全文获取类型
收费全文 | 2751篇 |
免费 | 132篇 |
国内免费 | 16篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 57篇 |
儿科学 | 115篇 |
妇产科学 | 42篇 |
基础医学 | 252篇 |
口腔科学 | 74篇 |
临床医学 | 200篇 |
内科学 | 604篇 |
皮肤病学 | 28篇 |
神经病学 | 159篇 |
特种医学 | 107篇 |
外科学 | 638篇 |
综合类 | 24篇 |
一般理论 | 2篇 |
预防医学 | 212篇 |
眼科学 | 18篇 |
药学 | 115篇 |
中国医学 | 6篇 |
肿瘤学 | 246篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 3篇 |
2023年 | 22篇 |
2022年 | 30篇 |
2021年 | 84篇 |
2020年 | 64篇 |
2019年 | 81篇 |
2018年 | 114篇 |
2017年 | 60篇 |
2016年 | 74篇 |
2015年 | 83篇 |
2014年 | 110篇 |
2013年 | 158篇 |
2012年 | 231篇 |
2011年 | 239篇 |
2010年 | 121篇 |
2009年 | 113篇 |
2008年 | 200篇 |
2007年 | 207篇 |
2006年 | 167篇 |
2005年 | 142篇 |
2004年 | 92篇 |
2003年 | 90篇 |
2002年 | 74篇 |
2001年 | 23篇 |
2000年 | 24篇 |
1999年 | 20篇 |
1998年 | 24篇 |
1997年 | 8篇 |
1996年 | 11篇 |
1995年 | 13篇 |
1994年 | 11篇 |
1993年 | 10篇 |
1992年 | 19篇 |
1991年 | 17篇 |
1990年 | 30篇 |
1989年 | 16篇 |
1988年 | 15篇 |
1987年 | 24篇 |
1986年 | 14篇 |
1985年 | 9篇 |
1984年 | 12篇 |
1978年 | 4篇 |
1977年 | 3篇 |
1975年 | 4篇 |
1974年 | 2篇 |
1973年 | 5篇 |
1972年 | 4篇 |
1971年 | 2篇 |
1969年 | 4篇 |
1967年 | 3篇 |
排序方式: 共有2899条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
91.
Ebba Norsted Gregory Ada Delaney Sally AbdelMoaty Duygu B. Bas Simone Codeluppi Gustaf Wigerblad Camilla I. Svensson 《Journal of neuroscience research》2013,91(2):300-312
Astrocyte activation is an important feature in many disorders of the central nervous system, including chronic pain conditions. Activation of astrocytes is characterized by a change in morphology, including hypertrophy and increased size of processes, proliferation, and an increased production of proinflammatory mediators. The xanthine derivatives pentoxifylline and propentofylline are commonly used experimentally as glial inhibitors. These compounds are generally believed to attenuate glial activity by raising cyclic AMP (cAMP) levels and inhibiting glial tumor necrosis factor (TNF) production. In the present study, we show that these substances inhibit TNF and serum‐induced astrocyte proliferation and signaling through the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway, demonstrated by decreased levels of phosphorylated S6 kinase (S6K), commonly used as a marker of mTOR complex (mTORC) activation. Furthermore, we show that pentoxifylline and propentofylline also inhibit JNK and p38, but not ERK, activation induced by TNF. In addition, the JNK antagonist SP600125, but not the p38 inhibitor SB203580, prevents TNF‐induced activation of S6 kinase, suggesting that pentoxifylline and propentofylline may regulate mTORC activity in spinal astrocytes partially through inhibition of the JNK pathway. Our results suggest that pentoxifylline and propentofylline inhibit astrocyte activity in a broad fashion by attenuating flux through specific pathways. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 相似文献
92.
Vince B. C. Biemans Jasmijn A. M. Sleutjes Annemarie C. de Vries Alexander G. L. Bodelier Gerard Dijkstra Bas Oldenburg Mark Löwenberg Adriaan A. van Bodegraven Andrea E. van der Meulen-de Jong Nanne K. H. de Boer Nidhi Srivastava Rachel L. West Tessa E. H. Römkens Carmen S. Horjus Talabur Horje Jeroen M. Jansen C. Janneke van der Woude Jildou Hoekstra Rinse K. Weersma Fiona D. M. van Schaik Frank Hoentjen Marieke J. Pierik the Dutch Initiative on Crohn Colitis 《Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics》2020,51(9):880-888
93.
94.
95.
