高脂血症时血清二乙基对硝基苯磷酸酯酶活性的变化

目的 :研究tritonWR 13 3 9致小鼠高脂血症时血清二乙基对硝基苯磷酸酯酶 (ParaoxonaseI ,PON 1)活性的变化及PON 1活性与血浆脂质含量之间的关系。方法 :在小鼠尾静脉注射tritonWR13 3 9后的 3h ,6h ,12h ,2 4h ,48h ,72h ,眼球摘除术取血 ,用酶标法测定小鼠血浆总胆固醇 (TC) ,甘油三酯 (TG ) ,高密度脂蛋白 -胆固醇 (HDL -C) ,载脂蛋白AI (ApoAI) ,载脂蛋白B (ApoB含量 ) ,并计算出ApoAI/ApoB ,HDL -C/TC比值 ,用分光光度计法测定PONI活性。结果 :TritonWR 13 3 9尾静脉注射后 3h ,小鼠血浆TC和TG含量即急剧增高 ,与对照组相比 ,P <0 .0 1,分别在注射后 2 4h和 3h达到峰值 ,随后逐渐下降 ,其中血浆TG含量在注射后 48h即恢复正常水平。tritonWR13 3 9尾静脉注射后 3h ,小鼠血浆HDL -C和ApoB含量急剧增高 ,与对照组相比 ,P <0 .0 5,分别在注射后 2 4h和 6h达到峰值 ,随后逐渐下降 ,分别在注射后 48h和 72h恢复正常水平。tritonWR13 3 9尾静脉注射后 3h ,小鼠血浆ApoAI含量即急剧降低 ,与对照组相比 ,P <0 .0 5,随后逐渐增高 ,在注射后 6h即恢复正常水平。tritonWR 13 3 9尾静脉注射后 3h ,小鼠血浆ApoAI/ApoB和HDL-C/TC比值减少 ,与对照组相比 ,P <0 .0 1,随后逐渐增高 ,其中ApoAI/ApoB比值在 72h恢复     

乙肝患者血清抗心磷脂抗体的检测

目的 :了解抗心磷脂抗体 (ACA)在乙型肝炎病毒 (HBV)感染中的检出率。方法 :采用ELISA法测定 83例HBV患者和 6 6例正常对照者血清的ACA。结果 :HBV患者ACA阳性率为 16 .9% ,与正常对照组 (4.5 % )比较有显著性升高 (P <0 .0 1) ;在HBV患者中 ,肝功能异常者ACA阳性率明显高于肝功能正常者 (P <0 .0 1)。结论 :ACA可常见于乙型肝炎患者 ,并可能与乙型肝炎的病情有一定关系。     

二甲基亚砜诱导人肝癌细胞BEL-7402凋亡的研究

目的 :研究二甲基亚砜 (DMSO)对人肝癌细胞凋亡的诱导作用。方法 :用不同浓度的DMSO处理体外培养的人肝癌细胞BEL 74 0 2 ,应用普通光镜、荧光显微镜、MTT分析方法和流式细胞技术 (FCM )检测肝癌细胞凋亡的形态学变化、细胞存活率、凋亡百分率和细胞周期分布的变化。结果 :DMSO诱导BEL 74 0 2细胞核DNA凝缩和核片段化 ,最后形成凋亡小体 ;随着DMSO浓度的增加和处理时间的延长 ,细胞存活率明显下降 ,其IC50 为 1.9% ;2 %的DMSO处理细胞 12h ,凋亡率达 17.2 1% ,同时S期细胞明显增加 ,G2 M期细胞明显下降。结论 :DMSO可诱导人肝癌细胞凋亡 ,并使细胞受阻于S期而进入凋亡程序。     

1例安装心脏起搏器合并心房扑动电复律患者的护理

电复律目前已成为救治室颤和其他快速心律失常患者的首选重要措施,但对安置永久性心脏起搏器患者施行电复律治疗较少见.2004年5月,我科对1例安装永久性心脏起搏器合并心房扑动的患者成功实施电复律,现将护理体会介绍如下.     

