Epidemiology of whole body,peripheral, and central adiposity in adolescents from a Brazilian state capital

The aim of this study was to associate the epidemiology of whole body, peripheral, and central adiposity with sociodemographic characteristics, health-related behaviors, and biological maturation of adolescents from a Brazilian state capital. A cross-sectional school-based study was conducted in Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil with 818 adolescents aged 14 to 18 years, and 61.8% female. The peripheral adiposity was assessed by the triceps skinfold thickness and the central adiposity by the subscapular skinfold thickness, using cutoff greater than or equal to percentile 90 of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention reference curve. Adolescents with high whole body adiposity were those showing skinfold thickness values above the reference percentile. Logistic regression analysis was applied using multivariable model. The prevalence of high whole body, peripheral, and central adiposity was 8.0%, 8.7%, and 10.3% for boys and 3.8%, 6.3%, and 11.1% for girls, respectively. Factors associated with this outcome in boys were overweight/obesity and low aerobic fitness (p < 0.05). Besides these factors, girls were also associated with excessive body fat, low paternal schooling, and puberty status (p < 0.05). Physical activity, sedentary behavior, and eating habits were not associated with this outcome. It was concluded that the main predictors of high body adiposity were overweight and low aerobic fitness in both sexes and low parental schooling and puberty status in females.     

儿童继发性结肠套叠临床分析

目的 总结结肠息肉继发结肠套叠的临床特点,指导临床诊治.方法 回顾我院诊治的12例结肠息肉继发结肠套叠临床表现、影像学检查和治疗经过.结果 12例患儿通过超声或CT结合低压空气灌肠得到结肠套叠的诊断并且复位,肠镜的检查证实在套叠部位有息肉.11例在纤维肠镜下作息肉切除,1例开腹手术.结论 继发性结肠套叠的临床症状具有可...     

CTLA-4Ig融合蛋白对病毒性心肌炎小鼠Foxp3+调节性T细胞的影响

目的 探讨细胞毒T淋巴细胞相关抗原4免疫球蛋白(CTLA-4Ig)对柯萨奇B3病毒(CVB3)病毒性心肌炎(VMC)小鼠的病死率、心肌病理改变、病毒复制和心肌组织中Foxp3+调节性T细胞(Tregs)的影响.方法 106只4 ～ 6周龄健康雄性Balb/c小鼠,体质量为12 ～ 16 g,随机分为CTLA-4Ig组16只、病毒组40只、IgG组40只及正常对照组10只,CTLA-4Ig组、病毒组和IgG组小鼠腹腔注射半数组织细胞感染量(TCID50)为10-3/L的CVB3 0.15 ml,正常对照组小鼠接种0.15 ml不含病毒的Eagle液.CTLA-4Ig组、IgG组小鼠于接种病毒后6、72 h分别注射CTLA-4Ig(0.1 mg/kg)及IgG(0.1 mg/kg).接种病毒后第7天处死所有小鼠在光镜下观察心肌病理变化并计算心肌组织病理积分;采用实时荧光定量PCR(RQ-PCR)检测心肌组织中CVB3 mRNA的表达;采用免疫组织化学法检测Foxp3分子在心肌组织中的表达,并计算Foxp3+ Tregs所占浸润细胞数的百分率.结果 与病毒对照组相比较,CTLA-4Ig组小鼠病死率降低(80%比50%,P ＜ 0.05),心肌组织病理积分下降(1.78 ± 1.05比1.00 ± 0.72,P ＜ 0.05),心肌CVB3 mRNA表达减少(3.48 ± 2.89比0.81 ± 1.06,P ＜ 0.05);CTLA-4Ig组小鼠心肌组织中Foxp3+ Tregs所占浸润细胞数的百分率较病毒组明显增加(9.22 ± 2.28)% 比(5.42 ± 1.59)%,(P ＜ 0.05).结论 CTLA-4Ig可减轻VMC小鼠心肌炎症,降低心肌病毒复制及病死率,其机制可能与上调Foxp3+ Tregs比、抑制T细胞活化有关.     

不同肾脏血管损害程度的紫癜性肾炎患儿外周血内皮祖细胞数量与功能变化

目的 探讨内皮祖细胞(EPCs)数量、迁移与黏附能力的变化及与紫癜性肾炎(HSPN)患儿肾脏血管损害的关系.方法 将48例HSPN患儿按肾脏血管损害程度分为轻、中、重3组;分离与培养外周血单个核细胞,免疫荧光法鉴定EPCs,流式细胞术检测EPCs的数量,并检测其迁移与黏附能力.结果 血管中、重度病变组外周血CD34、血管内皮生长因子受体2(KDR)、CD133阳性细胞率均低于轻度病变组(P均＜ 0.05),血管重度病变组外周血CD34、KDR、CD133阳性细胞率均低于轻度病变组与中度病变组(P均＜ 0.05).血管轻、中、重度病变组外周血EPCs黏附与迁移能力依次降低,重度病变组明显高于轻、中度病变组(P均＜ 0.05).结论 肾脏血管损伤参与HSPN的发生与发展,而EPCs的数量、迁移与黏附能力变化是肾脏血管病变的重要影响因素.     