The effectiveness of medical and vocational interventions for reducing sick leave of self‐employed workers 下载免费PDF全文
We investigate whether interventions by (a) medical doctors and (b) occupational specialists are effective in reducing sick leave durations among self‐employed workers. Therefore, we exploit unique administrative data comprising all sick leave claims by self‐employed workers insured with a major Dutch private insurer between January 2009 and March 2014. We estimate a multivariate duration model dealing with nonrandom selection into the two intervention types by controlling for observable and unobservable claimant characteristics. We find adverse treatment effects for both interventions, irrespective of whether they are started early or (middle) late in the sickness spell. 相似文献
96.
Dogger Melissa N. Fransen Bas L. Sierevelt Inger N. Nolte Peter A. 《European journal of orthopaedic surgery & traumatology : orthopedie traumatologie》2020,30(5):885-893
European Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery & Traumatology - There remains disagreement about the use of cemented or uncemented total hip arthroplasty (THA) for patients with a displaced... 相似文献
97.
Teke Kerem Yaprak Bayrak Busra Yuksekkaya Mustafa Uslubas Ali Kemal Kosem Mehmet Esat Yilmaz Hasan Kara Onder Dillioglugil Ozdal 《International urology and nephrology》2020,52(12):2289-2299
International Urology and Nephrology - We aimed to assess an “Immunological Profile (IP)” including CD8+ and FoxP3+ T lymphocytes for renal cell carcinoma (RCC) to evaluate its effects... 相似文献
98.
Egemen Altan Kerem Aydin Omer Erkocak Hakan Senaran Serdar Ugras 《International orthopaedics》2014,38(6):1321-1328
Purpose
This study investigated the efficacy of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) on articular surfaces on which the mosaicplasty technique was performed. Our hypothesis was that PRP can accelerate the osseointegration process and enhance the quality of articular integrity after the mosaicplasty procedure.Methods
Standard defects were created in the femoral groove of both patellofemoral joints of 12 New Zealand rabbits. PRP solution was placed inside the defect before fixation of the osteochondral autografts and injected inside the involved joint after capsular closure of the tested knees. The contralateral knees served as the control sides. The animals were euthanized three or six weeks after mosaicplasty, and both limbs were assessed according to Pineda’s histological grading scale. Significance level was set at p ≤ 0.05 a priori, and the Mann–Whitney U test was used for statistical analysis.Results
Histologic findings at the interface between the transferred autograft and the original cartilage revealed better integration of the adjacent surfaces in the mosaicplasty with PRP group three weeks after the procedure; the difference was significant (p < 0.05). However, no significant difference in the transition zone was observed between the groups six weeks after the experiment (p = 0.59).Conclusions
Our animal model showed that adjunctive use of PRP produced a better healing response and resulted in superior histological scores after three weeks compared with the mosaicplasty-only procedure. Interpretation of our results is important in terms of rapid return to previous activity levels. Thus, application of PRP can represent a valid therapeutic option for improving the efficacy of mosaicplasty by stimulating the local healing response. 相似文献99.
Sylvette Bas Axel Finckh Gabor J. Puskas Domizio Suva Pierre Hoffmeyer Cem Gabay Anne Lübbeke 《International orthopaedics》2014,38(12):2577-2583
Purpose
Our aim was to investigate whether serum and synovial-fluid (SF) concentrations of interleukin-6 (IL-6), leptin, adiponectin, resistin or visfatin are associated with joint pain in hip and knee in end-stage osteoarthritis (OA).Methods
A cross-sectional study assessing patients with hip and knee OA undergoing total joint arthroplasty between January and December 2010 was conducted at a large university hospital. Serum and SF cytokine and adipokine concentrations were determined in samples obtained on the day of surgery. The main outcome was pain severity measured pre-operatively using the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) and visual analogue scale (VAS) pain scores.Results
A total of 206 patients were involved (112 with hip and 94 with knee OA). Median age was 72 years [interquartile range (IQR) 66–79], 59 % were women. All adipokine levels were significantly higher in the SF of hip joints than in that of knee joints, except for leptin, which tended to be higher in the knee. In both hip and knee OA, median serum concentrations of leptin, adiponectin, resistin and visfatin exceeded those in SF, whereas for IL-6, median concentrations were much higher in SF than in serum. In hip OA, worse pain was significantly associated with high SF concentrations of IL-6, visfatin and leptin; in knee OA, it was associated with high SF leptin and low SF adiponectin concentrations and a low adiponectin–leptin ratio.Conclusion
Our findings support a connection between intra-articular concentrations of several adipokines and severity of preoperative OA pain. However, the specific adipokines differed by joints: in hip OA, pain was associated with IL-6 and visfatin and in knee OA with adiponectin; leptin played a role in both hip and knee OA. 相似文献100.
Oscar R. Brouwer Nynke S. van den Berg Hanna M. Mathéron Henk G. van der Poel Bas W. van Rhijn Axel Bex Harm van Tinteren Renato A. Valdés Olmos Fijs W.B. van Leeuwen Simon Horenblas 《European urology》2014