Is There Any Objective Improvement of Nocturia by Combination Treatment of Zolpidem and Alpha‐Blocker Therapy for Unresponsive to Alpha‐Blocker Monotherapy in Men with Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms?

Objectives: The aim of the present study was to determine whether administration of zolpidem, a nonbenzodiazepine sedative‐hypnotic agent, at night would improve the nocturia unresponsive to alpha‐blocker monotherapy in men with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). Methods: This was a prospective observational study comprised of 39 men aged 50 years and older. The study inclusion criteria were age more than 50 years, and nocturia twice or more per night after taking alpha‐blockers for more than 8 weeks. A total of 39 patients met the criteria and constituted the study cohort. Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), frequency volume chart (FVCs) and uroflowmetry were recorded. Patients were given 10 mg alfuzosin and 10 mg zolpidem once at night for the 8 weeks. Results: There were no serious side‐effects in any patient. Nocturia decreased from a baseline (3.1 ± 0.1) to 8 weeks (1.6 ± 0.2) (P = 0.001). After treatment, global PSQI scores and severe sleep disorders improved. Storage and voiding symptoms including total IPSS scores and quality of life index improved. Nocturnal urine volume and functional bladder capacity improved. Maximum flow rate, voided volume increased and residual urine volume decreased. Conclusion: Combined zolpidem and alpha‐blocker therapy resulted in a subjective and objective reduction in nocturia episodes when given to men with nocturia unresponsive to alpha‐blocker monotherapy.     

In vitro metabolism of the new insecticide flupyrazofos by rat liver microsomes

1. The in vitro metabolism of the new insecticide flupyrazofos was studied using rat liver microsomes. Two metabolites were produced and identified as O, O -diethyl O -(1- phenyl-3-trifluoromethyl-5-pyrazoyl) phosphoric acid ester (flupyrazofos oxon) and 1- phenyl-3-trifluoromethyl-5-hydroxypyrazole (PTMHP) based on UV and mass spectral analysis. 2. Cytochrome P450 oxidatively converted flupyrazofos to flupyrazofos oxon, a major metabolite and phenobarbital-induced microsomes increased this desulphuration by 8- fold. 3. Flupyrazofos oxon was converted to PTMHP with a half-life of 47 8?min by chemical hydrolysis and this conversion also proceeded non-enzymatically under our microsomal incubation conditions.     

RP-HPLC法测定紫杉醇在大鼠血浆中的含量

目的建立紫杉醇在大鼠血浆中的定量分析方法,为药物动力学研究提供分析方法。方法采用RP-HPLC法。Li Chrospher 100反相C18色谱柱(250 mm×4.6 mm,5μm),乙腈-水(体积比50∶50)为流动相,流速为1.0 mL.min-1,紫外检测波长为227 nm,血浆样品经乙酸乙酯萃取,以内标法定量。结果线性范围为0.025~100.0 mg.L-1(r=1.0,n=5),日内RSD小于5%,日间RSD小于10%,定量限25μg.L-1。在以7.5 mg.kg-1的剂量静脉注射紫杉醇到大鼠身上后,药物很快分布到体内(t1/2α=0.16 h),并且快速的消除,消除半衰期仅有1.65 h,药物的平均保留时间tMR为0.52 h。结论所用方法简便、准确、专属性好,能够满足药物动力学研究的需要。     

某农村地区高血压家族聚集性和遗传度的研究

目的探讨高血压家族聚集性及遗传度。方法采用遗传流行病学方法,对718名（286名先证者和432名对照）家系进行了家族聚集性、遗传方式及遗传度分析。结果先证者一级亲属高血压患病率为2.68%,与对照组的1.87%相比差异有显著性;2项分布显示,高血压家族中实际发病数超过其2项分布的理论概率范围,即高血压分布呈明显家族聚集现象;高血压的遗传度为14.31%（男5.04%,女22.44%）。结论遗传因素在韩国人高血压的发病中起一定的作用,但环境因素的作用可能比遗传因素更为重要。     

砂仁提取物对实验性糖尿病大鼠的降血糖作用

[目的]探讨砂仁提取物对实验性糖尿病大鼠的降血糖作用.[方法]利用链脲佐菌素制作大鼠糖尿病动物模型,给糖尿病治疗组大鼠腹腔注射砂仁提取物20 mg每日2次,共2周,观察治疗前后血糖的变化及胰岛β细胞超微结构变化.[结果]糖尿病治疗组大鼠血糖明显降低,与糖尿病对照组比较有显著性差异;砂仁提取物对糖尿病大鼠胰岛β细胞具有明显的保护作用,并可改善胰岛β细胞超微结构变化.[结论]砂仁提取物对实验性糖尿病大鼠具有降血糖作用.     

