全文获取类型
收费全文 | 5489篇 |
免费 | 264篇 |
国内免费 | 98篇 |
专业分类
耳鼻咽喉 | 95篇 |
儿科学 | 56篇 |
妇产科学 | 52篇 |
基础医学 | 900篇 |
口腔科学 | 138篇 |
临床医学 | 525篇 |
内科学 | 1050篇 |
皮肤病学 | 116篇 |
神经病学 | 463篇 |
特种医学 | 391篇 |
外科学 | 764篇 |
综合类 | 65篇 |
预防医学 | 222篇 |
眼科学 | 59篇 |
药学 | 483篇 |
中国医学 | 76篇 |
肿瘤学 | 396篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 44篇 |
2022年 | 171篇 |
2021年 | 241篇 |
2020年 | 109篇 |
2019年 | 124篇 |
2018年 | 157篇 |
2017年 | 125篇 |
2016年 | 193篇 |
2015年 | 341篇 |
2014年 | 352篇 |
2013年 | 396篇 |
2012年 | 565篇 |
2011年 | 543篇 |
2010年 | 281篇 |
2009年 | 258篇 |
2008年 | 329篇 |
2007年 | 309篇 |
2006年 | 258篇 |
2005年 | 164篇 |
2004年 | 128篇 |
2003年 | 107篇 |
2002年 | 92篇 |
2001年 | 82篇 |
2000年 | 73篇 |
1999年 | 47篇 |
1998年 | 51篇 |
1997年 | 37篇 |
1996年 | 45篇 |
1995年 | 28篇 |
1994年 | 16篇 |
1993年 | 27篇 |
1992年 | 18篇 |
1991年 | 6篇 |
1990年 | 3篇 |
1989年 | 22篇 |
1988年 | 11篇 |
1987年 | 16篇 |
1986年 | 12篇 |
1985年 | 10篇 |
1984年 | 9篇 |
1983年 | 5篇 |
1982年 | 5篇 |
1981年 | 5篇 |
1980年 | 10篇 |
1979年 | 3篇 |
1978年 | 3篇 |
1977年 | 6篇 |
1976年 | 5篇 |
1975年 | 5篇 |
1935年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有5851条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
11.
Localization of a gene for otosclerosis to chromosome 15q25-q26 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Tomek MS; Brown MR; Mani SR; Ramesh A; Srisailapathy CR; Coucke P; Zbar RI; Bell AM; McGuirt WT; Fukushima K; Willems PJ; Van Camp G; Smith RJ 《Human molecular genetics》1998,7(2):285-290
Among white adults otosclerosis is the single most common cause of hearing
impairment. Although the genetics of this disease are controversial, the
majority of studies indicate autosomal dominant inheritance with reduced
penetrance. We studied a large multi- generational family in which
otosclerosis has been inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern. Five of16
affected persons have surgically confirmed otosclerosis; the remaining nine
have a conductive hearing loss but have not undergone corrective surgery.
To locate the disease- causing gene we completed genetic linkage analysis
using short tandem repeat polymorphisms (STRPs) distributed over the entire
genome. Multipoint linkage analysis showed that only one genomic region, on
chromosome 15q, generated a lod score >2.0. Additional STRPs were typed
in this area, resulting in a lod score of 3.4. STRPs FES (centromeric) and
D15S657 (telomeric) flank the 14. 5 cM region that contains an otosclerosis
gene.
相似文献
12.
Negative conversion of antimitochondrial antibody in primary biliary cirrhosis: a case of autoimmune cholangitis 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Cho YJ Han DS Kim TY Jang SJ Jeon YC Sohn JH Lee IH Park KN 《Journal of Korean medical science》1999,14(1):102-106
Autoimmune cholangitis is a clinical constellation of chronic cholestasis, histological changes of chronic nonsuppurative cholangitis and the presence of autoantibodies other than antimitochondrial antibody (AMA). It is uncertain whether this entity is definitely different from AMA positive primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC), though it shows some differences. We report a case of autoimmune cholangitis in a 59-year-old woman, who had been previously diagnosed as AMA-positive PBC associated with rheumatoid arthritis, has been converted to an AMA-negative and anticentromere antibody-positive PBC during follow-up. The response to ursodeoxycholic acid treatment is poor except within the first few months, but prednisolone was dropping the biochemical laboratory data. 相似文献
13.
A study of the degree of progesterone support required for the maintenance
of various stages of pregnancy was undertaken in mice. Mated females were
ovariectomized at various stages of pregnancy and progesterone and
oestradiol support provided by s.c. Silastic implants with known release
characteristics. In the earliest stages of pregnancy (days 1-5), very low
concentrations of progesterone (<25% of normal physiological values)
were sufficient to maintain pre-implantation stages and allow implantation.
