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41.
The bioavailability of calcium (Ca) was assessed in 11 foodstuffs of plant or animal origin using rat feeding experiments and the criteria used for assessing the bioavailability were femur Ca and calcium efficiency. The bioavailability of Ca was found to be highest in fishes (Melouha) and cheeses (Mesh) fermented under local processing techniques. Germination of faba beans also enhanced the bioavailability of calcium to a mean value quite comparable to those of some dairy products, such as cottage cheese. The present study clearly demonstrates that the processes of fermentation and germination of selected foods are associated with an enhancement in the bioavailability of calcium. It is suggested that the breakdown of complex proteins under the fermentation or germination process is the underlying mechanism of action. 相似文献
42.
Kotb MM Shouman AE Hussein HM Khela AK Kandil SK 《The Journal of the Egyptian Public Health Association》1996,71(5-6):353-367
This study aimed at evaluation of validity and reliability of dipstick haematuria and proteinuria in screening school children for Schistosoma haematobium infection. It included a random sample of 400 school children aged 6-15 years in rural area of Fayoum Governorate, upper Egypt. Urine samples of the studied children were tested parasitologically by urine filtration technique as a reference test and semiquantitatively for haematuria and proteinuria using urine reagent strips as screening tests. Results of the study revealed that haematuria was a better indicator for Schistosoma haematobium infection than proteinuria, as it was more sensitive (85.5% 73.4%, respectively), specific (94.4% 82.9%, respectively) and reliable (kappa=92% 80%, respectively). Moreover, it had stronger relationship with intensity of infection (r=0.88 & 0.67, respectively). A combination of different grades of haematuria and proteinuria did not significantly increase either sensitivity or specificity. Dipstick haematuria could be a valuable technique in screening rural Egyptian school children who are at risk of urinary schistosmiasis. 相似文献
43.
Colleen J. Gilbert William P. Petros James Vredenburgh Atif Hussein Maureen Ross Peter Rubin Randy Fehdrau Colleen Cavanaugh Donald Berry Craig McKinstry William P. Peters 《Cancer chemotherapy and pharmacology》1998,42(6):497-503
Purpose: Both ondansetron and cyclophosphamide are thought to be metabolized by hepatic microsomal processes. The purpose of this
study was to evaluate the potential pharmacokinetic interactions between ondansetron and high-dose alkylating agent chemotherapy.
Methods: A total of 54 breast cancer patients receiving high-dose cyclophosphamide, cisplatin and carmustine were treated prospectively
in four sequential cohorts. Cohorts I and II received continuous infusions of both ondansetron and prochlorperazine, and cohorts
III and IV received a continuous infusion of ondansetron alone at the same doses. All patients received lorazepam every 4 h.
A group of 75 matched historical controls had received a continuous infusion of prochlorperazine with lorazepam. Pharmacokinetic
monitoring of each drug used in the high-dose chemotherapy regimen was conducted. Results: Median AUCs of cyclophosphamide in patients receiving ondansetron (73.6 mg/ml · min) were lower than those of the control
patients (88.3 mg/ml · min, n = 75, P = 0.0004), but the median cisplatin AUC was approximately 10% higher and no difference in the disposition of carmustine was
demonstrated. Patients treated with ondansetron displayed a higher frequency of headaches than the controls. The frequency
of achieving complete emetic control was greater in the ondansetron + prochlorperazine groups compared to the ondansetron
alone groups and was greater in both these groups than in the prochlorperazine alone group on the first day of therapy only.
Conclusion: Ondansetron altered the systemic exposure to cyclophosphamide when these agents were administered concomitantly. Ondansetron
did not substantially improve overall emetic control when used alone but may improve control in combination with prochlorperazine.
Future randomized studies are needed to delineate the effect of ondansetron on the disposition of the active cyclophosphamide
metabolites so that clinical implications can be addressed.
Received: 28 October 1997 / Accepted: 9 March 1998 相似文献
44.
