二巯基丙磺酸钠解救毒鼠强中毒的疗效分析

目的：探求急性毒鼠强中毒（ＡＴＩ）的临床解毒方法。方法：应用二巯基丙磺酸钠解救ＡＴＩ３４例，进行疗效观察，并与既往常规治疗的２３例进行对照比较。结果：治疗组获得满意疗效，３例死亡，有效率９１．２％；对照组预后欠佳，死亡１３例，有效率４３．５％。结论：二巯基丙磺酸钠（Ｎａ—ＤＭＰＳ）对ＡＴＩ具有良好的止痉作用，可明显提高治疗效果。     

Klinische Erfahrungen mit der Knorpel-Knochen-Transplantation

The treatment of deep cartilage defects in load-bearing joints is a problem that still has no satisfactory solution. Full-thickness defects of the articular cartilage rarely heal spontaneously, usually leaving damage that can lead to early arthrosis. Techniques currently available for the treatment of chondral defects include abrasion, drilling, micro-fracturing, transplantation of tissue autografts and allografts, and cell transplantation. Osteochondral autograft transplantation is currently the only surgical cartilage repair technique known to lead to the formation of genuine hyaline articular cartilage and its retention at least in the medium term. The Draenert method, in which a water-cooled diamond bone-cutting system is used, is an effective procedure for resurfacing the joints affected by localised cartilaginous defects, even when there is also severe bone loss. Donor-side morbidity can be kept to a minimum by filling the defect caused by harvesting with a press-fit cylinder of cancellous bone covered with periosteum for protection.     

不稳定型心绞痛患者内皮素及血管性假血友病因子的改变

目的 观察不稳定型心绞痛 (Unstableanginapectoris,UAP)患者内皮素 (Endothelin,ET)及血管性假血友病因子 (vonWillebrandfactor,vWF)的变化。方法 不稳定型心绞痛患者34例、正常人21名分别在清晨采血测定ET及vWF值。 结果 不稳定型心绞痛患者ET(129.3±26.4) pg/ml及vWF(185.4±32.4) %值明显高于正常人(85.2±39.6)pg/ml及(142.1±42.0) % ,两者之间不具有显著相关性 (r=0.15,P>0.05)。结论 ET及vWF的改变可能参与了不稳定型心绞痛的病理生理过程。     

De-novo expression of vascular ecto-5′-nucleotidase and down-regulation of glomerular ecto-ATPase in experimental chronic renal transplant failure

Ischemic injury plays an important role in chronic renal transplant failure (CRTF). Down-regulation of ecto-adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) in combination with up-regulation of ecto-5'-nucleotidase is a hallmark of ischemic injury. We studied the expression of renal ecto-5'-nucleotidase and ecto-ATPase in experimental renal transplantation. Fisher 344-to-Lewis allografted rats were either treated with an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEi) or left untreated. Lewis-to-Lewis syngrafted rats served as controls. Untreated allografted rats developed proteinuria, glomerulosclerosis, and mild intimal hyperplasia. ACEi completely prevented focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis (FGS) and proteinuria, but significantly enhanced intimal hyperplasia. Untreated allografted rats revealed marked vascular ecto-5'-nucleotidase activity, which increased with ACEi. Vascular ecto-5'-nucleotidase activity was absent in syngrafted animals. Ecto-5'-nucleotidase activity correlated well with intimal hyperplasia. Glomerular ecto-ATPase expression was significantly reduced in untreated allografted rats compared to syngrafted rats and correlated well with the extent of FGS. ACEi prevented reduction in glomerular ecto-ATPase. We found de-novo expression of ecto-5'-nucleotidase at sites of renal intimal hyperplasia. Glomerular ecto-ATPase expression was markedly reduced in allografted rats and was prevented by ACEi. These enzyme expression patterns suggest local ischemic damage in experimental CRTF.     

