安定对大鼠局灶性脑梗死半影区神经细胞死亡的保护作用

目的　研究安定对光化学诱发脑梗死后细胞死亡的保护作用 .方法　使用光化学诱发的大鼠局灶性脑缺血模型 .采用原位末端标记技术 (TU NEL)检测凋亡细胞 .大鼠脑梗死术后存活 3,6 ,12 ,2 4 ,4 8和 72 h,分别观察梗死灶坏死中心面积和凋亡细胞数目 .术前 2 4 h开始腹腔注射安定 (10mg·kg- 1· 8h- 1 ) ,直到处死动物 .结果　TUNEL 阳性细胞位于坏死中心与正常皮层之间的半影区 .TUNEL 阳性细胞的均数随着梗死后时间的延长逐渐增多 ,2 4 h达到高峰 .在2 4 h时间点 ,安定治疗组梗死坏死中心的平均最大面积和TUNEL阳性细胞均数与对照组相比 ,明显减少 (P<0 .0 0 1) .结论　安定可明显减少成年大鼠局灶性脑梗死后的细胞坏死和凋亡 .该结果可为临床使用安定治疗缺血性脑血管病提供理论依据     

腺病毒载体介导CTLA4Ig基因治疗小鼠变应性鼻炎

目的 检测CTLA4Ig-重组腺病毒载体（Ad-CTLA4Ig）在变应性鼻炎治疗中的作用。方法 采用卵清蛋白（OVA）致敏和激发诱导小鼠变应性鼻炎。实验组在OVA激发前30min予以Ad-CTA4Ig腹腔注射。未转CTLA4IgcDNA的腺病毒载体（Adv）作对照。比较各组动物鼻部症状和鼻粘膜形态学改变，并采用ELISA法测定血清中OVA－特异性IgE水平。结果 CTLA4Ig重组腺病毒实验组小鼠鼻部症状和鼻粘膜病理改变不明显，并且血清中OVA－特异性IgE水平明显低于对照组（P＜0.05）。结论 Ad-CTLA4Ig可防治小鼠应变性鼻炎的发生，提示CTLA4Ig-重组腺病毒载体有可能运用于临床变应性鼻炎的治疗。     

视频脑电图诊断儿童癫痫128例

目的 分析视频脑电图（Video-EEG)在小儿癫痫诊断，分类中的应用价值及癫痫发作期的EEG特点。临床诊断的癫痫患儿128（男94，女34）例，1mo-14岁，平均年龄5．4岁，应用伟思VEEG1161B型视频脑电图仪，对患儿进行至少4－6h包括清醒与睡眠期的临床和EEG监测。监测中对各种状态及事件进行标记，结束后将EEG信号与临床录象资料同步回放并逐秒分析。结果 128例癫痫患儿中有54例（42．2％）进一步确定了癫痫综合征的诊断，其中儿童良性癫痫伴中央－颞区棘波25例，儿童失神癫痫3例，少年肌阵挛癫痫1例，额叶癫痫5例，West综合征13例，Lennox-Gastaut综合征7例，有49例（38．3％）可明确其发作类型，其中强直或（和）阵挛发作10例，部分性发作33例，肌阵挛发作5例，失张力发作1例，另外有25例（19．5）尚无法分类。结论 视频脑电图 是诊断癫痫及明确癫分类的可靠检查方法。     

曲美他嗪治疗稳定性心绞痛临床观察

目的 :观察曲美他嗪治疗稳定性心绞痛的临床疗效。方法 :观察曲美他嗪治疗 (60mg/d)前后 3 4例稳定性心绞痛病人的心绞痛发作次数、硝酸甘油消耗量、运动试验结果、静息心电图、心率及血压。结果 :曲美他嗪治疗后稳定性心绞痛病人的心绞痛发作次数、硝酸甘油消耗量、总运动时间及静息心电图均较治疗前明显改善 (P <0 .0 1) ;心率及血压无明显变化。结论 :曲美他嗪可改善接受常规治疗的稳定性心绞痛病人的临床表现     