Disruption of intracerebral progression of C6 rat glioblastoma by in vivo treatment with anti-CD44 monoclonal antibody 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
Breyer R Hussein S Radu DL Pütz KM Gunia S Hecker H Samii M Walter GF Stan AC 《Journal of neurosurgery》2000,92(1):140-149
OBJECT: Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) invasiveness is a complex process that involves recognition and attachment of GBM cells to particular extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules before migrating into proteolytically modified matrix and inducing angiogenesis. The CD44 molecule, which is a transmembrane adhesion molecule found on a wide variety of cells including GBM, has been suggested as the principal mediator of migration and invasion. The aim of the present study was to demonstrate whether an antibody specific to the standard form of CD44 (CD44s, 85-90 kD) might prevent invasion and thus disrupt progression of C6 GBM in vivo. METHODS: Immunostaining demonstrated homogeneous expression of CD44s on the surface of C6 GBM cells and tumors. Flow cytometric analysis demonstrated binding saturation of anti-CD44s monoclonal antibody (mAb) to the receptor at 1 microg/5 x 10(5) cells. Blocking of CD44s in vitro resulted in a dose-dependent progressive (up to 94+/-2.7%; mean +/- standard deviation [SD]) detachment of C6 cells from ECM-coated culture. Blocking of CD44s in vivo resulted in significantly reduced C6 brain tumors (3.6+/-0.4% [SD])--measured as the quotient: tumor surface (mm2)/brain surface (mm2) x 100--compared with untreated (19.9+/-0.9%) or sham-treated (19.2+/-1.1 to 19.3+/-2.5% [SD]) rats. Disruption of C6 GBM progression correlated with an improved food intake; treated rats were significantly less cachectic (166.6+/-16.4 g [SD]) than those that were untreated (83+/-2.7 g [SD]) or sham-treated (83.4+/-1.1 to 83+/-2.2 g [SD]) rats. CONCLUSIONS: The authors conclude that CD44s-targeted treatment with specific mAb may represent an effective means for preventing progression of highly invasive GBMs. 相似文献
45.
O A Bodamer K Hussein A A Morris C-D Langhans D Rating E Mayatepek J V Leonard 《Archives of disease in childhood》2006,91(6):483-486
AIMS: To investigate glucose and leucine kinetics in association with metabolic and endocrine investigations in children with ketotic hypoglycaemia (KH) in order to elucidate the underlying pathophysiology. METHODS: Prospective interventional study using stable isotope tracer in nine children (mean age 4.23 years, range 0.9-9.8 years; seven males) with KH and 11 controls (mean age 4.57 years, range 0.16-12.3 years; four males). RESULTS: Plasma insulin levels were significantly lower in KH compared to subjects in the non-KH group. Plasma ketone body levels were significantly higher in KH than in non-KH. Basal metabolic rate was significantly higher in subjects with KH (45.48+/-7.41 v 31.81+/-6.72 kcal/kg/day) but the respiratory quotients were similar in both groups (KH v non-KH, 0.84+/-0.05 v 0.8+/-0.04. Leucine oxidation rates were significantly lower in children with KH (12.25+/-6.25 v 31.96+/-8.59 micromol/kg/h). Hepatic glucose production rates were also significantly lower in KH (3.84+/-0.46 v 6.6+/-0.59 mg/kg/min). CONCLUSIONS: KH is caused by a failure to sustain hepatic glucose production rather than by increased glucose oxidation rates. Energy demand is significantly increased, whereas leucine oxidation is reduced. 相似文献
46.