In the immediate post-implantation period (days 5-9), the development of
implantation sites and decidualization required considerably higher
progesterone support. In mid-pregnancy (days 11-14), progesterone alone
could not maintain pregnancy unless present in very high amounts; however,
the presence of oestradiol during this period lowered the progesterone
requirements to well within the physiological range. This effect of
oestradiol started on day 11 but required the level of oestradiol support
to be kept within strictly defined limits, with high concentrations
inducing abortion. Progesterone alone was able to maintain pregnancy from
day 15. These results indicate that the minimal progesterone support
required for pregnancy in mice varies considerably at different stages of
pregnancy and is at least partly modulated by oestradiol.
相似文献
14.
Effect of biphenyl dimethyl dicarboxylate on the humoral immunosuppression by ethanol 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Kim JH Mun YJ Chun HJ Jeon KS Kim YO Woo WH 《International journal of immunopharmacology》2000,22(11):905-913
The present study was undertaken to investigate the effect of biphenyl dimethyl dicarboxylate (PMC) on the humoral immunosuppression by ethanol (EtOH) in ICR mice. PMC at a dose of 6 mg/kg was orally administered to mice daily for 28 consecutive days, and the control mice were given vehicle. Mice treated with EtOH were given freely with 20% EtOH instead of water. The results of this study are summarized as follows; a gain of body weight and the relative weights of spleen and liver were significantly increased by combination of PMC and EtOH, as compared with those in mice treated with EtOH alone. Splenic plaque forming cells (PFC) and hemagglutination (HA) titers to sheep red blood cells (SRBC), and the secondary IgG antibody response to bovine serum albumin (BSA) were decreased by the treatment of EtOH alone, then restored to normal level by PMC treatment. The elevations of serum glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (S-GPT) and total protein levels caused by EtOH were reduced to normal level by the combination of PMC and EtOH. In addition, lower serum albumin and A/G ratio were also increased to normal level. These findings indicate that PMC has a protective effect against EtOH-induced humoral immunosuppression. 相似文献
15.
Immunohistochemical analysis of Smac/DIABLO expression in human carcinomas and sarcomas 总被引:27,自引:0,他引:27
Yoo NJ Kim HS Kim SY Park WS Park CH Jeon H Jung ES Lee JY Lee SH 《APMIS : acta pathologica, microbiologica, et immunologica Scandinavica》2003,111(3):382-388
Second mitochondria-derived activator of caspases (Smac/DIABLO) is released from mitochondria into the cytosol during apoptosis, promoting caspase activation by neutralizing the inhibition of inhibitor of apoptosis proteins (IAPs) on caspases. Alteration of apoptosis is essential for cancer development, and cancer cell death by radiation and chemotherapy is largely dependent upon apoptosis. In this study, archival tissues of 100 carcinomas and 50 sarcomas from various origins were analyzed by immunohistochemistry for the expression of Smac/DIABLO. Smac/DIABLO immunoreactivity was seen in 62 of 100 (62%) carcinomas, including 42 of 60 stomach carcinomas, 7 of 10 colorectal carcinomas, 4 of 10 lung carcinomas, 7 of 10 ovarian carcinomas, and 2 of 10 prostate carcinomas. Smac/DIABLO is expressed in 11 of 50 (22%) sarcomas, including 2 of 8 malignant schwannomas, 5 of 11 rhabdomyosarcomas, 2 of 7 malignant fibrous histiocytomas, 1 of 6 leiomyosarcomas, 0 of 8 angiosarcomas, 0 of 8 liposarcomas, and 1 of 2 Ewing's sarcomas. These data demonstrated that Smac/DIABLO expression levels vary depending on the individual cancer types. Furthermore, the present study showed that many human cancers do not express Smac/DIABLO, and suggest that lack of Smac/DIABLO expression in the cancer cells may inhibit apoptosis, thereby promoting their survival. 相似文献
16.
Isolation of a new clathrin heavy chain gene with muscle-specific expression from the region commonly deleted in velo-cardio-facial syndrome 总被引:3,自引:4,他引:3
Sirotkin H; Morrow B; DasGupta R; Goldberg R; Patanjali SR; Shi G; Cannizzaro L; Shprintzen R; Weissman SM; Kucherlapati R 《Human molecular genetics》1996,5(5):617-624
Velo-cardio-facial syndrome (VCFS) and DiGeorge syndrome (DGS) are
developmental disorders characterized by a spectrum of phenotypes including
velopharyngeal insufficiency, conotruncal heart defects and facial
dysmorphology among others. Eighty to eighty-five percent of VCFS/DGS
patients are hemizygous for a portion of chromosome 22. It is likely that
the genes encoded by this region play a role in the etiology of the
phenotypes associated with the disorders. Using a cDNA selection protocol,
we isolated a novel clathrin heavy chain cDNA (CLTD) from the VCFS/DGS
minimally deleted interval. The cDNA encodes a protein of 1638 amino acids.
