Primary malignant tumor of the aorta

Primary malignant tumors of the aorta are extremely rare. Review of the literature indicates that there are only 21 recorded cases of primary malignant tumors of the aorta. The purpose of this article is to record an additional case of primary malignant tumor of the aorta.     

The discovery of herbal drugs and natural compounds as inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro

Journal of Natural Medicines - The emergence of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic in 2019 has led to a global health crisis. Mutations of the SARS-CoV-2...     

Perception and attitude of providers toward pain and anxiety associated with pediatric vaccine injection

Despite the many options available for control of the pain and anxiety during vaccine injections, they are not often used. A total of 70 primary care providers (PCPs) were asked to rate their perception of pain and anxiety associated with vaccine injection in an average 4- to 6-year-old using a visual analog scale-0 (no pain/anxiety) to 10 (very severe pain/anxiety)-as well as perceived barriers. The mean PCPs' perception of pain associated with vaccine injection was 5.7 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 5.3-6.1), and perceived anxiety was 7.7 (95% CI = 7.2-8.1). Trainees recorded higher perceived anxiety than attending physicians (8.0 vs 6.9; P = .03)]. Of the respondents, 63 (90%) felt that pain and anxiety control is achievable in their office setting. Nevertheless, only 8 (11%) PCPs had ordered any pain and anxiety control measures during vaccine injection. There is a gap between the PCPs' perception of pain and anxiety and practice of pain and anxiety control measures during vaccine injection.     

Pediatric neurologic potpourri: cases to remember

Neurological emergencies are many and varied. While some emergencies occur commonly, others are seen more infrequently and can create diagnostic dilemmas. The four cases presented in this paper are intended to expose the reader to uncommon yet consequential cases that can pass through the emergency department. In each case we identify key concerns and offer up-to-date information on the patient management.     

Micro‐computed tomography assessment of root dentin around fluoride‐releasing restorations after demineralization/remineralization

Using micro‐computed tomography (micro‐CT), this study assessed the inhibitory effect of three different types of restorations on root‐caries formation under a cariogenic challenge. Bovine‐root dentin blocks with a cylindrical cavity were divided into three restoration groups: a fluoride‐free self‐etch adhesive and a resin composite (SE‐ES); a self‐etch adhesive and a resin composite with multi‐ion release (FL‐BF); and a glass ionomer cement (Fuji‐VII). After the restorative procedures, the specimens were stored in artificial saliva for 1 d, then subjected to a demineralization solution for 4 d and a remineralization solution for 28 d. Mineral density and mean mineral loss of dentin around the restorations were measured using micro‐CT. The mean mineral loss values of dentin around the restorations were highest among SE‐ES restorations and lowest among Fuji‐VII restorations. Fuji‐VII showed the highest mineral density and the lowest mineral loss after 28 d of remineralization. The observations made by scanning electron microscopy demonstrated that Fuji‐VII created the smallest outer lesion followed by FL‐BF and SE‐ES. Fuji‐VII has a larger inhibitory effect on root caries around the restorations and enhances remineralization more effectively than either FL‐BF or SE‐ES. Multi‐ion and fluoride release from the restorative materials may be beneficial for inhibition of root‐dentin caries around the restorations.