Beiträge zur Anatomie des miliaren Tuberkels

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Strangförmige Degeneration der Hinterstränge des Rückenmarks mit gleichzeitigen meningomyelitischen Herden

Ohne ZusammenfassungKrankenabtheilung des Herrn Prof. Dr. Berger (Breslauer städtisches Armenhaus)     

Über die Bedingungen des Eintrittes der Totenstarre beim gereizten Muskel

Zusammenfassung Es wird gezeigt, daß das Nichteintreten der Totenstarre in einer Gasatmosphäre bei bis zur Erschöpfung gereizten Froschmuskeln in hohem Maße abhängig ist von genügender Sauerstoffzufuhr zu allen Teilen.Beim dünnen M. sartorius genügt der Sauerstoff der Luft. Beim M. gastrocnemius ist es auch durch Sauerstoffüberdruck nicht möglich, den Eintritt der Starre nach Reizung zu verhindern. Erst durch gleichzeitiges Eintauchenlassen in Flüssigkeit wird dieser Zweck erfüllt.Bei Aufbewahrung inFlüssigkeit genügt für den M. sartorius im allgemeinen die Unterbringung in selbst O₂-armer (ausgekochter) Ringerlösung zur Verhütung von Starre nach erschöpfender Reizung. Nachträgliches Durchleiten von Wasserstoff oder Stickstoff ruft Contractur hervor. Bei M. gastrocnemius genügt einfaches Unterbringen in Lösung nicht, erst bei Sauerstoffdurchleitung oder bei gleichzeitigem Sauerstoffüberdruck läßt sich Starre vermeiden.Durchleiten eines indifferenten Gasesvor Beginn der Reizung führt zu einer sehr raschen Erschöpfbarkeit des Muskels ohne Starre.Auch beimWarmblütermuskel gelingt es in vielen Fällen trotz erschöpfender Reizung den Starreeintritt zu verhindern, jedoch nur bei dünnen, ungeschädigten Muskeln, unter Sauerstoffüberdruck und in einem flüssigen Medium.Die Untersuchungen bestätigen durchaus die Auffassung, daß die Totenstarre eine Folge der Anhäufung von Milchsäure ist. Die Wegschaffung der letzteren durch Diffusion und Oxydation verhindert den Starreeintritt.Zum Schlusse möchte ich Herrrn ProfessorWinterstein auch an dieser Stelle meinen herzlichsten Dank aussprechen für die dauernde Unterstützung und Förderung bei vorliegender Arbeit.     

Beeinflussung von Druck und Stromvolumen in der Pfortader durch die Atmung und durch experimentelle Eingriffe

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Ueber das Centrum der Gefässnerven

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Rational sub-division of plant trypanosomes (Phytomonas spp.) based on minicircle conserved region analysis.

The sequences of minicircle conserved regions from various plant trypanosomatids have been determined and analyzed. The goal of this study was to add another tool to the arsenal of molecular probes for distinguishing between the different trypanosomatids occurring in plants: systemic trypanosomatids multiplying in the sap, those from the laticiferous tubes, and those developing in fruits, seeds or flowers but not in the plant itself and that are frequently considered as opportunistic insect trypanosomatids. As some plant intraphloemic trypanosomatids are the causative agents of important diseases, a clear definition of the different types of trypanosomatids is critical. The conserved region of the mitochondrial minicircle provides several specific features in a small sequence region containing three functionally elements required for minicircle replication. Trees generated from the analysis recapitulated trees drawn from analyses of isoenzymes, RAPD, and particular gene sequences, supporting the validity of the small region used in this work. Three groups of isolates were significant and in accordance with previous work. The peculiarity of phloem-restricted trypanosomatids associated with wilts of coconut and oil palm in Latin America - group H - is confirmed. In agreement with previous studies on their biological and serological properties the results highlighted this group called 'phloemicola'. It always differentiated from all other latex and fruit isolates or opportunistic trypanosomatids, like insect trypanosomatids. We can assert that phloemicola is the only well-defined taxon among all plant trypanosomatids. A group of non-pathogenic latex isolates from South American euphorbs (G), and a heterogenous group (A) including one fruit, one possible latex and one insect isolate are clearly distinct groups. The group of Mediterranean isolates from latex (D), even with a low boostrap, stood out well from other groups. The remainder of the isolates fell into a heterogeneous cluster. At least eight different groups in the plant trypanosomatids were identified.     

Research fellowship in behavioral AIDS research

Announcement

Research fellowship in behavioral AIDS research     

The effect of surface macrotexture and hydroxylapatite coating on the mechanical strengths and histologic profiles of titanium implant materials

A mechanical and histological evaluation of uncoated and hydroxylapatite-coated titanium implant materials was performed. Cylindrical implants of uncoated commercially pure (CP) titanium and hydroxylapatite-coated Ti-6Al-4V alloy were studied using a transcortical model, with implants evaluated after periods of 3, 5, 10, and 32 weeks. All implants had a surface macrotexture consisting of a series of semicircular annular grooves, approximately 750 micron in maximum depth. The attachment characteristics of interface shear stiffness and interface shear strength were determined by mechanical push-out testing. Nondecalcified histologic and microradiographic techniques, with implants in situ, were used to evaluate the response to the implant materials and the presence of the surface macrotexture. Mechanical testing results indicated that the hydroxylapatite-coated implants exhibited significantly greater values of maximum interface shear strength than the uncoated implants after all time periods. Interface shear stiffness was also significantly greater at all time periods for the hydroxylapatite-coated implants as compared to the uncoated implants. Histological evaluation after 3 weeks revealed an osteoid layer covering on all areas coated with the hydroxylapatite material; mineralization of this layer appeared to be complete after 10 weeks. In all cases, longer-term implants demonstrated mineralization of interface bone directly onto the hydroxylapatite coating, and in no case was a fibrous layer observed between the hydroxylapatite coating and the interface bone. Sections from the uncoated CP titanium implants revealed a thin fibrous layer present in nearly all areas. Only isolated regions of direct bone-implant apposition were observed for the uncoated implants. The presence of this fibrous tissue layer, however, apparently did not adversely affect the development of considerable attachment strength. The results from this study indicate that the hydroxylapatite coating can significantly increase the attachment strength of implants which rely upon bone apposition for fixation. In addition, the hydroxylapatite coating provides an osteophilic surface for bone deposition, and allows for a more rapid development of implant-bone attachment.     

Patterns of upper gastrointestinal diseases based on endoscopy in the period 1998-2001

Upper gastrointestinal complaints are common in Kenya. Though these have remained unchanged over the last 20 years, the pattern of upper gastrointestinal disease on endoscopic examination seems to be changing. There appears to be progressive increase in oesophagitis and cancer of the stomach. Peptic ulcer disease has remained stable while Cancer of the oesophagus is still common. The paper intends to report on endoscopic findings at the Centre for Clinical Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI) over the period October 1998 and May 2001. The sources of information are records made at the time of endoscopy and histology reports on biopsies taken. Seven hundred and sixty eight patients were endoscoped. The male to female ratio was 1.7:1 with mean age +/-SD of 40.8 +/-20.1 years and age range was 3 to 96 years. Majority of the patients had abnormal findings with gastritis being the most common ( 25.8%). It is concluded that gastritis is an important cause of morbidity in Kenya. Oesophagitis, mainly due to gastroesophageal reflux disease, seems to be on the increase. Gastric cancer is not as rare as previously thought and peptic ulcer disease is still common.