全文获取类型
收费全文 | 57449篇 |
免费 | 4625篇 |
国内免费 | 1702篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 529篇 |
儿科学 | 1198篇 |
妇产科学 | 1189篇 |
基础医学 | 6312篇 |
口腔科学 | 1188篇 |
临床医学 | 6448篇 |
内科学 | 11407篇 |
皮肤病学 | 1108篇 |
神经病学 | 3406篇 |
特种医学 | 1276篇 |
外国民族医学 | 6篇 |
外科学 | 6377篇 |
综合类 | 6180篇 |
现状与发展 | 2篇 |
一般理论 | 10篇 |
预防医学 | 4985篇 |
眼科学 | 1302篇 |
药学 | 5141篇 |
53篇 | |
中国医学 | 2301篇 |
肿瘤学 | 3358篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 169篇 |
2023年 | 725篇 |
2022年 | 1732篇 |
2021年 | 2748篇 |
2020年 | 1930篇 |
2019年 | 1870篇 |
2018年 | 2050篇 |
2017年 | 1805篇 |
2016年 | 1535篇 |
2015年 | 2249篇 |
2014年 | 2970篇 |
2013年 | 3482篇 |
2012年 | 5105篇 |
2011年 | 5173篇 |
2010年 | 3483篇 |
2009年 | 3013篇 |
2008年 | 3732篇 |
2007年 | 3629篇 |
2006年 | 3172篇 |
2005年 | 2903篇 |
2004年 | 2261篇 |
2003年 | 2137篇 |
2002年 | 1733篇 |
2001年 | 525篇 |
2000年 | 444篇 |
1999年 | 381篇 |
1998年 | 303篇 |
1997年 | 268篇 |
1996年 | 252篇 |
1995年 | 194篇 |
1994年 | 160篇 |
1993年 | 129篇 |
1992年 | 130篇 |
1991年 | 115篇 |
1990年 | 105篇 |
1989年 | 102篇 |
1988年 | 90篇 |
1987年 | 83篇 |
1986年 | 87篇 |
1985年 | 75篇 |
1984年 | 63篇 |
1983年 | 59篇 |
1982年 | 66篇 |
1981年 | 75篇 |
1980年 | 47篇 |
1979年 | 51篇 |
1978年 | 30篇 |
1977年 | 38篇 |
1976年 | 40篇 |
1973年 | 24篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
81.
82.
83.
The envelope protein of the human immunodeficiency virus (gp120) causes neuronal death in developing murine hippocampal cultures or rat retinal ganglion cells. In HIV-infected individuals, gp120 released from HIV-infected macrophages or other cells in the brain has been proposed as the etiology for the pathophysiology of AIDS central nervous system (CNS) disease by diffusing to act at a distance to cause damage and/or death to neighboring neurons. In this study, 28 cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples from HIV-infected individuals (79% were WR stage 1 and 2) and neurological disease controls were tested, blind to the investigator, for the presence of in vitro neuronal killing activity. Neurotoxic activity was detected with peak effects at a 1:10(5) dilution in CSF from 9/18 HIV-infected individuals and 1/10 neurological disease controls. Thus half of CSF from early stages of HIV disease are characterized by the presence of neurotoxic activity which is not present in control CSF (Fischers exact test, P < 0.05). The neuronal toxicity by patient CSF could be prevented by peptide T (1 nM). A monoclonal antibody to mouse CD4, RL.172, also attenuated or prevented CSF-induced neuronal killing in all four CSF samples tested. In addition, an antiserum to peptide T previously shown to bind gp120 and neutralize both infectively and direct gp120 neurotoxicity, neutralized the CSF factor. gp120, or a modified small fragment, is suggested to be the responsible toxic molecular entity. These results may be relevant to the pathophysiology of HIV-related CNS disease and the mechanism by which peptide T causes improvements. 相似文献
84.
50种传统清热解毒药的抑菌实验 总被引:13,自引:1,他引:12
本文报告了传统药物文献收载的50种清热解毒药的抑菌实验结果。显示抑菌作用的有41种,占82%。对阳性球菌显示有抑菌作用的有36种;对阴性杆菌显示有抑菌作用的有24种。其中的地胡椒、金果榄、毛果算盘子等显示有较广的抗菌效应,值得进一步研究。 相似文献
85.
n-Hexane neuropathy was studied in 20 workers exposed for prolonged periods to this solvent, and with urinary 2, 5-hexanedione concentrations exceeding the biological exposure index recommended by the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (5 mg/L) with a mean of 11.02 mg/L (range 5.3—24.2 mg/L). Although neurological examination did not detect significant anomalies in any of the patients, and the conduction velocity and F waves of all the nerves tested were normal, neurographic studies revealed significant differences in the amplitude of sensory nerve action potentials (SNAP) recorded from the sural (mean 14.0 μV), median (mean 17.3 μV), and ulnar (mean 7.9 μV) nerves when compared with normal values from healthy adults of the same age range, examined under identical conditions. The amplitude of the SNAP in sural and median nerves correlated significantly with the number of years worked. The notable decrease in mean amplitude of the SNAP appeared to reflect the primary neurotoxic effects of 2,5-hexanedione. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 相似文献
86.