Struma ovarii showing clinical characteristics of ovarian malignancy

Struma ovarii is a rare form of ovarian neoplasm, composed entirely or predominantly of thyroid tissue and generally a benign germ cell tumor of the ovary. Ascites have been reported in approximately 15-20% of all cases. However, the combination of struma ovarii and elevated CA125 has rarely been reported. We experienced a rare case of a postmenopausal woman with benign struma ovarii associated with massive ascites, a complex pelvic mass. There was marked elevation of her CA125 level. The clinical impression was ovarian malignancy. Surgical excision of the ovarian mass induced immediate resolution of the ascites and a normalization of the serum CA125 level. No recurrence of the ascites or of the tumor has been observed during the 10-month follow-up. Struma ovarii can mimic ovarian malignancy clinically, particularly if complex and associated with ascites and an elevated CA125 level.     

IL-12对支气管哮喘小鼠Th2免疫应答的影响

目的　哮喘是Th2细胞介导的气道慢性非特异性炎症。IL 12在抗原致敏阶段可有效抑制Th2免 疫应答形成,而对已产生的Th2免疫应答是否同样具有抑制作用尚有争议。本研究探讨IL 12对哮喘时已产生的 Th2免疫应答的影响,为临床应用提供可靠的理论依据。方法　实验一:取25只6～8周雌性BALB/c小鼠,腹腔 注射鸡卵清蛋白(OVA)和氢氧化铝致敏。于致敏前、致敏后第7,14,21,28天,各取处死5只检测脾脏单个核细胞 培养上清液中的Th2类细胞因子IL 4和IL 5水平,观察Th2免疫反应形成情况。实验二:另取40只相同小鼠随机 分为哮喘组(n=20)和IL 12治疗组(n=20),均腹腔注射鸡卵清蛋白(OVA)和氢氧化铝致敏后雾化吸入OVA诱 发哮喘。IL 12治疗组在致敏后25d开始连续5d腹腔内注射0.5μg(1mL)重组IL 12,哮喘组仅注射PBS。两组 均在最后1次诱发后(致敏后30d)处死,取支气管肺泡灌洗液(BALF)和脾脏单个核细胞培养上清液检测Th2类 细胞因子IL 4、IL 5和Th1类细胞因子IFN γ水平(ELISA法)。结果　实验一:小鼠在致敏后14d脾脏单个核细 胞分泌IL 4和IL 5明显增高,说明小鼠致敏后第14天已形成Th2免疫应答。实验二:与哮喘组比较,IL 12治疗组 BALF中IL 4(192±19pg/mLvs19±5pg/mL)和IL 5浓度(328±71pg/mLvs141±15pg/mL     

对脾生理功能的东西医学比较研究

主要从东洋医学和西洋医学角度,对脾脏的生理功能进行了比较研究。1)“脾主运化”功能,类似于西洋医学中胰脏的外分泌功能所起的消化作用。“脾在液为涎”功能,可以认为与西洋医学中唾液含有的消化酶amylase和ptyalin对淀粉所起的消化作用,在功能作用上和胰脏的消化功能,在某种程度上相类似。2)“脾主统血”功能,与西洋医学中认为的脾脏(spleen)贮藏循环血液中1/3以上血小板,并参与止血机制的作用,在某种程度上相类似。3)“脾主肌肉及四肢”的观点,和饮食物在胰脏的外分泌功能作用下被充分消化吸收,把营养素供给全身是人体维持正常生理功能的作用,有一定关系。4)“脾主升清”,“脾在志为思”,“脾在窍为口,其华在唇”等观点,与西洋医学的胰脏或脾脏没有直接关系。     

病毒序列促转基因在斑马鱼胚胎发育过程中的高效表达

目的探讨转基因在斑马鱼胚胎发育过程中高效表达的有效途径和手段。方法以增强处理的绿色荧光蛋白(GFP)作为报告基因,在表达质粒的两翼连接构建腺关联病毒(adeno-assoc iated virus,AAV)来源的病毒性反转末端重复序列(inverted term inal repeats,ITR s),以显微注射方式注入斑马鱼受精卵的单一细胞和双细胞时相。结果病毒序列中的ITR s可使转基因表达效率达到33.0%,远远高于未与病毒序列结合的质粒。结论源于病毒的ITR s可显著促进转基因在斑马鱼胚胎发育过程中的表达。