手术治疗125例分化性甲状腺癌的5年随访结果分析

目的：探讨甲状腺全切除术在治疗分化性甲状腺癌中的临床应用价值。方法：采用我院1988年1月～2001年5月甲状腺全切除术或甲状腺侧叶切除加峡部切除术治疗分化性甲状腺癌125例,对其手术并发症发生、局部复发、转移情况及术后5年生存率进行回顾性对比分析。结果：甲状腺全切除术术后并发症发生率高于甲状腺侧叶切除加峡部切除术组;局部复发、转移率低于侧叶切除加峡部切除术组;5年生存率两组无显著性差异。结论：甲状腺全切除术是治疗甲状腺癌有效的手术方式,但应掌握手术指征,改进、提高手术技术,减少并发症。     

虚拟现实技术在枢椎椎弓根螺钉精确植入中的应用研究

目的探索以虚拟现实技术为基础的枢椎椎弓根螺钉置人方法。方法选取8具成人颅一颈椎标本，采用改良四柱式定位框架固定于枕颈，使颅-颈-肩形成统一刚体，保持空间位置恒定，CT薄层扫描获取枢椎三维定位信息，采用Aero—Tech立体定向手术规划系统三维建模，设计安全、可视化、个体化的虚拟置钉路径，反复虚拟演示验证钉道安全后，导向弓把持下置人导向钢针，复查CT评价置钉的准确性。结果16个枢椎椎弓根置钉过程中，方向出现偏差（横突孔突破）1个，失败率为6．25％。结论目标椎弓根的容积三维重建、置钉路径可视化设计和虚拟演示，使操作过程简单、直观而精确，不需要线形和角性参数的测量；加上导向抓持装置提供的稳定性，使该技术具有很好的临床应用前景。     

放射线联合p53基因及内皮抑素治疗小鼠前列腺癌皮下移植瘤

Objective To test the hypothesis that p53 gene therapy combined with endostatin can enhance tumor response to radiation therapy of RM-1 mouse xenograft prostate cancer and to investigate its mechanism. Methods A mouse prostate cancer model was established. Then mice with xenograft tumor were randomly divided into group A (control), B (radiation), C (radiation and rAdp53), D (radiation and rh-endostatin) and E (radiation and rAdp53 and rh-endostatin). On day 1, rAdp53 was injected intra-tumorously with 1 × 1010 vp per animal to group C and E. From day 1 to 14, rh-endostatin was given 15 mg/kg intraperitoneally daily to group D and E. On day 4 single fraction of 15 Gy was given to tumors in groups B, C, D and E. Normal saline was injected intra-tumorously or intraperitoneaUy accordingly as control. No treatment was done to group A. Tumor volume was measured daily. Samples were collected on Days 5, 10 and 15. Ki67, CD31, p53 and VEGF were detected by means of immunohistochemistry. Results (1) Radiation alone, radiation combined with intra-tumorous injection of Adp53 and/or intraperitoneal injection of rh-endostatin resulted in tumor growth arrest of RM-1 cells in vivo (P = 0.000). Radiation combined with both rAdp53 and rh-endostatin was the most effective treatment (P < 0.05). (2) All the four treatment groups had a decreased expression of mutant type P53 (P = 0.000). The expression of Ki67 in groups B and C were equal (P 0.05) and increasing (P = 0.000), respectively. Group D had a up-down-up curve (P < 0.05), but group E had a up-down one. On day 5 the expresion of VEGF in group E was the lowest (P < 0.05). An increased expression of MVD compared with the control was shown, and MVD in groups C, D and E were always higher than that in the control (P < 0.05). Conclusions The limitation of radiotherapy could be overcome by combination with beth p53 gene therapy and endostatin on the growth of mouse prostate cancer cell. Radiation, rAdp53 and endostatin have their own role but they can be interacted with each other.     

