多发肋骨骨折的治疗进展

多发肋骨骨折临床较为常见,而目前对于其治疗方案尚未达成共识.多发肋骨骨折的手术治疗和非手术治疗仍存在争议,而手术治疗的方式、材料的选择等也因人而异.近年来随着医学技术的发展,患者对健康的要求提高,对多发肋骨骨折治疗的研究日益深入,手术治疗的患者逐渐增加,但是对于手术治疗的效果缺乏有效的评价机制.准确评估患者病情、监测患者病情变化、选择合适治疗方式能够促进患者康复,减少并发症发生.本文通过对多发肋骨骨折治疗的研究进展进行综述,以求获得合理、规范、有效的治疗方案.     

Application of Q-TOF–MS based metabonomics techniques to analyze the plasma metabolic profile changes on rats following death due to acute intoxication of phorate

International Journal of Legal Medicine - Organophosphorus pesticides (OPS) are widely used in the world, and many poisoning cases were caused by them. Phorate intoxication is especially common in...     

Disrupted Intersubject Variability Architecture in Functional Connectomes in Schizophrenia

Schizophrenia (SCZ) is a highly heterogeneous disorder with remarkable intersubject variability in clinical presentations. Previous neuroimaging studies in SCZ have primarily focused on identifying group-averaged differences in the brain connectome between patients and healthy controls (HCs), largely neglecting the intersubject differences among patients. We acquired whole-brain resting-state functional MRI data from 121 SCZ patients and 183 HCs and examined the intersubject variability of the functional connectome (IVFC) in SCZ patients and HCs. Between-group differences were determined using permutation analysis. Then, we evaluated the relationship between IVFC and clinical variables in SCZ. Finally, we used datasets of patients with bipolar disorder (BD) and major depressive disorder (MDD) to assess the specificity of IVFC alteration in SCZ. The whole-brain IVFC pattern in the SCZ group was generally similar to that in HCs. Compared with the HC group, the SCZ group exhibited higher IVFC in the bilateral sensorimotor, visual, auditory, and subcortical regions. Moreover, altered IVFC was negatively correlated with age of onset, illness duration, and Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale scores and positively correlated with clinical heterogeneity. Although the SCZ shared altered IVFC in the visual cortex with BD and MDD, the alterations of IVFC in the sensorimotor, auditory, and subcortical cortices were specific to SCZ. The alterations of whole-brain IVFC in SCZ have potential implications for the understanding of the high clinical heterogeneity of SCZ and the future individualized clinical diagnosis and treatment of this disease.     

Short communication: isolation and phylogenetic analysis of an avian-origin H3N2 canine influenza virus in dog shelter, China

A H3N2 canine influenza virus, A/canine/Guangdong/3/2011 (H3N2), was isolated from roaming dogs in rural China. Sequence and phylogenetic analysis of eight gene segments revealed that the A/canine/Guangdong/3/2011 (H3N2) was most similar to a recent H3N2 canine influenza virus isolated in cats from South Korea, which originated from an avian strain. To our knowledge, this is the first report of an avian-origin H3N2 CIV which was isolated from roaming dogs in China. The epidemiologic information provided herein suggests that continued study is required to determine if this virus could be established in the roaming dog population in rural China and pose potential threats to public health.     

The nuclear 18S ribosomal RNA gene as a source of phylogenetic information in the genus Taenia

Most species of the genus Taenia are of considerable medical and veterinary significance. In this study, complete nuclear 18S rRNA gene sequences were obtained from seven members of genus Taenia [Taenia multiceps, Taenia saginata, Taenia asiatica, Taenia solium, Taenia pisiformis, Taenia hydatigena, and Taenia taeniaeformis] and a phylogeny inferred using these sequences. Most of the variable sites fall within the variable regions, V1–V5. We show that sequences from the nuclear 18S ribosomal RNA gene have considerable promise as sources of phylogenetic information within the genus Taenia. Furthermore, given that almost all the variable sites lie within defined variable portions of that gene, it will be appropriate and economical to sequence only those regions for additional species of Taenia.     

