肉桂酰胺类化合物抗癌活性研究进展

针对肉桂酰胺类化合物的药物研发已有几十年的历史,国内外文献对其药理活性有许多报道,其中大部分都集中在抗惊厥[1]、扩张血管[2]、杀虫[3]、抗诱变[4]、治疗糖尿病[5]、抗抑郁[6]以及消炎[7]等方面.近二十年,肉桂酰胺类化合物抗肿瘤活性的报道逐年增多,本文就此展开综述,希望能为肉桂酰胺类药物的研发提供参考.肉桂酰胺及其相关化合物在自然界中广泛存在,形成了一系列具有抗癌活性的物质[8],具体分为以下几类:     

Corynoxine,a Natural Autophagy Enhancer,Promotes the Clearance of Alpha-Synuclein via Akt/mTOR Pathway

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the accumulation of protein aggregates (namely Lewy bodies) in dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra region of the brain. Alpha-synuclein (α-syn) is the major component of Lewy bodies in PD patients, and impairment of the autophagy-lysosomal system has been linked to its accumulation. In our previous study, we identified an oxindole alkaloid Corynoxine B (Cory B), isolated from Uncaria rhynchophylla (Miq.) Jacks (Gouteng in Chinese), as a Beclin-1-dependent autophagy inducer. In this work, we show that Cory, an enantiomer of Cory B, also induces autophagy in different neuronal cell lines, including N2a and SHSY-5Y cells, which is paralleled with increased lysosomal enzyme cathepsin D. In vivo, Cory promotes the formation of autophagosomes in the fat bodies of Drosophila. By inducing autophagy, Cory promotes the clearance of wild-type and A53T α-syn in inducible PC12 cells. Interestingly, different from its enantiomer Cory B, Cory induces autophagy through the Akt/mTOR pathway as evidenced by the reduction in the levels of phospho-Akt, phospho-mTOR and phospho-p70 S6 Kinase. Collectively, our findings provide experimental evidence for developing Cory as a new autophagy enhancer from Chinese herbal medicine, which may have potential application in the prevention or treatment of PD.     

两种切口青光眼白内障三联手术的近期疗效比较

青光眼合并白内障是较常见的眼科疾病,复杂难治且严重影响视功能。近年来随着显微手术技术的不断提高及超声乳化人工晶状体（IOL）植入术技术的日益成熟,相比于传统的先行青光眼手术再行白内障手术的治疗方式,越来越多的医院采取超声乳化白内障吸除加IOL植入及小梁切除三联手术治疗青光眼合并白内障,不仅提高了青光眼合并白内障的治疗效果,更减轻了分期手术为患者带来的痛苦[1]。青光眼白内障三联手术的术式分为单切口和双切口,我们对比了不同切口联合三联手术治疗的近期疗效,现报告如下。     

Synthesis and in vitro antibacterial activity of 7-(3-alkoxyimino-4-amino-4-methylpiperidin-1-yl) fluoroquinolone derivatives

A series of novel 7-(3-alkoxyimino-4-amino-4-methylpiperidin-1-yl)fluoroquinolone derivatives were designed, synthesized and evaluated for their in vitro antibacterial activity and cytotoxicity. All of the target compounds have potent antibacterial activity against the tested Gram-positive and Gram-negative strains, and exhibit good potency in inhibiting the growth of Staphylococcus aureus including MRSA, Staphylococcus epidermidis including MRSE and Streptococcus pneumoniae (MICs: 0.125-4 μg/mL). Compound 22, with the best activity against Gram-positive strains, is 4-16 fold more potent than gemifloxacin, gatifloxacin and levofloxacin against Enterococcus faecalis, and 16- and 4-fold more potent than levofloxacin against S. epidermidis 09-6 and S. pneumoniae 08-4, respectively.     

Impact of Bile Duct Tumor Thrombus on the Long-Term Surgical Outcomes of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Patients: A Propensity Score Matching Analysis

Annals of Surgical Oncology - Hepatectomy with tumor thrombectomy is the preferred treatment option for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients with bile duct tumor thrombus (BDTT); however, the...     

全子宫切除不同术式的临床疗效观察

目的:比较3种不同途径全子宫切除术的临床效果,探讨全子宫切除术的适合途径.方法:回顾性分析非脱垂子宫良性病变行腹腔镜下全子宫切除(TLH)497例、开腹全子宫切除(TAH)425例、经阴道全子宫切除(TVH)231例的临床资料.患者对手术时间、术中出血量、术后恢复时间、术后并发症的发生率、性生活满意度、住院费用、住院时间等临床结果进行比较分析.结果:3种不同途径全子宫切除术的手术时间差异无显著性;术中出血量TLH组明显小于TAH组及TVH组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05).而TAH组与TVH组间差异无显著性.术后疼痛程度TAH组显著高于TLH组及TVH组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05),而TVH组术后疼痛程度略高于TLH组,两者差异不显著.术后并发症发生率TLH组及TVH组均低于TAH组(P<0.05),而TLH组及TVH组组间差异不显著.使用抗生素时间TLH组及TVH组明显短于TAH组(P<0.05),而TLH组及TVH组组间差异不显著.结论:TLH及TVH2种术式创伤小、恢复快、住院时间短、并发症少,是全子宫切除手术较为理想的途径.     

心血管疾病的发生发展与环境污染

空气污染、生产和生活用品的污染以及水污染都与心血管疾病的发生以及促发心血管事件密切相关。     

Stabilization of multiple rib fractures in a canine model

Background

Operative stabilization is frequently used in the clinical treatment of multiple rib fractures (MRF); however, no ideal material exists for use in this fixation. This study investigates a newly developed biodegradable plate system for the stabilization of MRF.

Methods

Silk fiber-reinforced polycaprolactone (SF/PCL) plates were developed for rib fracture stabilization and studied using a canine flail chest model. Adult mongrel dogs were divided into three groups: one group received the SF/PCL plates, one group received standard clinical steel plates, and the final group did not undergo operative fracture stabilization (n = 6 for each group). Radiographic, mechanical, and histologic examination was performed to evaluate the effectiveness of the biodegradable material for the stabilization of the rib fractures.

Results

No nonunion and no infections were found when using SF-PCL plates. The fracture sites collapsed in the untreated control group, leading to obvious chest wall deformity not encountered in the two groups that underwent operative stabilization.

Conclusions

Our experimental study shows that the SF/PCL plate has the biocompatibility and mechanical strength suitable for fixation of MRF and is potentially ideal for the treatment of these injuries.     

应用美降之和立平脂进行降脂治疗对冠心病康复的影响

美降之（Lovastatin）是胆固醇含成酶系中限速酶甲基羟戊二酰辅酶 A（HMG·COA）还原酶的竞争性抑制剂,是目前我国用于降低血清胆固醇的有效药物之一。立平脂（Lipanthyl）也具有HMG·COA还原酶的竞争抑制作用,也是临床应用的第一线药物。我院近年来先后应用该两种药物降脂治疗,现将观察结果报道如下。 资料和方法