Protective effects of deferoxamine mesylate preconditioning on pancreatic tissue in orthotopic liver autotransplantation in rats

Background

Deferoxamine mesylate is known to ameliorate tissue ischemia-reperfusion injury. This study was designed to explore the impact of deferoxamine mesylate preconditioning (DMP) on pancreatic tissue and its possible effects during orthotopic liver autotransplantation.

Methods

A modified orthotopic liver autotransplantation model was used to simulate pancreatic ischemia-reperfusion injury. Sprague-Dawley rats (0.25-0.30 kg) were randomly divided into normal control, autotransplantation (AT), systemic deferoxamine mesylate preconditioning (SDMP), and partial deferoxamine mesylate conditioning (PDMC) groups. The SDMP group was injected with deferoxamine mesylate (75-90 mg; 300 mg/kg), via the celiac artery at 24 and 48 hours before surgery. During surgery, the PDMC group underwent liver perfusion by means of deferoxamine mesylate solution (20 ml; 0.6 mmol/L) rather than Ringer's lactate solution, with no prior preconditioning. At 6, 24, and 48 hours after surgery, the rats were sacrificed to sample their pancreatic tissues for the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) and malondialdehyde (MDA) content. The samples were subjected to blood chemistry analyses, light and transmission electron microscopic morphological studies, and quantitative measurement of HIF-1α expression.

Results

The serum levels of amylase, lipase, and MDA in SDMP and PDMC groups were significantly lower than those in the AT group at 6, 24, and 48 hours after orthotopic liver autotransplantation (P < .05). Light and electron microscopic analyses showed much more severe pancreatic injury in the autotransplantation than in the SDMP and PDMC groups. The HIF-1α expression was increased in the SDMP and PDMC groups more than in the autotransplantation group (P < .05).

Conclusions

Deferoxamine mesylate preconditioning protected pancreatic tissue in orthotopic liver autotransplantation in rats. Inhibition of oxidative toxic reactions and up-regulated expression of HIF-1α protein are possible mechanisms.     

Anterior endoscopically assisted transcervical reconstruction of the upper cervical spine

Anterior decompression and/or reconstruction can be an effective method for the surgical treatment of ventral spinal cord compression in the upper cervical spine. Options for traditional surgical approaches include transoral, transnasal, and extraoral. The risk and complex anatomy with the aforementioned approaches induces surgeons to use the transcervical route to expose the upper cervical spine. A traditional transcervical approach, however, carries the disadvantages of a deep operative field and steep trajectory. We performed a new endoscopically assisted method of anterior reconstruction for the treatment of ventral lesions in upper cervical spine. Six patients were treated from January 2005 to December 2007. Among those six patients, three patients were diagnosed with fixed atlantoaxial dislocations, two with plasmacytomas, and one with a giant cell tumor. All patients were treated by combined endoscopically assisted anterior reconstruction and posterior fusion. One patient with a fixed atlantoaxial dislocation sustained a cerebrospinal fluid leak in the immediate postoperative period, which spontaneously resolved 7 days after surgery. None of the patients had any neurologic deterioration following surgery, nor did any require admission to the intensive care unit for any reason. At the final follow-up, all patients were found to have evidence of a successful clinical outcomes and radiographic fusion. There were no implant failures or radiographic signs of implant migration or loosening. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that an anterior transcervical decompression using endoscopic visualization combined with a posterior arthodesis can achieve good clinical and radiographic outcomes.     

