眼眶淋巴瘤的高频声像及彩色多普勒超声诊断

目的 分析探讨眼眶淋巴瘤的高频声像及彩色血流多普勒的图像特性,以找出一些超声诊断规律.方法 回顾分析了7例眼眶内淋巴瘤临床表现、好发部位、超声特征,并与术后病理进行对比研究.结果 发现本组眼眶淋巴瘤的高频超声声像图具有一定的特征表现,与肿瘤的病理解剖及组织特性表现相关.并对眼眶淋巴瘤的彩色血流显示率、血流流速及阻力指数进行了统计学分析处理.结论 眼眶内淋巴瘤的高频声像图具有一定的特征性超声表现,肿块有丰富的血流显示,流速高,结合好发部位及临床表现有助于对肿块病理性质的诊断.     

自体外周血干细胞治疗巨大压疮的护理

干细胞具有分化成各种不同类型细胞的能力和自我更新的能力[1]。干细胞治疗的生物学原理是组织定向分化[2],已被应用到各种组织,包括骨、神经组织、营养障碍和受损骨骼肌的再生。笔者2006年1月—2006年12月对3例巨大压疮病人成功实施自体外周血干细胞治疗,取得了很好效果。现报     

肾小球疾病患者的血液流变学与临床生化关系分析

在肾小球疾病的发生及发展过程中，患者血液流变性可出现异常．我们对４０例肾小球疾病患者的血液流变学及临床生化指标检测结果表明，血液流变学指标的改变与血生化指标明显相关，现将结果报告如下．     

Carbamazepine-induced hypersensitivity syndrome in chronic schizophrenia

Drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome is a clinically important issue. We report a case of carbamazepine-induced hypersensitivity syndrome in a 35-year-old schizophrenia patient. This patient had no previous food or medication allergy history and presented a negative test result of HLA-B*1502 genotype. After 19 days exposure of carbamazepine, high fever up to 39.4°C, leucopenia (1670/mm³), proteinuria and bilateral lung field infiltration were developed. These clinically significant physical conditions resolved after discontinuing carbamazepine. The importance of genetic susceptibility other than HLA-B*1502 should not be overlooked in drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome.     

Incidence of first onset alcohol use disorder: a 16-year follow-up in the Taiwanese aborigines

Purpose

To investigate the incidence and cumulative risk of first onset alcohol use disorder (AUD) in a 16-year follow-up among Taiwanese aboriginal populations.

Methods

Participants included in this study were cohort subjects free from any AUD at phase 1 survey (n = 428 for DSM-3-R and 451 for DSM-4) of the Taiwan aboriginal study project conducted in 1986–1988. They were reassessed approximately 16 years later, with a response rate of 98.8 %. A Chinese version of the WHO schedules for clinical assessment in neuropsychiatry was employed to assess the lifetime drinking history and AUD.

Results

Age-standardized annual incidence rates of AUD in all groups were 2.26 and 1.75 % according to DSM-3-R and DSM-4, respectively. The overall incidence rates of AUD were comparable to most of other studies in Caucasian populations, but the sex ratios of women to men were higher in this study (1:2–3) than in the latter (1:6). The incidence of AUD was higher with DSM-3-R than with DSM-4 criteria in this study, attributable to the exclusion of physical/psychological harm in DSM-4 alcohol abuse. The cumulative risks of DSM-4 AUD in this study were very high, being 72.2 ± 19.8 for men and 48.7 ± 8.2 for women up to the age of 65 years.

Conclusions

High incidence rates and cumulative risks of AUD in Taiwanese aborigines demand effective prevention strategy.     

Terbutaline prevents circulatory failure and mitigates mortality in rodents with endotoxemia

Septic shock is characterized by a decrease in systemic vascular resistance. Nevertheless, regional increases in vascular resistance can occur that may predispose mammals to organ dysfunction, including the acute respiratory distress syndrome. In the host infected by endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide, LPS), the expression and release of proinflammatory tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha) rapidly increases, and this cytokine production is regulated by agents elevating cyclic AMP. In this report, we present evidence that terbutaline, a beta2-agonist, inhibits TNFalpha production and enhances interleukin-10 (IL-10) release in the anesthetized rat treated with LPS. In addition, an overproduction of nitric oxide (NO, examined by its metabolites nitrite/nitrate) by inducible NO synthase (iNOS, examined by western blot analysis) is attenuated by pretreatment of LPS rats with terbutaline. Overall, pretreatment of rats with terbutaline attenuates the delayed hypotension and prevents vascular hyporeactivity to norepinephrine. In addition, pretreatment of mice with terbutaline also improves the survival in a model of severe endotoxemia. The infiltration of polymorphonuclear neutrophils into organs (e.g., lung and liver) from the surviving LPS mice treated with terbutaline was reduced almost to that seen in the normal controls. These findings suggest that the inhibition of TNFalpha and NO (via iNOS) production as well as the increment of IL-10 production contribute to the beneficial effect of terbutaline in animals with endotoxic shock.     

The Inhibitory Effect of Pseudomonas stutzeri YM6 on Aspergillus flavus Growth and Aflatoxins Production by the Production of Volatile Dimethyl Trisulfide

Aspergillus flavus and the produced aflatoxins cause great hazards to food security and human health across all countries. The control of A. flavus and aflatoxins in grains during storage is of great significance to humans. In the current study, bacteria strain YM6 isolated from sea sediment was demonstrated effective in controlling A. flavus by the production of anti-fungal volatiles. According to morphological characteristics and phylogenetic analysis, strain YM6 was identified as Pseudomonas stutzeri. YM6 can produce abundant volatile compounds which could inhibit mycelial growth and conidial germination of A. flavus. Moreover, it greatly prevented fungal infection and aflatoxin production on maize and peanuts during storage. The inhibition rate was 100%. Scanning electron microscopy further supported that the volatiles could destroy the cell structure of A. flavus and prevent conidia germination on the grain surface. Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry revealed that dimethyl trisulfide (DMTS) with a relative abundance of 13% is the most abundant fraction in the volatiles from strain YM6. The minimal inhibitory concentration of DMTS to A. flavus conidia is 200 µL/L (compound volume/airspace volume). Thus, we concluded that Pseudomonas stutzeri YM6 and the produced DMTS showed great inhibition to A. flavus, which could be considered as effective biocontrol agents in further application.     

Anticancer peptide Q7 suppresses the growth and migration of human endometrial cancer by inhibiting DHCR24 expression and modulating the AKT-mediated pathway

Endometrial cancer is one of the most common malignancy affecting women in developed countries. Resection uterus or lesion area is usually the first option for a simple and efficient therapy. Therefore, it is necessary to find a new therapeutic drug to reduce surgery areas to preserve fertility. Anticancer peptides (ACP) are bioactive amino acids with lower toxicity and higher specificity than chemical drugs. This study is to address an ACP, herein named Q7, which could downregulate 24-Dehydrocholesterol Reductase (DHCR24) to disrupt lipid rafts formation, and sequentially affect the AKT signal pathway of HEC-1-A cells to suppress their tumorigenicity such as proliferation and migration. Moreover, lipo-PEI-PEG-complex (LPPC) was used to enhance Q7 anticancer activity in vitro and efficiently show its effects on HEC-1-A cells. Furthermore, LPPC-Q7 exhibited a synergistic effect in combination with doxorubicin or paclitaxel. To summarize, Q7 was firstly proved to exhibit an anticancer effect on endometrial cancer cells and combined with LPPC efficiently improved the cytotoxicity of Q7.