A questionnaire about radiation safety management of the draining-water system at nuclear medicine facilities

We conducted a questionnaire survey about radiation-safety management condition in Japanese nuclear medicine facilities to make materials of proposition for more reasonable management of medical radioactive waste. We distributed a questionnaire to institutions equipped with Nuclear Medicine facilities. Of 1,125 institutions, 642 institutes (52.8%) returned effective answers. The questionnaire covered the following areas: 1) scale of an institution, 2) presence of enforcement of radiotherapy, 3) system of a tank, 4) size and number of each tank, 5) a form of draining-water system, 6) a displacement in a radioactive rays management area, 7) a measurement method of the concentration of medical radioactive waste in draining water system, 8) planned and used quantity of radioisotopes for medical examination and treatment, 9) an average displacement of hospital for one month. In most institutions, a ratio of dose limitation of radioisotope in draining-water system was less than 1.0, defined as an upper limitation in ordinance. In 499 hospitals without facilities of hospitalization for unsealed radioisotope therapy, 473 hospitals reported that sum of ratios of dose limits in a draining-water system was less than 1.0. It was calculated by used dose of radioisotope and monthly displacement from hospital, on the premise that all used radioisotope entered in the general draining-water system. When a drainage including radioactivity from a controlled area join with that from other area before it flows out of a institution, it may be diluted and its radioactive concentration should be less than its upper limitation defined in the rule. Especially, in all institutions with a monthly displacement of more than 25,000 m3, the sum of ratio of the concentration of each radionuclide to the concentration limit dose calculated by used dose of radioisotope, indicated less than 1.0.     

The remedial effect of soluble interleukin-1 receptor type Ⅱ on endometriosis in the nude mouse model

Objective： Recent studies have shown that the local expression of soluble interleukin （IL） -1 receptor type Ⅱ （slL-1 R Ⅱ ） in endometrial tissue of women with endometriosis is decreased, and the depression of IL-1 R Ⅱ was more significant in infertile women than that in fertile women with endometriosis. In this research, we investigated the remedial effect of slL-1-R Ⅱ administration on endometriosis in the nude mouse model. Methods： Nineteen nude model mice with endometriosis were randomly divided into three groups： group A was treated by intraperitoneal administration with only slL-1 R Ⅱ for two weeks, group B was similarly treated with only IL- 1, and group C （control） was administered saline. After 2 weeks, the size of the ectopic endometrial lesions was calculated, and the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF） and B-cell lymphoma leukemia-2 （Bcl- 2） were detected by immunohistochemistry. The IL-8 and VEGF levels in the peritoneal fluid （PF） and serum were also measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA）. Results： The mean size of ectopic endometrial lesion did not differ between the three groups （P 〉 0.05）. Compared with the control, the expression of VEGF and Bcl-2 was significantly lower in group A, and higher in group B. In the three groups, the levels of IL-8 in the PF and serum were highest in group A, and lowest in group B. Conclusion： slL-1 R Ⅱ may suppresse hyperplasia of ectopic endometriosis, perhaps by reducing the expression of certain cytokines, such as VEGF, IL-8, and Bcl-2, which could provide a new clinical strategy for the treatment of endometriosis.     

The Common Mental Problems after Calamity and the TCM Characteristic Treatment of Psychological Intervention

Nowadays, natural disasters occur frequently in the world. There has been a new development in the mental reconstruction, regulation and guidance of various crowds of people after calamity. This assay is     

河南食管癌高发区人群食管癌和癌旁组织磷酸化酪氨酸蛋白的变化

目的：探讨食管癌和癌旁组织磷酸化酪氨酸蛋白的变化。方法：17例食管癌切除标本，采用组织病理学和Western印迹技术研究食管癌和癌旁正常组织及各级病变组织中磷酸化酪氨酸蛋白的变化。结果：癌旁正常上皮、基底细胞过度增生、不典型性增生和鳞癌中存在75000，60000和55000 3条区域蛋白，75000最明显。75000区域蛋白半定量结果表明癌与癌旁组织间差异无统计学意义。结论：磷酸化酪氨酸蛋白是食管癌变多阶段演进过程中常见的蛋白类型，意义当需更多的研究证实。     

非吸烟烟草对BALB/3T3 A31—1—13细胞的转化活性

用体外细胞转化系统对嚼烟与含烟抽提物的转化活性进行了研究,发现两种烟草的抽提物均可使 BALB/3T3细胞发生形态学转化。酸化后的含烟抽提物和亚硝化后的嚼烟抽提物的转化活性高于未酸化或未亚硝化者。从转化集落分离出来的细胞具有肿瘤转化的某些特征,如细胞生长的接触抑制消失,饱和密度增高,获得锚独立性,细胞能在软琼脂上生长,形成克隆。本研究结果提示非吸烟烟草对使用者可能具有致癌危害作用.     