中药对大鼠辐射损伤防护作用的实验研究

目的探讨中药当归、川芎、黄芪、丹参提取液对大鼠放射性骨髓损伤的防护作用.方法雄性SD大鼠60只,随机分为正常对照组、模型组、中药组,每组6只,在相同条件下饲养2周,模型组和中药组大鼠给予6.0 Gy 60Co γ射线一次性全身照射,继续饲养1周处死全部动物并取材.用骨髓细胞计数法计数骨髓有核细胞数,用Western blot法测定血管内皮生长因子（vascularendothelialgrowth factor,VEGF）、血小板衍生生长因子（ptatelet derived growth factor,PDGF）的蛋白含量.结果与正常对照组比较,模型组大鼠的骨髓有核细胞数、VEGF、PDGF蛋白含量明显减少（P＜0.01）,与模型组比较,中药组大鼠的骨髓有核细胞数、VEGF、PDGF蛋白含量明显增加（P＜0.01或P＜0.05）.结论中药当归、黄芪、川芎、丹参对大鼠放射性骨髓损伤有一定防护作用.     

Laparoscopic Local Resection Based on Sentinel Node Evaluation for Early Gastric Cancer: A Preliminary Report

We previously reported that lymphatic mapping using isosulfan blue can be used to identify sentinel nodes (SNs). This study was undertaken to evaluate the feasibility of using the SN technique in treating early gastric cancer and to explore its usefulness for minimal invasive surgery. Twenty-three patients with early gastric cancer who underwent SN biopsy were retrospectively evaluated. Based on SN evaluation, individualized surgery was performed in five patients with T1N0M0 gastric cancer. When pathological examination of frozen sections revealed metastasis in SNs, we performed a standard D2 gastrectomy. Laparoscopic local resection was applied when the SN biopsy was negative. Our results showed that the success rate with SN biopsy in early gastric cancer was 100%, as were the accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity. All five patients with early gastric cancer had SNs negative for metastases both by frozen section and by postoperative pathology. Thus, all these patients underwent laparoscopic local resection without extended lymphadenectomy. We conclude that SN biopsy is a useful tool to individualize the operative procedure, and laparoscopic local resection can be safely performed using SN guidance in selected patients with early gastric cancer.     

输尿管无细胞基质移植物的制备和评价

背景：与小肠黏膜下层等材料相比，脱细胞血管具有天然管状结构，与输尿管形态结构相近，替代输尿管时仅需端端吻合即可，手术操作简单，血管外壁光滑，获取及制备方法简便等优点。 目的：拟应用同种颈动脉血管无细胞基质体外构建输尿管。 设计、时间及地点：观察性实验，于2006-09/2008-06在上海交通大学医学院附属新华医院动物实验中心完成。 材料：长风杂交白猪由上海松联实验动物公司提供。上海交通大学医学院实验动物中心提供的健康成年大鼠8只，用于血管无细胞基质的动物毒性实验。 方法：剥去猪颈动脉血管外膜，PBS冲洗若干遍，然后将血管置于pH 7.1 的PBS中4 ℃下振荡清洗，0.5%十二烷基硫酸钠振荡24 h，后使用双蒸水4 ℃下反复振荡洗涤1周，每日换双蒸水2次。对于解剖过程中肌肉残留相对稍多的血管，在双蒸水洗涤前以混合消化液37 ℃下振荡消化约2 h，再行双蒸水洗涤。制备的无细胞基质置于青、链霉素溶液中，4 ℃保存，完成脱细胞支架制备。 主要观察指标：光镜及电镜观察脱细胞后管壁无细胞基质片的主要成分。将同种异体来源内皮祖细胞培养增殖后植入血管无细胞基质，观察细胞生长情况，并进行血管无细胞基质动物毒性实验。拉力实验了解血管无细胞基质材料的收缩性能。 结果：颈动脉血管无细胞基质中已无细胞成分，无细胞基质主要由胶原成分组成。扫描电镜未见该材料表面存在细胞及细胞碎片，同时发现该无细胞基质存在孔隙样结构。体外同种异体来源的内皮祖细胞培养增殖后植入血管无细胞基质，细胞黏附于无细胞基质。血管无细胞基质按毒性分级属于无毒级。拉力实验说明该无细胞基质具有一定的韧性和牵张性。 结论：采用胰酶和十二烷基硫酸钠制备的颈动脉血管无细胞基质材料无细胞残留，具有一定的韧性和牵张性，种植于其中的种子细胞具备一定的生长能力。