Hyperoxaluria is frequently seen in patients with inflammatory bowel disease, or after resection of the ileum. It is assumed to be responsible for the development of nephrolithiasis, nephrocalcinosis (oxalate nephrosis) and progressive renal impairment in these patients. Steatorrhea may aggravate the severity of hyperoxaluria. A 60-year-old male underwent massive resection of the jejunum and ileum 10 years prior to admission, due to strangulation of the small bowel, with occlusion of the superior mesenteric artery. He remained well except for steatorrhea which developed two-and-a-half years prior to admission, when microhematuria, proteinuria and oxaluria developed progressively. Since that time, the nephrolithiasis, nephrocalcinosis and renal failure have continued to worsen despite therapy with oxalate restriction and oxalate-binding agents. A renal biopsy, performed late in the clinical course, showed severe changes in the renal parenchyma. The decline in renal function proved irreversible. The unusual metabolic consequences of massive resection of the small intestine and their mechanisms are discussed. 相似文献
87.
Carlos E Rodriguez Martinez Maria C Guzman Juan M Castillo Monica P Sossa Paulina Ojeda 《Pediatric critical care medicine》2006,7(4):335-339
OBJECTIVE: The primary goal of this study was to evaluate the validity of the North American-European Consensus Committee (NAECC) definition for acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) in pediatric patients. A secondary aim was to evaluate the threshold value for the PaO2/FiO2 ratio, used to determine which pediatric patients have ARDS. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort study. SETTING: Pediatric intensive care unit. PATIENTS: Pediatric intensive care unit patients who required mechanical ventilation, died, and underwent autopsy between January 1, 1996, and December 31, 2002 (n = 34). INTERVENTIONS: None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: Clinical and chest radiograph information was collected retrospectively through chart review using a standardized data collection tool. Data included the criteria specified in the NAECC definition of ARDS and demographic information. We calculated the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value, and likelihood ratio of clinical diagnosis of ARDS compared with a pathologic diagnosis. The threshold value of PaO2/FiO2 was identified by plotting receiver operating characteristics curves and comparing the areas under the curves. The NAECC definition yielded a sensitivity of 80.7% (95% confidence interval 60-92%), specificity of 71.4% (95% confidence interval 30-95), positive predictive value of 91.3% (95% confidence interval 70-98), negative predictive value of 50.0% (95% confidence interval 20-78), and likelihood ratio of 2.82. A PaO2/FiO2 <150 had a slightly higher (but not significantly different) specificity for ARDS than a value >200 (71% vs. 86%, p = .15) without changing sensitivity. CONCLUSIONS: Our study suggests the need for further research with larger number of children to identify an optimal Pao2/Fio2 threshold for identifying ARDS in this population. 相似文献
88.
Sara Lucena Belsy Guerrero Ana M Salazar Amparo Gil Carmen L Arocha-Pi?ango 《Blood coagulation & fibrinolysis》2006,17(6):427-435
Lonomia achelous is a caterpillar distributed in southern Venezuela and in northern Brazil that causes an acute hemorrhagic syndrome in people who have contact with its bristles. The effect of the crude hemolymph and its chromatographic fractions (FDII, Lonomin V and Lonomin V-2) on extracellular matrix proteins was studied. The chromatographic fractions show activities similar to plasmin and urokinase. In sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, both lonomins appear as a protein band of 25 kDa under reduced conditions. By exclusion chromatography, the molecular weights of Lonomin V and Lonomin V-2 were 26.5 and 24.5 kDa, respectively. Fibronectin, laminin and vitronectin were degraded by all venom components. Sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, under reduced conditions, shows that lonomins degrade fibronectin in four main fragments of 116, 60, 50 and 30 kDa. Molecular exclusion chromatography in native conditions shows that the molecular masses of these fragments are > or = 300, 62 and 27 kDa. The proteolytic effect of lonomins was abolished by benzamidine/HCl, iodoacetic acid and aprotinin. The extracellular matrix protein degradation together with the fibrino(geno)lytic activity of hemolymph and its fractions could explain, in part, the hemorrhagic syndrome, and the wound dehiscence in persons who have had contact with the L. achelous caterpillar. 相似文献
89.
Juan A. Rey M. Josefa Bello Ana M. Jimenez-lara Jesus Vaquero M. Elena Kusak Jos M. de Campos Jos L. Sarasa Angel Pestana 《International journal of cancer. Journal international du cancer》1992,51(5):703-706
Loss of constitutional heterozygosity as determined through the analysis of restriction-fragment-length polymorphism (RFLP) on tumoral and constitutional DNA has proven to be helpful to delimit the location of tumor-suppressor genes in the human genome. In malignant gliomas this approach indicates that chromosomes 9p, 10, 17p, and 22 may contain genes of this category involved in its origin and/or progression. Regarding chromosome 22, the data so far provided by molecular studies confirmed those previously reported by cytogenetic studies, suggesting the existence of a sub-group of malignant gliomas characterized by monosomy of this chromosome. However, the precise location of the putative glioma suppressor gene on chromosome 22 remains ambiguous. We have performed a combined cytogenetic and RFLP study on a series of 31 gliomas, looking for structural abnormalities of this chromosome. In 3 instances, terminal deletions of the long arm of chromosome 22 were observed by both methodologies, suggesting that the band q13 region distal to the D22S80 marker might be the critical domain non-randomly involved in tumor suppression of gliomas. 相似文献
90.
用十二烷基硫酸钠或十二烷基磺酸钠与亚硫酸的混合液浸泡玉米,能有效地降低玉米淀粉中的蛋白质含量,较单独用亚硫酸浸泡,所得玉米淀粉的蛋白质含量可分别降低40%和35%。 相似文献