创伤后肝细胞凋亡与坏死的检测及其意义

目的 探讨严重创伤后肝细胞凋亡及坏死在急性肝功能障碍发病机制中的作用。方法复制多发性骨折合并休克的大鼠创伤模型,采用 Annexin－V－Flous、碘化丙锭(propidium iodid,PI)双标法经流式细胞仪检测创伤后各时间点肝细胞凋亡与坏死的数量变化,结合光镜、电镜和电泳观察细胞凋亡与坏死,并与肝功能变化相比较。结果创伤后早期肝细胞即发生凋亡和坏死,坏死肝细胞的数量进行性升高,与肝功能变化显著呈正相关;凋亡肝细胞在创伤后3h达高峰,部分凋亡肝细胞发生继发性坏死,其数量与肝功能变化显著正相关。结论肝细胞坏死与凋亡是严重创伤后肝功能损害的重要原因,坏死肝细胞是肝功能损害的直接因素,凋亡肝细胞通过发生继发性坏死加重肝功能损害。     

青菜的保鲜贮藏研究

目的 :延长青菜在冷藏条件下的贮藏期 ,解决海军舰艇冷藏库蔬菜贮藏期短的问题。方法 :使用塑料袋、纸箱、塑料筐为包装材料 ,塑料袋内充O3 负离子对青菜在 2℃和 9℃条件下进行保鲜贮藏。结果 :2℃条件下塑料袋包装青菜贮藏期延长至 2 5d ,腐烂率小于 5 .9%。结论 :使用塑料袋包装青菜 ,适宜的贮藏温度为 2℃。     

VEGF在膀胱移行细胞癌中的表达及意义

目的：探讨膀胱移行细胞癌中血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）的表达及其与临床病理指标的关系。方法：应用免疫组化方法对40例膀胱移行细胞癌及15例正常膀胱组织中VEGF进行检测。结果：正常膀胱移行上皮均为阴性表达；膀胱移行细胞癌中VEGF阳性表达24例，表达率为60％（24／40），明显高于正常膀胱组织（P＜0.01），其中VEGF表达阳性率随膀胱癌病理分级、临床分期上升而升高，表达强度也随之增强（P＜0.01）。结论：VEGF表达对膀胱移行细胞癌生物学行为有重要影响，VEGF有可能可作为判断膀胱癌生物学行为、转移潜能及预后指标。     

The concept of culture: A core issue in health disparities

Contemporary discourse contains numerous examples of use of the concept of culture by social and behavioral scientists. Simple reification, where the speaker makes culture into a thing capable of action exemplifies one usage in public discourse. Some quantitative social scientists attempt to characterize people’s cultural identities by means of a single categorical variable, which often “lumps” people into categories such as “Hispanic” or “Black” that in fact have numerous culturally bounded subcategories. Approaches that emphasize cultural process are preferable to those who attempt to categorize; more complex measures of acculturation help investigators to make convincing analyses of circumstances in which health disparities occur. Examples in which investigators make appropriate use of cultural characterizations demonstrate their utility in investigating health disparities in Haitian American women, injecting and noninjecting drug users, Hispanic youth, and adult Hispanics at risk of HIV infection. Focus on culture in the study of health disparities can identify entanglements between structural factors such as poverty and lack of education and cultural factors such as beliefs about health. Qualitative methods coupled with quantitative methods have great potential to improve investigators’ grasp of cultural nuance while capturing the distribution of qualitatively derived behaviors.     

刘昌国教授治疗高位复杂性肛瘘经验谈

刘昌国教授，曾任新疆医科大学附属中医医院肛肠科主任，从事肛肠疾患临床研究逾四十余年，第二批名老中医学术继承专家，对于肛肠科疑难病治疗颇具心得，疗效卓越。今撷取其一加以整理记录，以飨同道。高位复杂性肛瘘是肛肠科的一种疑难病，指瘘道越过外括约肌深部以上，有两个以上外口，手术操作复杂，术中容易损伤肛门括约肌，造成肛门功能障碍，同时，术后也容易复发。自2004年2月至今，从师刘昌国老师，共诊治高位复杂性肛瘘患者12例，现分析如下：