Liver of the “visible man”

Endoscopic surgery, also called minimally invasive surgery, is presumed drastically to reduce postoperative morbidity and thus to offer both human and economic benefits. For the surgeon, however, this approach leads to a number of gestural challenges that require extensive training to be mastered. In order to replace experimentation on animals and patients, we developed a simulator for endoscopic surgery. To achieve this goal, a first step was to develop a working prototype, a “standard patient,” on which the informatic and microengineering tools could be validated. We used the visible man dataset for this purpose. The external shape of the visible man's liver, his biliary passages, and his extrahepatic portal system turned out to be fully within the standard pattern of normal anatomy. Anatomic variations were observed in the intrahepatic right portal vein, the hepatic veins, and the arterial blood supply to the liver. Thus, the visible man dataset reveals itself to be well suited for the simulation of minimally invasive surgical operation such as endoscopic cholecystectomy. Clin. Anat. 10:389–393, 1997. © 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc.     

Haemolysis after heart valve replacement (author's transl)]

Intravascular haemolysis is frequently seen in patients after heart valve replacement, but is often compensated. The cause of the haemolysis is traumatic damage of the red cells. It is more often seen after aortic, than after mitral replacement, because the transvalvular pressure gradient is higher and is more severe in ball valves than in disc valves. If substitution therapy with iron, folic acid, or even red cells fails, re-operation should be seriously considered.     

Die Peristaltik des isolierten Meerschweinchendünndarms im Filmversuch

Ohne ZusammenfassungMit 3 Abbildungen.     

Kurze Mitteilungen über Insulin

Ohne ZusammenfassungAusgeführt mit Unterstützung der Rockefeller-Stiftung für Medizin.     

Die Koordination der Bewegung von Längs- und Ringmuskulatur des isolierten Meerschweinchendünndarms

Ohne Zusammenfassung