正常人与重症肌无力患者胸腺提取液免疫活性比较

用~３Ｈ－ＴｄＲ掺入法观察不同稀释度的正常人与重症肌无力患者胸腺提取液对健康成人外周血淋巴细胞增殖的影响。实验证实了正常儿童的胸腺功能下降（高浓度Ｐ＜０．０２，余浓度Ｐ＞０．０５），成人胸腺无功能（Ｐ＞０．０５）；并且得出增生型重症肌无力胸腺提取液对ＰＨＡ诱导的人外周血淋巴细胞增殖有促进和抑制双向作用。提示重症肌无力患者的胸腺免疫活性与正常人比较有差异。解释并肯定了手术切除胸腺治疗增生型重症肌无力的作用。     

膈神经放电信号的一种计算机分析方法

作者提出了一种膈神经放电信号的计算机分析方法,用以克服该信号手工分析时存在的问题。计算机通过对膈神经放电信号的采集、数字整流与滤波等处理后,可得到放电的包络图,从中能自动测量一些重要参数。动物实验证实程序能较好地执行这些功能。统计学分析表明,人工测量结果与计算机测量结果之间无显著性差异。     

蛛网膜下腔注入小剂量吗啡术后镇痛与PCEA比较研究

目的 :探讨蛛网膜下腔小剂量吗啡术后镇痛的临床效果并与 PCEA相比较。方法 :将 ASA I～II级 6 0例妇科择期手术患者 ,随机分为两组 ,每组 30例。实验组采用腰麻 ,局麻药为 0 .75 %布比卡因 10～ 15 m g加入吗啡 0 .5 mg。对照组采用腰麻复合 PCEA,局麻药 0 .75 %布比卡因 10～ 15 mg,术后 PCEA。术后镇痛效果以视觉模拟评分 (VAS)、Ram say镇静评分、BCS舒适评分、成功率、不良反应并结合医疗费用比进行评价。结果 :VAS评分两组在 4、8、36 h时段无显著性差异 (P>0 .0 5 ) ;实验组在 12、2 4 h镇痛效果优于对照组 ,4 8、5 4 h对照组优于实验组。 BCS舒适评分、Ram say镇静评分两组间无显著性差异。结论 :蛛网膜下腔注入小剂量的吗啡用于术后镇痛的效果并不亚于 PCEA,如采用医疗费用与治疗效果比 ,更优于后者     

Influence of mild hypothermia on vascular endothelial growth factor and infarct volume in brain tissues after cerebral ischemia in rats

