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91.
92.
Sandra Hanne Irina A. Sekerina Shravan Vasishth Frank Burchert Ria De Bleser 《Aphasiology》2013,27(2):221-244
Background: In addition to the canonical subject-verb-object (SVO) word order, German also allows for non-canonical order (OVS), and the case-marking system supports thematic role interpretation. Previous eye-tracking studies (Kamide et al., 2003; Knoeferle, 2007) have shown that unambiguous case information in non-canonical sentences is processed incrementally. For individuals with agrammatic aphasia, comprehension of non-canonical sentences is at chance level (Burchert et al., 2003). The trace deletion hypothesis (Grodzinsky 1995, 2000) claims that this is due to structural impairments in syntactic representations, which force the individual with aphasia (IWA) to apply a guessing strategy. However, recent studies investigating online sentence processing in aphasia (Caplan et al., 2007; Dickey et al., 2007) found that divergences exist in IWAs' sentence-processing routines depending on whether they comprehended non-canonical sentences correctly or not, pointing rather to a processing deficit explanation. Aims: The aim of the current study was to investigate agrammatic IWAs' online and offline sentence comprehension simultaneously in order to reveal what online sentence-processing strategies they rely on and how these differ from controls' processing routines. We further asked whether IWAs' offline chance performance for non-canonical sentences does indeed result from guessing. Methods & Procedures: We used the visual-world paradigm and measured eye movements (as an index of online sentence processing) of controls (N?=?8) and individuals with aphasia (N?=?7) during a sentence–picture matching task. Additional offline measures were accuracy and reaction times. Outcomes & Results: While the offline accuracy results corresponded to the pattern predicted by the TDH, IWAs' eye movements revealed systematic differences depending on the response accuracy. Conclusions: These findings constitute evidence against attributing IWAs' chance performance for non-canonical structures to mere guessing. Instead, our results support processing deficit explanations and characterise the agrammatic parser as deterministic and inefficient: it is slowed down, affected by intermittent deficiencies in performing syntactic operations, and fails to compute reanalysis even when one is detected. 相似文献
93.
Xenia L. Stalpers Aad Verrips Bwee Tien Poll-The Jan-Maarten Cobben Irina N. Snoeck Irenaeus F.M. de Coo Alice Brooks Saskia Bulk Rob Gooskens Annemarie Fock Corien Verschuuren-Bemelmans Richard J. Sinke Marianne de Visser Henny H. Lemmink 《Neuromuscular disorders : NMD》2013,23(6):461-468
Spinal muscular atrophy with respiratory distress type 1 is an autosomal recessive disorder with early respiratory difficulties, distal muscle weakness, and contractures leading to foot deformities as the most striking clinical symptoms. Mutations of the gene encoding the immunoglobulin heavy chain μ-binding protein 2, mapped on chromosome 11q13, are the cause of the disease. We present the clinical and mutational characteristics of ten patients in the Netherlands who showed considerable clinical variability; they carried six novel mutations, including a deletion of exon 2. However, there were no clear phenotype–genotype correlations. 相似文献
94.
Toma Tomov Maya Mladenova Irina Lazarova Vladimir Sotirov Mihail Okoliyski 《International review of psychiatry (Abingdon, England)》2013,25(1-2):93-106
The mental health profile of Bulgaria has been compiled and following analysis of both the factual findings and the process of data collection a report has been prepared. The subject of discussion in the paper concerns several major findings: the discrepancy between what the policy documents state and the actual situation in mental health; the organizational culture, which alienates; and the peculiarities of the process of change and how it is driven under political pressure from outside the country. Analysis extends to encompass the influence of the general health reform on the mental health sector, the deficits of the leadership and how they impact on the effectiveness of the system, and the interdependence between the country's economy and the health sector. A conclusion is made about the need to consolidate the public health approach using the lever of international collaboration in the field of mental health. 相似文献
95.
Irina Patwardhan W. Alex Mason Mary B. Chmelka Jukka Savolainen Jouko Miettunen Marjo-Riitta Järvelin 《Nordic journal of psychiatry》2013,67(6):340-348
AbstractPurpose: This study examined a developmental model that links affect-regulation difficulties in childhood with three dimensions of alexithymia in adolescence (difficulty identifying feelings, difficulty describing feelings, and externally oriented thinking) and substance use and depression in adulthood, while accounting for cumulative contextual risk in childhood, and testing potential gender moderation.Methods: Multiple group path analyses were conducted using data from the Northern Finland Birth Cohort 1986 (N?=?6963). Analyses used data collected during prenatal/birth, childhood, adolescence, and young adulthood periods.Results: Our examination of early precursors for alexithymia indicated that the associations of affect-regulation problems in childhood with alexithymia were stronger for girls, potentially putting girls with affect-regulation difficulties in childhood at higher risk for developing alexithymia in adolescence. The associations of cumulative contextual risk in childhood with alexithymia, substance use disorder, and depression diagnosis in adulthood were significant for both girls and boys. Our findings in regard to substance use and depression disorders revealed that alexithymia in adolescence predicted depression diagnosis in adulthood, particularly due to a contribution from the alexithymia domain of ‘difficulties identifying feelings.’ However, none of the alexithymia domains was directly associated with substance use disorder in adulthood.Conclusions: Our study contributes to research that links alexithymia with difficulties in affect regulation and cumulative contextual risk in childhood, yielding findings that may be relevant for preventive interventions. 相似文献
96.
