全文获取类型
收费全文 | 2626篇 |
免费 | 171篇 |
国内免费 | 33篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 1篇 |
儿科学 | 51篇 |
妇产科学 | 34篇 |
基础医学 | 242篇 |
口腔科学 | 26篇 |
临床医学 | 237篇 |
内科学 | 503篇 |
皮肤病学 | 59篇 |
神经病学 | 226篇 |
特种医学 | 234篇 |
外国民族医学 | 1篇 |
外科学 | 298篇 |
综合类 | 80篇 |
一般理论 | 3篇 |
预防医学 | 98篇 |
眼科学 | 537篇 |
药学 | 103篇 |
中国医学 | 2篇 |
肿瘤学 | 95篇 |
出版年
2022年 | 18篇 |
2021年 | 33篇 |
2020年 | 21篇 |
2019年 | 22篇 |
2018年 | 42篇 |
2017年 | 37篇 |
2016年 | 54篇 |
2015年 | 47篇 |
2014年 | 70篇 |
2013年 | 124篇 |
2012年 | 97篇 |
2011年 | 132篇 |
2010年 | 108篇 |
2009年 | 79篇 |
2008年 | 115篇 |
2007年 | 135篇 |
2006年 | 112篇 |
2005年 | 102篇 |
2004年 | 106篇 |
2003年 | 107篇 |
2002年 | 83篇 |
2001年 | 56篇 |
2000年 | 70篇 |
1999年 | 68篇 |
1998年 | 74篇 |
1997年 | 71篇 |
1996年 | 51篇 |
1995年 | 41篇 |
1994年 | 43篇 |
1993年 | 47篇 |
1992年 | 32篇 |
1991年 | 41篇 |
1990年 | 47篇 |
1989年 | 57篇 |
1988年 | 47篇 |
1987年 | 47篇 |
1986年 | 35篇 |
1985年 | 22篇 |
1984年 | 20篇 |
1983年 | 14篇 |
1982年 | 19篇 |
1981年 | 18篇 |
1980年 | 16篇 |
1979年 | 19篇 |
1977年 | 13篇 |
1976年 | 13篇 |
1975年 | 16篇 |
1973年 | 13篇 |
1972年 | 12篇 |
1941年 | 11篇 |
排序方式: 共有2830条查询结果,搜索用时 10 毫秒
101.
Summary
Forty-one patients demonstrating clinical symptoms for cerebral infarction were investigated by magnetic resonance imaging
with diffusion-weighted echo-planar imaging (DWI) and T2-weighted imaging (T2WI). In 8 patients only DWI showed the cerebral
lesions clearly. One patient with positive DWI and T2WI suffered from HSV encephalitis. DWI is superior to T2WI in assessment
of small cortical infarcts and cerebral infarction in patients with preexisting vascular lesions. DWI is not specific, so
other causes like cerebral hematoma and encephalitis have to be considered.
相似文献
102.
Medial border of the perirenal space: CT and anatomic correlation 总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11
103.
High-calcium intake abolishes hyperoxaluria and reduces urinary crystallization during a 20-fold normal oxalate load in humans 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:2
Hess B; Jost C; Zipperle L; Takkinen R; Jaeger P 《Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation》1998,13(9):2241-2247
Background: The aim of the study was to test whether
increasing dietary calcium intake lowers intestinal oxalate absorption and
thereby prevents hyperoxaluria and urinary crystallization during a 20-fold
normal oxalate load in healthy subjects. Methods:
Fourteen healthy male volunteers (age 23-44 years, BMI 21.5-27.7
kg/m2) collected 24-h urines while on free choice
diet as well as on two standardized diets. The latter contained 2545 kcal,
2500 ml of mineral water, 102 g of protein, 13.6 g of sodium chloride and
2220 mg of oxalate ( 20-fold content of an average diet). Subjects were
studied twice while on the standardized diet, once while eating a normal
amount of calcium (1211 mg/day, oxalate-rich, diet), and once while eating
3858 mg of calcium /day (calcium and oxalate-rich diet).
