh I Nakata S Yamasaki Y Nakata M 《Journal of oral rehabilitation》2002,29(11):1120-1125
The purpose of this study was to estimate the length of the occlusal glide during gum chewing at the lower incisal point. Mandibular excursions with occlusal contacts in 25 females with permanent dentition were recorded using an optoelectronic system that can measure mandibular movement with 6 d.f. at a sampling frequency of 100 Hz. A curved mesh diagram of incisor coordinates during maximum mandibular excursions (CMDME) was plotted. Gum chewing movement was also measured using the same system and computer software which divided the chewing movement into cycles at each maximum opening position. Each cycle was standardized at 0.1 mm intervals from the most closed position. Finally, the distance between the CMDME and each position of the incisor during a chewing cycle was calculated. Whenever, this distance was less than 0.2 mm opposing teeth were considered to be in contact. The occlusal glide was defined as the distance travelled by the lower incisal point as the mandible moved along occlusal contacts of the CMDME. The vertical coordinates at the beginning of the occlusal glide (during closing) and at the end of occlusal glide (during opening) were also calculated. The lengths of the occlusal glide pathway averaged 1.29 mm during closing and 1.55 mm during opening, a total length of 2.84 mm. Mean vertical coordinates at the beginning and end of the glide were -0.95 and -1.12 mm from intercuspal position, respectively. 相似文献
110.
Kondo M Nakata J Arai N Izumo T Tagaya E Takeyama K Tamaoki J Nagai A 《Allergology international》2012,61(1):133-142
Background: Human Ca2 +-activated Cl ion channel 1 (hCLCAl) is expressed in goblet cell hyperplasia in the airway of asthmatics, and murine CLCA3 is associated with antigen-sensitized and IL-13-induced goblet cell metaplasia in mice. However, the role of CLCA in goblet cell degranulation is not fully investigated. Niflumic acid (NFA), a relatively specific CLCA inhibitor, inhibits goblet cell metaplasia, but the effect of NFA on goblet cell degranulation has not been determined in an asthma model.Methods: Guinea pigs were sensitized with ovalbumin (OA) twice and then challenged with saline, OA, histamine, and one of the Ca2 + -dependent secretagogues, UTP. The PAS/AB-stained mucus area in the tracheal epithelium was measured with a computer image analysis system, and the morphology of mucus granules was examined by transmission electron microscopy. In the in vitro experiment, goblet cells cultured with IL-13 at the air-liquid interface were stimulated with UTP in the presence or absence of NFA, and the MUC5AC level in cell lysates was measured by ELISA.Results: The mucus areas were smaller in the OA-, histamine-, and UTP-challenged animals than in the saline-challenged animals. NFA inhibited the decrease in mucus area and morphological changes in mucus granules. UTP caused swelling and exocytosis of mucus granules and MUC5AC secretion by cultured goblet cells, and NFA inhibited these changes.Conclusions: NFA inhibited the secretory response of mucus granules in an asthma model, suggesting that CLCA may be associated with goblet cell degranulation and that CLCA inhibitors may be useful for the treatment of hypersecretion in asthma. 相似文献