Objective Detection of HPV DNA in oral and genital lesions of a heterosexual male. 4 months after oral and vaginal intercourse with a woman with vulvar warts. Passible modes of acquisition of oral HPV infection in the male sexual partner are discussed. Setting Genitourinary Medicine clinic. Methods Polymerase chain reaction amplification of genomic DNA from oral and genital lesions. HPV DNA typing by dot blot hybridization. Results HPV DNA types 6 and 11 were identified in a polypoid tongue lesion and in a penile wart from the male sexual partner. Conclusions The acquisition of oral HPV infection in the male sexual partner may have resulted from genital-oral HPV transfer, either by direct contact with vulvar warts or by digital self-inoculation. 相似文献
Little is known about oral health care behaviors of community-dwelling, cognitively impaired elderly (CIE) persons. Few studies have been conducted regarding the actual provision of oral care for CIE persons or the attitudes and concerns about oral health among their caregivers. The CIE person's ability to perform self-care decreases over time, and the role of the caregiver in daily oral care becomes increasingly important. The purpose of this pilot study was to explore the attitudes toward oral health and identify related concerns among caregivers who care for community-dwelling CIE persons. Caregivers were surveyed by means of a self-administered, mailed questionnaire. To maintain confidentiality, an intermediary was used for recruitment and data collection. Overall, 148 caregivers were invited by an intermediary to participate in the survey; only 21 (14%) consented to participate and returned the questionnaire. This paper discusses some of the numerous methodological challenges identified when an attempt was made to survey caregivers' attitudes toward and barriers to providing oral care for a dependent CIE. 相似文献
Background: Ketamine is a potent bronchodilator that, in clinically used concentrations, relaxes airway smooth muscle in part by a direct effect. This study explored the role of calcium concentration (Ca2+) in this relaxation.
Methods: Canine trachea smooth muscle strips were loaded with the fluorescent probe fura-2 and mounted in a spectrophotometric system to measure force and intracellular calcium concentration ([Ca2+]i) simultaneously. Calcium influx was estimated using a manganese quenching technique. Cyclic nucleotides in the airway smooth muscle strips were measured by radioimmunoassay.
Results: In smooth muscle strips stimulated with submaximal (0.1 micro Meter) and maximal (10 micro Meter) concentrations of acetylcholine, ketamine caused a concentration-dependent decrease in force and [Ca2+]i. The sensitivity of the force response to ketamine significantly decreased as the intensity of muscarinic receptor stimulation increased; the median effective concentration for relaxation induced by ketamine was 59 micro Meter and 850 micro Meter for tissue contracted by 0.1 micro Meter or 10 micro Meter acetylcholine, respectively (P < 0.05). In contrast, the sensitivity of the [Ca2+] sub i response did not depend on the intensity of muscarinic receptor stimulation. Ketamine at 1 mM significantly inhibited calcium influx. Ketamine did not significantly increase cyclic nucleotide concentrations. 相似文献
Book Reviews : RESPIRATORY DISORDERS Susan F. Wilson & June M. Thompson Book Reviews : PROCEEDINGS FROM THE FIRST COLLOQUIUM ON PREVENTING SECONDARY DISABILITIES AMONG PEOPLE WITH SPINAL CORD INJURY Philip L. Graitcer & Frederick M. Maynard (Eds.) Book Reviews : KRUSEN'S HANDBOOK OF PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION (4th ed.) Frederick J. Kottke & Justus F. Lehmann (Eds.) Book Reviews : PSYCHOLOGICAL MANAGEMENT OF TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURIES IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS Ellen Lehr Book Reviews : TRAUMA, TRANSFORMATION, AND HEALING John P. Wilson, Brunner/Mazel Book Reviews : REHABILITATION AND DISABILITY: PSYCHOSOCIAL CASE STUDIES E. Davis Martin, Jr., & Gerald L. Gandy, Charles C. Thomas 相似文献
‘Wandering’ is one of the most troublesome of behavioural problems in dementia. The term ‘wandering’ covers many different types of behaviour. We examined the hypothesis that the different types of wandering behaviour seen in dementia from a scale using data collected on 83 elderly subjects suffering from either Alzheimer's disease or multiinfarct dementia. We reject the scaling hypothesis. Our data suggest that there are three main categories of wandering behaviour, and that one of these categories is usefully divided into four subcategories. 相似文献
For 3 months in 1969 a family in the United States that included a pregnant mother consumed pork containing methylmercury. Children, aged 20, 13, and 8 years and a neonate, developed severe neurological signs. Twenty-two years later, the 2 oldest had cortical blindness or constricted visual fields, diminished hand proprioception, choreoathetosis, and atentional deficits. Magnetic resonance images showed tissue loss in the calcarine and parietal cortices and cerebellar folia. The youngest had quadriplegia, blindness, and severe mental retradation until their deaths. The brain of the 8-year-old who died at age 30 showed cortical atrophy, neuronal loss, and gliosis, most pronounced in the paracentral and parietooccipital regions. The total mercury level in formalin-fixed, left occipital cortex was 1,974 ng/gm as measured by atomic absorption. Regional brain mercury levels correlated with extent of brain damage. A control patient had 38.5 ng of mercury/gm in the occipital cortex. Systemic organs in the patient and a control subject had comparable mercury levels. In mercury-intoxicated rats, we found that only 5 to 10% of total brain mercury was lost by formalin fixation. Brain inorganic mercury in the patient ranged from 82 to 100%. Since inorganic mercury crosses the blood-brain barrier poorly, biotransformation of methyl to inorganic mercury may have occurred after methylmercury crossed the blood-brain barrier, accounting for its persistence in brain and causing part of the brain damage. 相似文献
On inpatient psychiatric units, nurses control the tone, pace, and activity level of the environment. But under the influence of factors such as high patient acuity and negative group contagion, a milieu can become unacceptably loud and chaotic. A volatile milieu is a potentially dangerous environment because patients' anxiety and agitation can quickly lead to acting out and aggression. This article focuses on how nurses can regain control of a milieu spiralling into chaos by tightening the structure of the routine, anticipating potential problems, and maintaining a confident calm manner. The charge nurse orchestrates the staff group's response to escalation through detailed planning, decisive interventions, and strategic use of every available resource. 相似文献