Results: Compared with the free-choice diet
(322±36 &mgr;mol/d), UOx X V increased to 780±722
&mgr;mol/d on the oxalate-rich diet (P=0.001) and fell again to
326±31 &mgr;mol/d on calcium and oxalate-rich diet (P=0.001
vs oxalate-rich diet). Urinary glycolate (a metabolic
precursor of Ox) always remained below the upper limit of the normal range
and did not change between different diets, indicating that changes in UOx
x V reflect respective variations in intestinal absorption of Ox. UCa x V
was 4.60±0.45 mmol/d on the free choice diet and
3.20±0.32 mmol/d on the oxalate-rich diet (P=0.011
vs free-choice diet); it increased to
7.28±0.74 mmol/d on the calcium- and oxalate-rich diet (P=0.001
vs free-choice and oxalate-rich diets). As indicated
by the AP (CaOx) index (Tiselius), urinary supersaturation did not vary
significantly between the three diets. In freshly voided morning urines
(studied in 8/14 subjects) on the oxalate-rich diet, CaOx crystals or
crystal aggregates of up to 80 &mgr;m diameter were found in 5/8
urines, whereas this never occurred on the free-choice diet and only once
on the calcium- and oxalate-rich diet. Conclusion:
Increasing calcium intake while eating Ox-rich food prevents dietary
hyperoxaluria and reduces CaOx crystallization in healthy subjects. This
further illustrates that dietary counseling to idiopathic calcium-stone
formers should ensure sufficient calcium intake, especially during
oxalate-rich meals. 相似文献
104.
105.
Haitao Zhang Liang Xu Changxi Chen Jost B. Jonas 《Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie》2008,246(4):587-592
Background To evaluate the distribution of central corneal thickness and its associations in the adult Chinese population.
Methods The Beijing Eye Study 2006 is a population-based study including 3,251 (73.3%) subjects (aged 45+ years) out of 4,439 subjects
who participated in the survey in 2001 and who returned for re-examination. Central corneal thickness (CCT) measurements were
performed by slit lamp-based optical coherence tomography.
Results Central corneal thickness measurement data were available for 3,100 (95.4%) subjects. Mean CCT was 556.2±33.1 μm (median:
553 μm; range: 429–688 μm). In multiple regression analysis, CCT was significantly associated with optic disc area (P = 0.043), urban region (P < 0.001; odds ratio (OR): 4.77; 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.37, 7.17), male gender (P < 0.001; OR: 5.64; 95%CI: 2.57, 8.71), and intraocular pressure measurements (P < 0.001). It was not significantly associated with body weight (P = 0.54) and body height (P = 0.66), age (P = 0.17), and refractive error (P = 0.43). Intraocular pressure (measured by pneumotonometry) increased for each μm central corneal thickness increase by 0.03 mmHg.
Conclusions In the adult Chinese population, CCT was significantly associated optic disc area, urban region, and male gender. Intraocular
pneumotonometric pressure measurements increased for each μm increase in central corneal thickness by 0.03 mmHg. CCT was not
associated with age and refractive error.
Supported by Beijing Natural Science Foundation No 7071003, Beijing, China. 相似文献
106.
Urs Vossmerbaeumer Jost B. Jonas 《Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie》2008,246(7):1017-1020
PURPOSE: As the applicative potential of femtosecond lasers is to be extended from LASIK-flap creation into intrastromal ablation uses, the interdependency of influencing factors has to be understood. We therefore evaluated the relationship between focus depth, energy level, spatial distribution and morphology of fs-Laser pulse effects at a given repetition rate in corneal tissue. METHODS: The experimental study included five porcine corneae obtained from slaughterhouse pigs. Using a prototype of a femtosecond laser (FEMTEC; 20/10 Perfect Vision AG, Heidelberg, Germany), a conical circular cut was performed in posterior-anterior direction through the entire corneal profile. The laser energy applied ranged from 4.0 to 8.5 muJ. Histological sections (n = 337) of a thickness of 7 mum were obtained, stained with hematoxylin/eosin, and morphometrically evaluated. RESULTS: The intrastromal femtosecond laser effects were aligned throughout the corneal stroma in a line that followed the dissection line programmed for the laser. The lesions were mostly of roughly elliptic shape with a fine dense lining at the inner wall, without evidence of a collateral damage beyond the disruption cavity. The mean maximal diameter of the intrastromal laser effects was 34.2 +/- 18.6 mum (range: 9-120 mum), and the mean maximal lesion diameter was 60.8 +/- 42.6 mum. In multivariate analysis, the lesion type (single shot cavity, partly confluent lesions, and fully confluent lesions) was significantly associated with the laser energy applied (P = 0.027) and the lesion diameter (P = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: At higher laser energies, the intrastromal laser lesions were larger and more confluent, suggesting that, with the prototype of femtosecond laser used, a higher laser energy may lead to more confluent intrastromal laser effects. It may facilitate the complete cutting of the corneal tissue with the laser. Neither discernable debris nor stainable collateral damage were detected, suggesting a purely mechanical action of the laser. 相似文献
107.