426例陕西地区泌尿系结石红外光谱成份分析

目的探讨近年来陕西地区泌尿系结石成份构成情况,并根据结石成份构成指导泌尿系结石的治疗和预防。方法采用天津LIIR型结石红外光谱自动分析系统对426例陕西地区泌尿系结石标本进行成份分析。结果多种成份混合结石占72．30％;各成份的检出率为：一水草酸钙71．83％、碳酸磷灰石63．85％、二水草酸钙42．26％、无水尿酸11．03％、尿酸铵3．76％、磷酸铵镁3．29％。结论陕西地区泌尿系结石的主要成分为草酸钙,碳酸磷灰石和尿酸类结石。     

国产微螺钉种植体支抗稳定性的临床分析

目的：统计国产微螺钉种植体的脱落率,分析不同加载时机对种植体稳定性的影响。寻找临床上的最佳加载时机。方法：采用回顾性分析的方法,对39例就诊于西安交通大学口腔医院正畸科的患者植入的微螺钉种植体支抗资料进行回顾,分类并统计,根据不同加载情况将种植体归为即刻加载组,两周加载组和不加载组3组,分别对3组种植体临床脱落情况进行统计,得出各组种植体脱落率;根据实验研究的结果,分析影响稳定性的因素。比较不同加载状态对种植体稳定性的影响以及可能影响脱落率的因素。结果：两周后加载的种植体脱落率表现得最低为10%,即刻加载组脱落率为50%;而不加力组脱落率最高为79%。结论：种植体植入后两周加载对于种植体稳定性比不加载稳定性要高;即刻加力的种植体稳定性比不加力的种植体稳定性差。     

皮瓣松解加眼轮匝肌离断法矫治内眦赘皮

目的探讨一种操作简单、瘢痕隐蔽、适用于各型内眦赘皮的矫正都可获得较好效果的手术方法。方法依据近年来对于内眦赘皮病理解剖结构研究,认为内眦赘皮主要是由于上下睑眼轮匝肌于内眦韧带起始部位的错位,并影响皮肤的形态所形成,而并非是单纯的皮肤多余。以此研究成果为指导,设计了松解内眦皮肤与眼轮匝肌的粘连以及矫正内眦部位眼轮匝肌错位的矫治术式,即皮瓣松解加眼轮匝肌离断法。结果共矫治内眦赘皮57例,术后内眦部形态美观,眼裂增宽,瘢痕不明显,患者和医者都较满意。结论所设计术式适应范围较广,对矫治各型内眦赘皮皆能适用,效果较好。     

宫、腹腔镜在治疗剖宫产瘢痕部妊娠中的应用价值

目的探讨剖宫产瘢痕部妊娠（caesarean scar pregnancy,CSP）的诊断及宫、腹腔镜治疗的可行性。方法回顾性分析2000年1月~2010年8月31例子宫下段剖宫产瘢痕部妊娠患者的临床资料。V ial分型Ⅰ型18例,Ⅱ型13例。Ⅰ型应用宫腔镜行妊娠病灶切除术,Ⅱ型应用腹腔镜行子宫瘢痕部位病灶楔形切除＋子宫修补术。结果应用宫腔镜行妊娠病灶局部切除术18例,其中2例包块直径〉3 cm,改行腹腔镜下局部病灶楔形切除＋子宫修补术。应用腹腔镜治疗13例,其中2例因局部包块直径〉5 cm,中转开腹行病灶楔形切除术＋子宫修补术。31例均痊愈出院。无严重并发症发生,术后血β-hCG降至正常时间15~30 d,（20.7±5.3）d,月经周期均恢复正常。结论 CSP如能早期诊断,应用腔镜治疗是可行的,能保留患者生殖功能,值得临床推广。     

斜卧位微创经皮肾镜治疗上尿路结石

目的探讨斜卧位微创经皮肾镜碎石术（minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy,MPCNL）治疗上尿路结石的可行性。方法 2009年8月-2010年10月,采用斜卧45°体位行MPCNL治疗上尿路结石57例,包括肾结石49例,输尿管上段结石8例。结果 57例均Ⅰ期建立经皮肾通道成功,无穿刺失败或中转开放手术。平均手术时间85 min（45-120min）。一期结石清除率100%（57/57）。肾造瘘管留置时间1-3 d,平均住院时间6 d（4-7 d）。未出现严重并发症。结论斜卧位施行MPCNL手术治疗上尿路结石具有安全、高效、微创的特点,患者体位舒适,便于术中麻醉监测,术中碎石易排出,值得临床推广应用。     