A recombined protein (rSj16) derived from Schistosoma japonicum induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of murine myeloid leukemia cells

rSj16, a recombined protein from Schistosoma japonicum, has been identified as an anti-inflammatory molecule. In this study, we demonstrated that rSj16 strongly suppressed the growth of murine myeloid leukemia WEHI-3B JCS cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. rSj16 induced apoptosis by increasing the proportion of sub-G1 apoptotic cells as well as causing cell cycle arrest at the G0/G1 phase. The expressions of cyclin D1, D2, D3, and E, and Cdk 2, 4, and 6 genes in WEHI-3B JCS cells were significantly down-regulated at 24 h as measured by real-time PCR. Furthermore, apoptosis induced by rSj16 was confirmed by 4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole nuclear staining assay and annexin V/propidium iodide double staining. A reduction of the mitochondrial membrane potential indicated an active involvement of mitochondria in the apoptosis process. rSj16 treatment induced an increase in the activity of caspase 3, 6, and 9, and expression of pro-apoptotic Bax. Meanwhile, the decreased expression of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 was observed after rSj16 treatment. Taken together, our results implied that rSj16 can inhibit proliferation by inducing G0/G1 cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of murine myeloid leukemia cells via activation of the caspase-mediated mechanism by regulating the expression of Bcl-2 family.     

精神分裂症患者与分裂型人格个体的时间加工行为特点

目的:探讨精神分裂症患者与分裂型人格个体的时间加工行为特征.方法:选取59名符合美国精神障碍诊断与统计手册第4版(DSM-Ⅳ)精神分裂症诊断标准的门诊或住院患者,62名通过分裂型人格问卷(SPQ)筛查的分裂型人格个体以及60名健康对照人群.通过时间辨别任务、时间产生任务、时间复制任务对3组被试的时间加工能力进行测查.结果:时间产生任务中,分裂型人格组的准确性得分大于健康对照组[(1.03±0.07) vs.(0.99±0.09),P＜0.05],精神分裂症组的变异系数大于健康对照组和分裂型人格组[(0.26±0.10) vs.(0.20±0.05),(0.20±0.05);均P＜0.01];时间复制任务中,精神分裂症组的变异系数大于健康对照组和分裂型人格组[(0.21±0.11) vs.(0.15±0.07),(0.17±0.12);均P＜0.01).结论:精神分裂症患者和分裂型人格个体都存在时间加工表现上的缺损,其中精神分裂症患者的缺损可能更为严重.     

Application of metagenomic next-generation sequencing in the diagnosis and treatment guidance of Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia in renal transplant recipients

European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases - Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PJP) is difficult to be diagnosed, so this study explored if PJP could be diagnosed...     

腰椎手术Wiltse入路准确进入多裂肌与最长肌间隙的解剖学基础

目的　探讨腰椎手术Wiltse入路的解剖学基础,提高该入路的稳定性和可操作性。 方法　成人标本20具,通过解剖观察双侧竖脊肌腱膜与多裂肌的关系;最长肌与竖脊肌腱膜的关系;多裂肌和最长肌间隙是否清晰,是否存在稳定的解剖标志;竖脊肌腱膜表面及其深面是否还存在其它结构可作为多裂肌和最长肌之间隙的解剖标志。 结果　多裂肌虽有少许纤维与竖脊肌腱膜相连接,仍可视为在竖脊肌腱膜上无起点;在腰部,最长肌在竖脊肌腱膜形成起点,起点的内缘自内上向外下斜行,并发出筋膜向深部延伸副突、横突,由此形成多裂肌与最长肌之间的分隔;在所有20具标本的左右两侧,以此隔膜为解剖标志向深部钝性分离,直接、顺利到达关节突;在竖脊肌腱膜表面未发现任何可作为多裂肌和竖脊肌间隙标志的解剖结构,剥离竖脊肌腱膜后在最长肌和多裂肌表面亦未发现可定位二者间隙的解剖标志;在多裂肌和最长肌间隙内,最长肌的内侧面可见清晰的节段神经及伴随血管。 结论　竖脊肌腱膜在最长肌内侧向深部的延续是腰椎手术Wiltse入路准确进入多裂肌和最长肌间隙的可靠解剖标志。     

血清生物标志物在缺血缺氧性脑病新生儿中的研究进展

治疗性低温疗法作为低氧缺血性脑病(hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy,HIE)治疗标准的广泛引入,给临床医生带来了越来越大的压力,要求他们对发生的低氧损伤(hypoxic injury,HI)的程度和随之而来的脑病的严重程度做出早期和准确的评估.然而,目前还没有任何一种基于血液的标志物足以检测HI或预测预后.许多炎症蛋白、神经元特异性蛋白和MicroRNA表达可预测HIE病情变化,这些变化在出生的几小时至几天内迅速演变.将临床数据与生化检测结果相结合是目前改善新生儿HIE的检测和预测结局的最可能途径.本文总结了目前对HIE血清生物标志物的研究,显示了其预测HIE预后的潜力.