Chemotherapy induces the expression of cyclooxygenase-2 in non-small cell lung cancer. 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Nasser K Altorki Jeffrey L Port Fan Zhang Dragan Golijanin Howard T Thaler Anna J Duffield-Lillico Kotha Subbaramaiah Andrew J Dannenberg 《Clinical cancer research》2005,11(11):4191-4197
PURPOSE: To determine the effect of taxane-based chemotherapy on intratumoral levels of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Lung specimens obtained at the time of surgery were used to measure levels of COX-2 and PGE(2) in tumors and adjacent nontumorous tissues in three subsets of NSCLC patients who underwent: (A) surgical resection only (n = 16); (B) surgical resection after preoperative taxane-based chemotherapy (n = 13); or (C) surgical resection after preoperative chemotherapy coadministered with the selective COX-2 inhibitor, celecoxib 400 mg bid (n = 17). RESULTS: Levels of intratumoral PGE(2) were nearly 3-fold higher among patients who received preoperative chemotherapy compared with those treated by surgery alone (P < 0.001). This difference was abrogated by the addition of celecoxib to preoperative chemotherapy (P < 0.001). Amounts of intratumoral COX-2 were approximately 3-fold higher in groups of patients who received preoperative chemotherapy with celecoxib (P < 0.0001) or without celecoxib (P < 0.001), compared with the group who underwent surgical resection only. Importantly, statistically significant positive correlations between COX-2 and PGE(2) were observed in the surgery only (r = 0.502, P = 0.047) and preoperative chemotherapy groups (r = 0.740, P = 0.004); this correlation was abrogated when celecoxib was given with chemotherapy (r = 0.005, P = 0.98). CONCLUSIONS: Treatment with chemotherapy led to increased amounts of COX-2 and PGE(2) in NSCLC. Cotreatment with celecoxib abrogated the increase in levels of PGE(2) but not COX-2 induced by chemotherapy. Importantly, these results clearly show that levels of a pharmacologic target (i.e., COX-2) can be affected by both the intrinsic molecular properties of a tumor and therapy. 相似文献
47.
Cancer-testis genes are coordinately expressed and are markers of poor outcome in non-small cell lung cancer. 总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5
Ali O Gure Ramon Chua Barbara Williamson Mithat Gonen Cathy A Ferrera Sacha Gnjatic Gerd Ritter Andrew J G Simpson Yao-T Chen Lloyd J Old Nasser K Altorki 《Clinical cancer research》2005,11(22):8055-8062
PURPOSE: Cancer-testis genes mapping to the X chromosome have common expression patterns and show similar responses to modulators of epigenetic mechanisms. We asked whether cancer-testis gene expression occurred coordinately, and whether it correlated with variables of disease and clinical outcome of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN: Tumors from 523 NSCLC patients undergoing surgery were evaluated for the expression of nine cancer-testis genes (NY-ESO-1, LAGE-1, MAGE-A1, MAGE-A3, MAGE-A4, MAGE-A10, CT7/MAGE-C1, SSX2, and SSX4) by semiquantitative PCR. Clinical data available for 447 patients were used to correlate cancer-testis expression to variables of disease and clinical outcome. RESULTS: At least one cancer-testis gene was expressed by 90% of squamous carcinoma, 62% of bronchioloalveolar cancer, and 67% of adenocarcinoma samples. Statistically significant coexpression was observed for 34 of the 36 possible cancer-testis combinations. Cancer-testis gene expression, either cumulatively or individually, showed significant associations with male sex, smoking history, advanced tumor, nodal and pathologic stages, pleural invasion, and the absence of ground glass opacity. Cox regression analysis revealed the expression of NY-ESO-1 and MAGE-A3 as markers of poor prognosis, independent of confounding variables for adenocarcinoma of the lung. CONCLUSIONS: Cancer-testis genes are coordinately expressed in NSCLC, and their expression is associated with advanced disease and poor outcome. 相似文献
48.
49.
Masoud Soheilian Gholam A. Peyman Takeshi Moritera Hussein Wafapoor 《International ophthalmology》1995,19(1):57-61
We evaluated the toxicity of very low viscosity (100 centistokes) and higher viscosity silicone oil (5000 centistokes) in rabbit eyes as a short-to-long-term postoperative vitreous substitute (6 weeks to 5 months). Emulsification of 100-cs and 5000-cs silicone oil did not occur in eyes which were followed for as long as 5 months. No toxic effects to retinal cells were detected by light or electron microscopy. Because no toxic effects were seen with 100-cs silicone oil, it can be used in an outpatient setting as a short-term postoperative tamponading agent. Electroretinographic responses of silicone-injected eyes were normal. 相似文献
50.
Rigaudière Florence Nasser Hala Pichard-Oumlil Samia Delouvrier Eliane Lopez-Hernandez Elisa Milani Paolo Auvin Stéphane Delanoë Catherine 《Documenta ophthalmologica. Advances in ophthalmology》2021,143(1):99-106
Documenta Ophthalmologica - Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses (CLN) are neurodegenerative disorders among the most frequent, inherited as an autosomal recessive trait. Affected patients can present... 相似文献