水通道蛋白4调控恶性胶质瘤细胞凋亡的研究

Objective To investigate the effects of apuaporin 4 (AQP4) on apoposis of LN229 glioblastoma cells by AQP4 small RNA interference (siRNA) technology and the molecular mechanism.Methods AQP4 expression was knocked down in LN229 glioblastoma cells by AQP4 siRNA (scr/LN229 and siAQP4/LN229 cells). The expression level of AQP4 protein in LN229 cells was detected by Western blotting. Stable clones were used to measure cells survival ratio (6 days) by methyl thiazol tetrazolium ( MTT) assay. Flow cytometry (FCM) was used to examine the content of cytochrome C in siAQP4/LN229 and scr/LN229. Western blotting was used to measure the levels of cytochrome C, bcl-2 and Bad. Nu/Nu mice were subcutaneously injected with siAQP4/LN229 and scr/LN229 cells to study the growth of tumor in the two groups (20 mice in each group). Results Western blotting showed that the expression of AQP4 was decreased significantly; MTT assay suggested that the survival ratio was decreased with deficiency of AQP4: the survival ratio of scr/LN229 was (587.00 ±4.68)%, and the ratio of siAQP4/N229 was (317. 00 ± 26. 30)% at sixth day (P＜0. 05). The mean fluorescence density of cytochrome C in scr/LN229 and siAQP4/LN229 by FCM was (57.2 ± 16.64) and (468.8 ±46.9) respectively (P＜0.05). The relative intensity of cytochrome C and Bad in siAQP4/N229 cells was ( 1. 62 ±0. 16) and (1. 30 ±0. 24) respectively, and that in scr/LN229 cells was (0. 83 ±0. 29) and (0. 56 ±0. 21) respectively (P＜0. 05). The intensity of bcl-2 in siAQP4/N229 cells (0.53 ±0.03) was decreased compared to scr/LN229 cells (0. 73 ± 0. 12) ( P ＜ 0. 05). The subcutaneous mouse xenograft model showed that the mean tumor volume of scr/LN229 group was (402. 67 ±34. 27) mm3, and that of siAQP4/N229 group was (65. 15 ±32. 12) mm3 at the 6th week. Conclusion AQP4 can regulate apoptosis of glioblastoma cell line LN229, which may be related with the release of cytocherome C, Bad and bcl-2.     

精液/精子质量与复发性流产关系的病例对照研究

目的:分析精液常规参数与复发性流产间的关系。方法:采用1∶1配对病例对照研究,比较复发性流产患者配偶与健康体检男性间的精液相关参数。结果:相对于对照组,病例组的精液量[(1.95±1.11)mlvs(2.74±1.43)ml]、精子浓度[(48.68±20.07)×106/ml vs(59.26±25.35)×106/ml]、b级精子百分率[(12.07±3.34)%vs(16.18±6.74)%]、果糖含量[(1.73±0.64)g/L vs(2.21±0.75)g/L]、顶体酶活性[(84.34±26.69)U/mg prot vs(94.20±26.35)U/mg prot]、α-葡糖苷酶(α-GLU)[(36.28±15.98)U/ml vs(44.45±12.54)U/ml]和酸性磷酸酶(ACP)[(68.55±35.45)U/ml vs(84.78±51.10)U/ml]的含量较低(P<0.05),头部畸形精子百分率[(47.36±4.59)%vs(46.50±6.32)%]、尾部畸形精子百分率[(7.56±2.27)%vs(7.28±3.10)%]和弹性硬蛋白酶[(885.64±1 272.30)ng/ml vs(661.08±764.64)ng/ml]的含量较高(P<0.05);判别分析结果显示,精液量、b级精子百分率、混合畸形精子百分率、果糖含量、α-GLU含量和ACP含量可用于复发性流产男性精液/精子质量的判断。结论:常规精液/精子质量相关检测对于评价复发性流产精液因素具有一定的意义,但需要综合分析,特异性不够;精液/精子质量相对较差与复发性流产发生相关。