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21.
Karthik Ramakrishnan Cynthia Scott Pavithra Sarda. K Narayanan Vivek Chandran Saravanan 《Journal of cranio-maxillo-facial surgery》2021,49(6):488-493
This retrospective study aims to evaluate the correlation between the shape of the mandibular condylar head and the incidence of unilateral condylar fracture using computed tomography.Medical records of patients diagnosed with unilateral condylar fractures from the year 2012–2019 were reviewed. The shape of the condylar head on the non - fractured side was analysed using a Radiant Dicom Viewer. The analysis was done using both visual and analytical methods. In the analytical method, a horizontal line was drawn at the base of the curvature of the condylar head. The highest peak point of the head was marked, and a perpendicular line was drawn connecting the highest point to the horizontal line. The shape was categorized into four types as convex, flat, angled, and round based on these lines.201 CT scans were examined, of which 69 were excluded as they did not meet the inclusion criteria. The remaining 132 were included in our study. On examining the shape, flat-shaped condyle was seen in 57 scans (43.2%), followed by convex in 31 scans (23.4%), angled in 30 (22.7%) and round in 14 scans (10.6%). The relationship between the shape of the mandibular condylar head and the incidence of unilateral condylar fracture was analysed using a chi-square test, which showed high statistical significance (p value 0.0001). The flat-shaped condylar head was more prone to fracture, and the round-shaped condylar head was least prone to fracture.In conclusion, the shape of the mandibular condylar head had a statistically significant association with the incidence of unilateral condylar fracture. The assessment of the shape of the condylar head can be taken as a guide to suspect condylar fractures and other associated mandibular fractures. 相似文献
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Sean Molloy Maggie Lai Guy Pratt Karthik Ramasamy David Wilson Nasir Quraishi Martin Auger David Cumming Maqsood Punekar Michael Quinn Debo Ademonkun Fenella Willis Jane Tighe Gordon Cook Alistair Stirling Timothy Bishop Cathy Williams Bronek Boszczyk Jeremy Reynolds Mel Grainger Niall Craig Alastair Hamilton Isobel Chalmers Sam Ahmedzai Susanne Selvadurai Eric Low Charalampia Kyriakou the UK Spinal Myeloma Working Group 《British journal of haematology》2015,171(3):332-343
Myeloma is one of the most common malignancies that results in osteolytic lesions of the spine. Complications, including pathological fractures of the vertebrae and spinal cord compression, may cause severe pain, deformity and neurological sequelae. They may also have significant consequences for quality of life and prognosis for patients. For patients with known or newly diagnosed myeloma presenting with persistent back or radicular pain/weakness, early diagnosis of spinal myeloma disease is therefore essential to treat and prevent further deterioration. Magnetic resonance imaging is the initial imaging modality of choice for the evaluation of spinal disease. Treatment of the underlying malignancy with systemic chemotherapy together with supportive bisphosphonate treatment reduces further vertebral damage. Additional interventions such as cement augmentation, radiotherapy, or surgery are often necessary to prevent, treat and control spinal complications. However, optimal management is dependent on the individual nature of the spinal involvement and requires careful assessment and appropriate intervention throughout. This article reviews the treatment and management options for spinal myeloma disease and highlights the value of defined pathways to enable the proper management of patients affected by it. 相似文献
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V. Rangarajan B. Gajapathi P. B. Yogesh M. Mohamed Ibrahim R. Ganesh Kumar Prasanna Karthik 《Journal of Indian Prosthodontic Society》2015,15(3):200-205
Occlusion and its relationship to the function of the stomatognathic system have been widely studied in dentistry since many decades. This series of articles describe about occlusion in the complete denture, fixed partial denture, and implants. Part I and II of this articles series describe concepts and philosophies of occlusion in complete denture. So far, available research has not concluded a superior tooth form or occlusal scheme to satisfy the requirements of completely edentulous patients with respect to comfort, mastication, phonetics, and esthetics. Since then, several balanced and nonbalanced articulation concepts were proposed in the literature. A balanced articulation appears to be most appropriate because of tooth contacts observed during nonfunctional activities of patients. This article discusses about evolution of different concepts of occlusion and occlusal schemes in complete denture occlusion.Key Words: Articulation, complete denture, occlusion 相似文献
24.
PSGL‐1 and E/P‐selectins are essential for T‐cell rolling in inflamed CNS microvessels but dispensable for initiation of EAE 下载免费PDF全文
Karthik Sathiyanadan Caroline Coisne Gaby Enzmann Urban Deutsch Britta Engelhardt 《European journal of immunology》2014,44(8):2287-2294
T‐cell migration across the blood‐brain barrier is a crucial step in the pathogenesis of EAE, an animal model for MS. Live cell imaging studies demonstrated that P‐selectin glycoprotein ligand‐1 (PSGL‐1) and its endothelial ligands E‐ and P‐selectin mediate the initial rolling of T cells in brain vessels during EAE. As functional absence of PSGL‐1 or E/P‐selectins does not result in ameliorated EAE, we speculated that T‐cell entry into the spinal cord is independent of PSGL‐1 and E/P‐selectin. Performing intravital microscopy, we observed the interaction of WT or PSGL‐1?/? proteolipid protein‐specific T cells in inflamed spinal cord microvessels of WT or E/P‐selectin?/? SJL/J mice during EAE. T‐cell rolling but not T‐cell capture was completely abrogated in the absence of either PSGL‐1 or E‐ and P‐selectin, resulting in a significantly reduced number of T cells able to firmly adhere in the inflamed spinal cord microvessels, but did not lead to reduced T‐cell invasion into the CNS parenchyma. Thus, PSGL‐1 interaction with E/P‐selectin is essential for T‐cell rolling in inflamed spinal cord microvessels during EAE. Taken together with previous observations, our findings show that T‐cell rolling is not required for successful T‐cell entry into the CNS and initiation of EAE. 相似文献
25.
Ocean barrier layers' effect on tropical cyclone intensification 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
K Balaguru P Chang R Saravanan LR Leung Z Xu M Li JS Hsieh 《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America》2012,109(36):14343-14347
Improving a tropical cyclone's forecast and mitigating its destructive potential requires knowledge of various environmental factors that influence the cyclone's path and intensity. Herein, using a combination of observations and model simulations, we systematically demonstrate that tropical cyclone intensification is significantly affected by salinity-induced barrier layers, which are "quasi-permanent" features in the upper tropical oceans. When tropical cyclones pass over regions with barrier layers, the increased stratification and stability within the layer reduce storm-induced vertical mixing and sea surface temperature cooling. This causes an increase in enthalpy flux from the ocean to the atmosphere and, consequently, an intensification of tropical cyclones. On average, the tropical cyclone intensification rate is nearly 50% higher over regions with barrier layers, compared to regions without. Our finding, which underscores the importance of observing not only the upper-ocean thermal structure but also the salinity structure in deep tropical barrier layer regions, may be a key to more skillful predictions of tropical cyclone intensities through improved ocean state estimates and simulations of barrier layer processes. As the hydrological cycle responds to global warming, any associated changes in the barrier layer distribution must be considered in projecting future tropical cyclone activity. 相似文献
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J Sureka DV Reddy AK Karthik 《Journal of the Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry》2012,30(2):158-160
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the imaging modality of choice in the evaluation of internal derangement of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ). Dynamic MRI including the open and close mouth views in sagittal plane determine the exact position of articular disk and thus help to evaluate the joint for internal derangement. We also highlight the role of dynamic MRI of TMJ in diagnosis of stuck disk in a 17-year-old male who presented with symptoms of pain and difficulty in opening the mouth. 相似文献
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