煤尘抽提物诱发BALB/3T3A31-1-13细胞系形态转化的研究

本文用 BALB/3T3 A31-1-13细胞系研究了煤尘抽提物的转化活性。亚硝化和未亚硝化的煤尘抽提物都能诱发细胞发生转化且有剂量反应关系.但亚硝化煤尘抽提物的转化活性比未亚硝化者高。从转化集落分离出来的细胞具有赘生转化的一些特征,如细胞生长迅速、接触抑制消失和停泊不依赖性生长等.本文结果看来支持煤矿工胃癌高发原因的煤尘假说。     

趋势季节模型在菌痢发病预测中的应用

目的探讨趋势季节模型是否适用于细菌性痢疾(简称菌痢)的发病预测。方法利用我中心疾病监测信息系统2001-2006年鹤壁市菌痢发病资料,用趋势季节模型的方法预测2007-2009年鹤壁市各季度的菌痢发病率,观察预测发病率与实际发病率是否一致。结果用趋势季节模型的方法预测,2007年各季度预测发病率分别为0.32‰、1.55‰、4.08‰、0.96‰,实际发病率分别为0.37‰、1.31‰、3.77‰、0.94‰;2008年各季度预测发病率分别为0.29‰、1.41‰、3.96‰、0.36‰,实际发病率分别为0.44‰、0.91‰、4.04‰、0.52‰;2009年1、2、3、4季度预测发病率分别为0.26‰、1.27‰、3.31‰、0.56‰,实际发病率分别为0.17‰、1.20‰、2.67‰、0.43‰,利用趋势季节模型计算出的预测发病率与实际发病率均相接近。结论利用趋势季节模型预测我市菌痢的发病率是适用的,其它地区、其它疾病的发病只要符合趋势季节变化,均可使用该模型进行预测。     

盐酸去甲万古霉素纯度控制方法的改进

目的：改进盐酸去甲万古霉素质量控制的方法。方法：在中国药典与美国药典方法的基础上,优化了两种不同的流动相系统(三乙胺-乙腈-四氢呋喃系统和磷酸氢二铵-甲醇系统),用梯度洗脱对盐酸去甲万古霉素及其有关物质进行分离。结果：与中国药典方法相比,分离效果显著提高,两种方法在2．5～40μg范围内,峰面积与进样量线性关系良好,检测限10ng。结论：改进后的RP-HPLC方法能更加真实的反映去甲万古霉素及其有关物质的含量。     

高效液相色谱法测定补骨脂中三种黄酮类成分的含量

目的 :建立补骨脂中三种黄酮类成分含量测定方法。方法 :采用高效液相色谱法分析补骨脂中补骨脂甲素和补骨脂异黄酮的含量。色谱柱 :汉邦 Lichrosphore C1 8(2 5 0 mm× 4.6mm ,5μm) ;流动相 :乙腈 -水 (4∶6) ;流速 1.0 ml/ min;检测波长 :2 79nm(0～ 3 0 min) ,2 47nm (3 0～ 45 min) ;进样量 2 0μl。补骨脂查耳酮 :色谱柱 :汉邦 L ichrosphore C1 8(2 5 0 mm× 4.6mm,5 μm) ;流动相 :甲醇 -水 (85∶ 15 ) ;流速 1.0 ml/ min;检测波长 3 87nm ;进样量 2 0μl。结果 :平均加样回收率为 98.2 % ,RSD为 1.3 % ,0 .0 489～ 0 .3 91μg,r=0 .9999(n=7)。结论 :该方法适合于测定补骨脂中黄酮类成分的含量 ,应用该方法对不同产地的补骨脂中 3种成分含量进行了测定。不同产地中黄酮类成分的含量存在很大差异 ,对补骨脂黄酮类成分进行含量测定应成为补骨脂质量控制的重要环节。