BACKGROUND: It has been demonstrated that mild hypothermia has obvious protective effect on both whole and local cerebral ischemia. However, the definite mechanism is still unclear for the brain protection of mild hypothermia on cerebral edema, inhibiting inflammatory reaction, stabilizing blood brain barrier, etc. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of mild hypothermia on the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and the infarct volume after cerebral ischemia in rats, and analyze the brain protective mechanism of mild hypothermia. DESIGN: A randomized grouping and controlled animal trial. SETTING: Department of Neurology, People's Hospital of Yunyang Medical College. MATERIALS: Twenty adult male SD rats of clean degree, weighing (250±30) g, were provided by the animal experimental center, School of Medicine, Wuhan University. The kits for SP immunohistochemistry were purchased from Beijing Zhongshan Golden Bridge Biotechnology Co., Ltd. METHODS: The experiments were carried out in the laboratory of Department of Neurology, Renmen Hospital of Wuhan University from May to July 2005. ① The 20 rats were divided randomly into normal temperature group (n =10) and mild hypothermia group (n =10). Models of permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion were established with modified nylon suture embolization. The rats were assessed with the Longa standards: 0 point for without nerve dysfunction; 1 for mild neurological deficit (fore claws could no extend completely); 2 for moderate neurological deficit (circling towards the affected side); 3 for severe neurological deficit (tilting towards the affected side); 4 for coma and unconscious; 1-3 points represented that models were successfully established. The rats of the normal temperature group were fed at room temperature, and those in the mild hypothermia group were induced by hypothermia from 2 hours postoperatively, and the rectal temperature was kept at 34-35 ℃ for 72 hours. ② Measurement of infarct volume: All the rats were anesthetized by intraperitoneal injection overdose sodium pentobarbital 7 days postoperatively, and then the heads were cut down to harvest brain. The brain tissues were placed into -20 ℃ refrigerator for 20 minutes, coronal sections of 2 mm were prepared. The infarct sites were not stained, whereas normal brain tissues were stained as red. The infarct volumes were calculated by using MPLAS-500 multimedia color pathological image&&word analytical system. ③ Counting positive cells of vascular endothelial growth factor protein: The brains were harvested by cutting heads, then coronal sections of 2 mm were prepared. Routine dehydration, hyalinization, wax immersion and embedding were performed, then the detected with SP immunohistochemistry, the kits were purchased from Beijing Zhongshan Golden Bridge Biotechnology Co., Ltd. The cells whose cytoplasm was yellow-brown were positive ones, a single sample as a unit, peri-ischemic site and ischemic core were selected, and the corresponding sites in controlateral hemisphere were taken as controls. Five visual fields were selected from each site to be observed under microscope, the cells were counted, and the average number of positive cells was calculated in each group. The numbers of positive cells were determined with the image analytical apparatus. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Number of the positive cells of vascular endothelial growth factor protein; Infarct volume of rat brain tissue. RESULTS: All the 20 rats were involved in the analysis of results. ① Number of positive cells of vascular endothelial growth factor protein in brain tissue: It was obviously lower in the mild hypothermia group than in the normal temperature group [(24.02±5.05), (36.07±2.69) cells/high power visual field, P < 0.01]. ② Comparison of infarct volume of brain tissue: After MCAO, it was obviously smaller in the mild hypothermia group than in the normal temperature group [(153.25±23.14), (253.45±36.21) mm3, P < 0.01]. CONCLUSION: Mild hypothermia can inhibit the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and decrease the volume of cerebral infarction. The inhibition of mild hypothermia on the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor may be one of the brain protective mechanisms.     

新生儿筛查G6PD时标本递送方式的探讨

目的通过分析不同方式递送血片标本的G6PD筛查结果，探讨递送方式对G6PD筛查检测值的影响，改善血片标本的递送方式，提高新生儿G6PD筛查的准确性。方法按递送方式将血片标本分成两组，使用荧光定量法测定血片标本的G6PD值，然后对两组的结果进行统计学分析。结果递送方式影响血片标本到达筛查中心的时间，挂号信件方式达到筛查中心时间长，G6PD筛查的假阳性率高；特快专递方式到达筛查中心时间短，G6PD筛查的假阳性率低；在筛查中心采集的血片G6PD筛查结果最准确。结论缩短血片标本递送到筛查中心的时间可以降低G6PD筛查的假阳性率。     

流产鼠Caspase-3与laminin B和PAI-1的表达及对妊娠结局的影响

目的:研究阻断CD86协同刺激分子对自然流产模型孕鼠母胎界面Caspase-3、laminin B和PAI-1的表达及对妊娠结局的影响。方法:实验组于妊娠第4.5天腹腔注射大鼠抗小鼠CD86单抗,实验对照组注射大鼠同型IgG2b,正常妊娠组不作任何处理。于妊娠第13.5天计算胚胎吸收率,用免疫组化测定Caspase-3、laminin B和PAI-1的表达,并进行图像分析、检测免疫组化染色灰度值(A)。结果:①实验组的胚胎吸收率显著低于实验对照组(P<0.05);②实验组中Caspase-3蛋白灰度值明显高于实验对照组(P<0.05),实验组中laminin B和PAI-1蛋白灰度值均明显低于实验对照组(P<0.05)。结论:妊娠早期阻断CD86协同刺激分子可使母胎界面中的Caspase-3、laminin B和PAI-1分别通过各自不同的途径发挥免疫耐受作用并且使自然流产模型孕鼠的胚胎吸收率降低至正常妊娠水平。