老年社区获得性肺炎病原学分析及临床对策

目的:观察佛山市南海区老年社区获得性肺炎病原菌的分布情况,为经验性治疗提供依据。方法:对183例符合CAP诊断标准的患者留取痰标本进行细菌培养,采用血清方法监测非典型病原菌。结果:183例患者病原菌检测阳性共有92例,共获得致病菌117株,其中检测出单一病原菌感染为69例,2种混合感染21例,3种混合感染仅2例。结论:老年社区获得性肺炎的主要病原菌是肺炎链球菌,因此经验治疗应选用广谱抗生素,如新型喹诺酮类及第2、3代头孢菌素等疗效较好。     

近端胃切除人工三角瓣成形抗反流术的力学机理仿真分析

目的:对食管胃结合部腺癌近端胃切除术（PG）人工三角瓣成形后残胃食糜进行流体动力学数值模拟,并计算不同性质胃内食糜的流动特征。方法:构建常规PG和人工三角瓣成形术术后胃仿真模型,运用Fluent软件对不同粘度胃内食糜反流问题进行数值模拟。结果:站立位姿态时,相对常规PG方案,人工三角瓣成形手术方案表现出较好的抗反流作用;卧位姿态时,当胃内食糜粘度大于0.145 2 Pa[?s,且胃内食糜不超过人工三角瓣情况下,人工三角瓣成形抗反流手术表现出较好的抗反流效果;人工三角瓣抗反流成形手术方案数值模拟结果与临床上患者表现一致。结论:本研究仿真分析为人工三角瓣成形抗反流手术方案的有效性机理分析、临床患者术后饮食及手术方案的进一步改进提供理论及数值依据。【关键词】食管胃结合部腺癌;抗反流;人工三角瓣;计算流体力学     

FAP-α和VEGF在卵巢癌中的表达及意义

目的:检测卵巢癌组织中纤维母细胞活化蛋白-α(fibroblast activation proteinα,FAP-α)和血管内皮生长因子(vascular endothelial growth factor,VEGF)的表达情况,探讨其与卵巢癌侵袭和转移的关系.方法:应用免疫组织化学法检测80例卵巢癌组织和30例正常...     

小鼠肠道3型固有淋巴样细胞检测与分析方法研究

目的建立小鼠肠道(包括小肠和结肠)黏膜固有层3型固有淋巴样细胞(ILC3)检测与分析的方法。方法小鼠麻醉后分离小肠和结肠组织,利用不同的消化液分别获得小肠和结肠固有层淋巴细胞悬液,通过CD45⁺CD3^-CD90.2⁺RORγt⁺流式分析策略检测ILC3比例,通过IL-23刺激后用流式细胞术分析显示ILC3的IL-22表达水平。结果小肠和结肠固有层淋巴细胞成功分离,流式细胞术检测显示ILC3细胞分群显著并明显表达IL-22。在小肠和结肠中,ILC3在淋巴细胞中的占比分别为(8.30±2.42)%和(1.43±0.34)%,IL-22⁺ILC3在RORγt⁺ILC3中的占比分别为(38.98±8.76)%和(85.86±1.72)%。结论本研究成功建立了小鼠小肠和结肠黏膜固有层ILC3的检测和分析方法,为相关研究奠定了技术基础。     

Association Between Clinical Burden and Blood Eosinophil Counts in Asthma: Findings From a Korean Adult Asthma Cohort

BackgroundSome reports have suggested that the clinical and economic burdens of asthma are associated with blood eosinophil levels. The association between clinical burden and blood eosinophil counts were evaluated in a Korean adult asthma cohort.MethodsClinical information including blood eosinophil counts that were not affected by systemic corticosteroids were extracted from the Cohort for Reality and Evolution of Adult Asthma in Korea database. Clinical burden was defined as 1) asthma control status, 2) medication demand and 3) acute exacerbation (AE) events during 1 consecutive year after enrollment. All patients were divided into atopic and non-atopic asthmatics. The associations between asthma outcomes and the blood eosinophil count were evaluated.ResultsIn total, 302 patients (124 atopic and 178 non-atopic asthmatics) were enrolled. In all asthmatics, the risk of severe AE was higher in patients with blood eosinophil levels < 100 cells/µL than in patients with levels ≥ 100 cells/µL (odds ratio [OR], 5.406; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.266–23.078; adjusted P = 0.023). Among atopic asthmatics, the risk of moderate AE was higher in patients with blood eosinophil levels ≥ 300 cells/µL than in patients with levels < 300 cells/µL (OR, 3.558; 95% CI, 1.083–11.686; adjusted P = 0.036). Among non-atopic asthmatics, the risk of medication of Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) steps 4 or 5 was higher in patients with high blood eosinophil levels than in patients with low blood eosinophil levels at cutoffs of 100, 200, 300, 400, and 500 cells/µL.ConclusionThe baseline blood eosinophil count may predict the future clinical burden of asthma.