Florian Rensch Ulrich H M Spandau Frank Schlichtenbrede Stefan von Baltz Teodosio Libondi Jost B Jonas Urs Vossmerbaeumer 《Ophthalmic surgery, lasers & imaging》2008,39(3):182-185
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of intravitreal bevacizumab on visual acuity in patients with myopic choroidal neovascularization. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The retrospective case series study included 13 patients with myopic choroidal neovascularization who received three intravitreal injections of 1.5 mg of bevacizumab. RESULTS: At 1, 3, and 6 months after the first injection, mean visual acuity improved significantly from 0.63 +/- 0.41 logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution units (LogMAR) to 0.39 +/- 0.22 (P< .001), 0.47 +/- 0.49 (P= .002), and 0.52 +/- 0.49 LogMAR (P = 0.009), respectively. The increase in visual acuity was correlated with a significant decrease in central retinal thickness (P = .003) as measured by optical coherence tomography. Mean intraocular pressure did not change significantly (P> .05) during follow-up. CONCLUSION: Intravitreal injections of bevacizumab may be a therapeutic option for exudative myopic macular degeneration. 相似文献
108.
G D'Addario D Rauch R Stupp M Pless R Stahel N Mach L Jost L Widmer C Tapia M Bihl M Mayer K Ribi S Lerch L Bubendorf D C Betticher 《Annals of oncology》2008,19(4):739-745
BACKGROUND: Gefitinib is active in patients with pretreated non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We evaluated the activity and toxicity of gefitinib first-line treatment in advanced NSCLC followed by chemotherapy at disease progression. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In all, 63 patients with chemotherapy-naive stage IIIB/IV NSCLC received gefitinib 250 mg/day. At disease progression, gefitinib was replaced by cisplatin 80 mg/m(2) on day 1 and gemcitabine 1250 mg/m(2) on days 1, 8 for up to six 3-week cycles. Primary end point was the disease stabilization rate (DSR) after 12 weeks of gefitinib. RESULTS: After 12 weeks of gefitinib, the DSR was 24% and the response rate (RR) was 8%. Median time to progression (TtP) was 2.5 months and median overall survival (OS) 11.5 months. Never smokers (n = 9) had a DSR of 56% and a median OS of 20.2 months; patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation (n = 4) had a DSR of 75% and the median OS was not reached after the follow-up of 21.6 months. In all, 41 patients received chemotherapy with an overall RR of 34%, DSR of 71% and median TtP of 6.7 months. CONCLUSIONS: First-line gefitinib monotherapy led to a DSR of 24% at 12 weeks in an unselected patients population. Never smokers and patients with EGFR mutations tend to have a better outcome; hence, further trials in selected patients are warranted. 相似文献
109.
David Weissbrodt Ralf Mueller Jessica Perrin Juergen Backhaus Jost B Jonas 《Journal of ocular pharmacology and therapeutics》2007,23(1):54-56
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to report on a new technique for examining aqueous humor. PARTICIPANTS: Aqueous humor samples obtained from 198 patients (cataract: n=66 eyes; age-related macular degeneration [AMD]: n=66; diabetic macular edema: n=66) were in vitro examined by mid infrared spectroscopy. After training and validating the technique, 66 samples were taken for the final independent prediction. RESULTS: In computerized analysis of the spectrometric data, 22 (100%) cataract eyes were diagnosed as the cataract group, 17 (77%) diabetic macular edema eyes were diagnosed as the diabetic macular edema group, and 14 (64%) eyes with AMD were diagnosed as the AMD group. Mid infrared spectrometry could statistically significantly (P=0.004) differentiate between the 3 study groups. CONCLUSIONS: Mid infrared spectroscopic examination of aqueous humor may be able to differentiate eyes with cataract, AMD, or diabetic macular edema. 相似文献
110.