Polyanskaya Irina Eigsti Inge-Marie Brauner Torben Blackburn Patrick 《Journal of autism and developmental disorders》2022,52(9):3991-4006
Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders - This study investigates the role of recursive language and working memory (WM) in second-order false belief skills in Danish-speaking children with... 相似文献
97.
Infections and neutrophils in the pathogenesis of bronchiolitis obliterans syndrome in children after allogeneic stem cell transplantation 下载免费PDF全文
Adam Gassas Joerg Krueger Irina Zaidman Tal Schechter Hayley Craig‐Barnes Muhammad Ali Nades Palaniyar 《Pediatric transplantation》2016,20(2):303-306
It is plausible that infections post‐hematopoietic SCT play a role in the pathogenesis of BOS. A prospective study for children with history, questionnaire, examination, PFTs, and blood counts at one, three, six, nine, 12, 18, and 24 months post‐SCT was conducted. Between September 2009 and September 2011 (n = 39), six developed BOS at 200 days (range 94–282), three patients had probable clinical respiratory infection, and all six had higher neutrophil count compared to non‐BOS patients (4.7 vs. 2.4 at three months and 6.3 vs. 2.9 at six months ×109/L, p = 0.03). Contribution of clinical and subclinical infection needs to be considered in the pathogenesis of BOS. 相似文献
98.
Benoit Navez Theodoros Thomopoulos Irina Stefanescu Laurent Coubeau 《Obesity surgery》2016,26(8):1705-1709
Background
Although Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGBP) has proven its reliability over time in terms of weight loss and resolution of comorbidities, there continues to be a significant controversy in terms of used limb lengths. In the classical RYGBP, most surgeons have reported an alimentary limb length (ALL) of 100 to 150 cm and a bilio-pancreatic limb length (BPLL) of 50 to 75 cm. On the other hand, the common limb length (CLL) remains unknown in all the patients. As it is theoretically related to the level of malabsorption, CLL could influence weight loss after RYGBP.Materials and Methods
We performed a laparoscopic RYGBP in 90 patients with a mean preoperative body mass index (BMI) of 44.8. ALL and BPLL were respectively fixed at 150 and 75 cm. A systematic intraoperative measurement of CLL was performed.Results
As expected, we found a great variation of the jejuno-ileal length and also of the CLL. We created three subgroups of patients: one with the entire population, one excluding the super-obese patients (BMI?>?50) and the third one excluding the revisions. There was no statistically significant correlation between CLL and excess BMI loss (EBMIL) at 1, 3, 6 and 12 months of follow-up in each group. We also found a linear correlation between the jejuno-ileal length and the height of individuals.Conclusion
With a fixed 150-cm ALL and a 75-cm BPLL, there is no evidence that the anatomical variations of CLL could influence weight loss after classical RYGBP.99.
Jennifer Klump Ulrike Phillipp Marie Follo Anna Eremin Hannes Lehmann Sigrun Nestel Nikolas von Bubnoff Irina Nazarenko 《Nanomedicine : nanotechnology, biology, and medicine》2018,14(3):875-882
Clinical evidence in oncology argues for the advantages of performing molecular analysis of blood biomarkers to provide information about systemic changes and tumor heterogeneity.Whereas the diagnostic value of cell-free circulating DNA (fcDNA) has successfully been demonstrated in several studies, DNA enclosed in extracellular vesicles (EV) has only recently been described, and its potential diagnostic value is unclear. We established a protocol for separation of EV and fc fractions and tested for presence of mutant BRAFV600E mediating resistance to Vemurafenib and cKITD816V mediating resistance to Imatinib in blood of patients with melanoma and mastocytosis. Our results show that EV contain significantly higher amounts of total DNA as compared to the fc fraction. However, about ten-fold higher copy numbers of the wild type and mutant BRAF and cKIT were detected in the fcDNA fraction supporting its diagnostic value and pointing to differences in fc and EV DNA content. 相似文献
100.
Feng Pan Odette Reifsnider Ying Zheng Irina Proskorovsky Tracy Li Jianming He Sonja V. Sorensen 《Value in health》2018,21(4):416-422