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61.
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Do tests devised to detect recent HIV-1 infection provide reliable estimates of incidence in Africa? 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Sakarovitch C Rouet F Murphy G Minga AK Alioum A Dabis F Costagliola D Salamon R Parry JV Barin F 《Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999)》2007,45(1):115-122
The objective of this study was to assess the performance of 4 biologic tests designed to detect recent HIV-1 infections in estimating incidence in West Africa (BED, Vironostika, Avidity, and IDE-V3). These tests were assessed on a panel of 135 samples from 79 HIV-1-positive regular blood donors from Abidjan, C?te d'Ivoire, whose date of seroconversion was known (Agence Nationale de Recherches sur le SIDA et les Hépatites Virales 1220 cohort). The 135 samples included 26 from recently infected patients (< or =180 days), 94 from AIDS-free subjects with long-standing infection (>180 days), and 15 from patients with clinical AIDS. The performance of each assay in estimating HIV incidence was assessed through simulations. The modified commercial assays gave the best results for sensitivity (100% for both), and the IDE-V3 technique gave the best result for specificity (96.3%). In a context like Abidjan, with a 10% HIV-1 prevalence associated with a 1% annual incidence, the estimated test-specific annual incidence rates would be 1.2% (IDE-V3), 5.5% (Vironostika), 6.2% (BED), and 11.2% (Avidity). Most of the specimens falsely classified as incident cases were from patients infected for >180 days but <1 year. The authors conclude that none of the 4 methods could currently be used to estimate HIV-1 incidence routinely in C?te d'Ivoire but that further adaptations might enhance their accuracy. 相似文献
63.
Sakarovitch C Alioum A Ekouevi DK Msellati P Leroy V Dabis F 《Statistics in medicine》2007,26(2):320-335
Ades and Medley provided the first flexible method for estimating age‐ and time‐specific HIV incidence using HIV prevalence data collected among pregnant women and adjusting for the effect of differential selection between infected and uninfected women. This paper extends the approach proposed by these authors. We used a parametric model that allows the relative inclusion rate to depend on both age, calendar time, and duration of HIV infection. We developed a two dimensional penalized log‐likelihood approach for estimating time‐ and age‐specific incidence using a binomial likelihood function and a quadratic roughness penalty which allows smoothing over both age and time. Identifiability of the model parameters and effect of sample size are studied through simulations. The method is illustrated using prenatal HIV testing data recorded from 1995 to 2002 in Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire, to estimate the HIV annual incidence rate among women aged 12–40 year old, from the beginning of the epidemic to 2002. We show that estimated incidence rates are highly dependent on hypotheses made to model the relative inclusion rate. Despite this dependency, the application of the method leads to new and accurate findings on HIV incidence qualitative features in Abidjan. We highlight the relevance of such a method in monitoring the dynamics of HIV epidemic in Africa which is essential for planning vaccine trials and future treatment needs, and for assessment of prevention policy. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 genotypic and pharmacokinetic determinants of the virological response to lopinavir-ritonavir-containing therapy in protease inhibitor-experienced patients 下载免费PDF全文
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A Bénard J F Tessier J Rambeloarisoa F Bonnet H Fossoux D Neau H Dutronc E Lazaro F Dabis G Chêne 《The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease》2006,10(4):378-383
OBJECTIVE: To provide up-to-date and covariate-specific estimates on tobacco smoking prevalence in a representative cohort of French human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) 1 infected patients in 2002. DESIGN: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of the Aquitaine Cohort of HIV-infected patients. A logistic regression model was used to estimate associations between regular tobacco smoking and sex, age, HIV transmission categories, duration and immuno-virological status of HIV infection and duration of antiretroviral therapy. Smoking prevalence estimates were compared with the general French population values after stratification on age and sex. RESULTS: Among 2036 patients included in the analysis, 51% were regular smokers (95%CI 49-53). Smoking prevalence was significantly higher with younger age (OR 1.7 among those < or = 45 years of age), among injecting drug users (OR 4.3), among those whose infection was not controlled (OR 1.2) and those whose HIV infection had been diagnosed for > or = 5 years (OR 1.5). The main difference with the general population was the peak smoking prevalence among HIV-positive patients infected through injecting drug use. CONCLUSIONS: HIV-infected patients are highly exposed to tobacco smoking, which is implicated in multiple conditions occurring in the course of HIV infection. Adapted smoking cessation programmes should become one of the priorities of the medical care of HIV-infected individuals. 相似文献
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Triple therapy with boceprevir or telaprevir in a European cohort of cirrhotic HIV/HCV genotype 1‐coinfected patients 下载免费PDF全文
Patrick Miailhes Camille Gilbert Karine Lacombe Joop E. Arends Massimo Puoti Jürgen K. Rockstroh Philippe Sogni Hélène Fontaine Eric Rosenthal Maria Winnock Marc‐Arthur Loko Linda Wittkop François Dabis Dominique Salmon the ESCMID European Study Group on Viral Hepatitis 《Liver international》2015,35(9):2090-2099
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