CLTD shares significant homology, but is not identical to the ubiquitously
expressed clathrin heavy chain gene. The CLTD gene also shows a unique
pattern of expression, having its maximal level of expression in skeletal
muscle. Velopharyngeal insufficiency and muscle weakness are common
features of VCFS patients. Based on the location and expression pattern of
CLTD, we suggest hemizygosity at this locus may play a role in the etiology
of one of the VCFS-associated phenotypes.
相似文献
17.
18.
D. Han J. H. Sohn Y. J. Cho Y. C. Jeon H. J. Kim K. N. Park S. J. Chang 《Journal of Korean medical science》1997,12(5):465-468
A flat depressed early colon cancer (FDEC) is characterized by non-polypoid growth pattern, no association of adenomatous tissues and a tendency of even small lesions toward submucosal invasion and lymph node metastasis. It supports de novo carcinogenesis of colorectal cancer, although most colorectal cancers arise in pre-existing adenoma (adenoma-carcinoma sequence). There have been few reports of small depressed cancers because of the difficulty in colonoscopic detection and the rapid development to ulcerating advanced cancers. We report a case of flat depressed early colon cancer confined to mucosa detected by indigo carmine contrast colonoscopy. 相似文献
19.
Kang BS Chung TW Moon JY Lim JK Shon YH Nam KS Kim DS Jeon BH Kim CH 《Immunopharmacology and immunotoxicology》2004,26(3):355-372
Contribution of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) to experimental autoimmune thyroiditis (EAT) was well defined (Speidel et al., Eur. J. Immunol. 1997, 27, 2391-2399, Ref. 7). The native porcine thyroglobulin (pTg) showed high sensitivity to endo-o-N-acetylglucosaminidase F (Endo F) and its molecular weights, corresponding to about 330 kDa as a monomer and 660 kDa as a dimer, were reduced to smaller molecular weight forms by Endo F and trifluoromethanesulfonic acid (TMSF). Deglycosylated porcine Tg (dgpTg) and native pTg were injected i.v. into CBA/J mice, without the aid of adjuvants. Both lymphocytic infiltrations of the thyroid glands and levels of Tg-specific CTL were similar to those found in conventional EAT induced by Tg and adjuvants. In contrast, proliferative responses in native pTg and dgpTg-injected mice could not be detected, and titers of antibodies to pTg and dgpTg were 20 times and 30 times lower than that of pTg and adjuvants, respectively. The EAT-inducer CTL belonged to the CD8+ cell subset and exerted their thyroiditogenic potential through release of IFN-gamma. It was concluded that dgpTg-induced EAT is mediated by type 1 cytotoxic T cells (Tcl). Also, results that EAT induction of the glycosylated pTg (gpTg) was much lower than that of dgpTg, suggested that the abberant and incomplete glycosylation of the thyroglobulin is responsible for the induction of autoimmune thyroiditis. 相似文献
20.
DNA repair gene XRCC1 Arg399Gln polymorphism is associated with increased risk of uterine leiomyoma 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Jeon YT Kim JW Park NH Song YS Kang SB Lee HP 《Human reproduction (Oxford, England)》2005,20(6):1586-1589
BACKGROUND: DNA repair gene XRCC1 Arg399Gln polymorphism has been associated with the risk of several human tumours. In the present study we investigated whether the XRCC1 polymorphism is related to the risk of uterine leiomyoma, the most common neoplasm of the female genital tract. METHODS: Three hundred and twenty-seven patients with uterine leiomyoma and 197 normal controls were enrolled, and XRCC1 genotyping was determined by PCR and restriction fragment length polymorphism. RESULTS: The proportions of individuals homozygous for 399Arg allele, heterozygous and homozygous for the 399Gln allele were 85.8%, 13.7% and 0.5% among the control group, and 46.2%, 53.2% and 0.6% in those with leiomyoma (P < 0.001), respectively. Logistic regression analysis (after adjusting for age, parity, menarche age and body mass index) showed a significant increased risk of uterine leiomyoma in women with the Arg/Gln genotype versus the Arg/Arg genotype (odds ratio 6.79; 95% confidence interval 4.20-10.99; P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: In Korean women, the 399Gln polymorphism of XRCC1 is associated with an increased risk of uterine leiomyoma. 相似文献