腔内三重双J管引流技术治疗输尿管狭窄

目的探讨腔内三重双J管引流技术治疗输尿管狭窄的可行性. 方法 2000年3月～2003年6月,对27例输尿管狭窄采用输尿管腔内置入3根相同大小的双J管引流,术后留置10～12周. 结果 27例随访2～24个月,平均18个月.26例拔管后无腰胀、发热等症状.IVP示引流通畅,患肾积水排空好,无输尿管狭窄.1例术后6个月复查IVP,肾积水仍无改善,改开放手术.本组治疗成功率96%(26/27). 结论腔内三重双J管引流技术治疗输尿管狭窄可行.     

抗龋IgY和IgY牙膏对体外培养细胞影响的形态学观察

目的：了解抗龋IgY和IgY牙膏对体外培养细胞的影响。方法：体外培养人成纤维细胞（human skin fibrobasts,HSF）和中国仓鼠卵巢癌细胞（chinese hamster ovary,CHO），分别经不同浓度的抗龋IgY和IgY牙膏处理后常规培养，通过倒置显微镜和电子显微镜观察细胞生长情况和细胞超微结构。结果：经抗龋IgY处理的HSF和CHO细胞生长旺盛，超微结构无变化；经抗龋IgY牙膏处理的HSF和CHO细胞加药后部分细胞出现变圆或脱落、细胞生长缓慢和细胞器变性等变化，第2天恢复良好生长状态。结论：抗龋IgY对体外培养细胞生长、形态无影响；抗龋IgY牙膏中的某些成分可能对培养细胞有短暂的不良影响。     

降纤酶对ACI患者血清sCRP的影响及改善神经缺损的作用

目的:探讨降纤酶对急性脑梗死(ACI)患者血清超敏C反应蛋白(sCRP)水平的影响及其在改善神经功能缺损方面的作用。方法:46例ACI患者随机分为2组,对照组23例,静脉滴注曲克芦丁注射液,0.6g/d;治疗组23例,入院后立即给予降纤酶10IU溶入250ml生理盐水静脉滴注,1~1.5h滴完,第3、5天各给予降纤酶5IU,其他用药同对照组;应用免疫比浊法检测2组治疗前及治疗后第7天、14天的血清sCRP水平变化,并对神经功能缺损进行评分。结果:2组sCRP水平在治疗后第7天最高,随后逐渐降低。治疗组治疗前血清sCRP水平和治疗前、第7天的神经功能缺损总分与对照组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),治疗组治疗后第7天、14天sCRP水平分别为(7.73±2.16)、(2.92±2.24)mg/L,对照组分别为(10.18±3.16)、(4.66±2.42)mg/L,治疗组明显低于对照组(P<0.05~0.01);第14天治疗组神经功能缺损总分为(10.68±4.08)分,明显低于对照组[(16.81±4.86)分](P<0.01)。结论:降纤酶能明显降低ACI患者血清sCRP水平,有利于减轻炎症反应,改善神经功能缺损程度。     

老年心功能不全血浆心钠素浓度的变化

采用放射免疫法测定31例老年心功能不全患者血浆心钠素(ANP)浓度,发现老年心功能不全组ANP明显低于对照组(P<0.01)。血浆ANP含量随心功能不全的严重程度而明显减少(P<0.05)。病程与ANP浓度呈负相关 (r=-0.441,P<0.05)。不同病种、不同受累部位及有或无房颤之间ANP差异无显著性(P<0.05)。     

拉米夫定阻断乙型肝炎病毒宫内传播的临床探讨

【目的】研究拉米夫定对HBsAg阳性孕妇的乙肝病毒 (HBV)宫内阻断作用。【方法】拉米夫定组 43例 ,孕 2 8周起口服拉米夫定 ,每天 10 0mg至产后 30d。对照组 5 2例 ,未予用药。两组孕妇均于孕 2 8周、分娩前 ,其新生儿于生后 2 4h内免疫接种前抽静脉血检测HBsAg、HBeAg及HBV的定量。【结果】拉米夫定组孕妇HBV的DNA水平显著下降 (P <0 0 5 ) ,其新生儿宫内感染率 (16 3% )明显低于对照组 (32 7% ) ,P <0 0 5。两组孕妇及其新生儿未发现有不良反应。【结论】携带HBV孕妇产前服用拉米夫定可有效减少HBV宫内感染发生率。     

环孢素A治疗难治性肾病综合征的临床观察

目的 :研究环孢素A(CsA)治疗原发性难治性肾病综合征的疗效及安全性。方法 :2 1例患者均行肾活检检查 ,其中系膜增殖性肾小球肾炎 (MsPGN) 13例 ,膜性肾病 (MN) 6例 ,膜增殖性肾小球肾炎 (MPGN) 2例。采用皮质激素和CsA联合治疗 ;CsA初始剂量 5mg·kg-1·d-1,3个月后适当减量 ,疗程 1年以上。强的松开始剂量 1mg·kg-1·d-1,8周后逐渐减量 ,疗程也在 1年以上。结果 :CsA联合皮质激素 ,使系膜增殖性肾小球肾炎和膜性肾病患者蛋白定量下降 ,血清白蛋白上升 (P<0 .0 1)。 13例系膜增殖性病变患者中 4例在第 4周起效 ,11例获完全缓解。 6例MN患者中 ,3例第 8周见效 ,4例获完全缓解 ,1例部分缓解 ,1例无效。膜增殖性肾炎患者 1例部分缓解 ,1例无效。治疗前后肾功能无变化。结论 :CsA是治疗难治性肾病综合征有效的免疫抑制剂 ,对于CsA的适应症、治疗时间及长期应用的安全性还需进一步研究     

反映肾脏浓缩稀释功能的最佳指标——血、尿渗透量

介绍渗透量的临床应用及其与尿比重的对比     

Liver transplantation in Taiwan: the Chang Gung experience

Between March 1984 and February 1991, six orthotopic liver transplantations were performed at the Chang Gung Memorial Hospital in Taiwan. The indications for transplantation were Wilson's disease (5 patients) and biliary atresia (1 patient). Donors and recipients were matched only for size and ABO blood group compatibility, and the recipient operations were performed without the use of a venovenous bypass. Arterial reconstruction was carried out by end-to-end hepatic artery anastomosis (4), thoracic aortic conduit (1), or interposition of an iliac artery graft (1), whereas biliary reconstruction was accomplished by a choledochocholedochostomy using a T-tube stent (4) or a choledochocholedochostomy using an external cholecystostomy without stenting (2). Biliary complications occurred in three patients, and all required additional surgery. The average duration of donor-liver cold ischemia, operating time, and blood loss during surgery were 7 h and 50 min (range, 4.5–9 h), 13.5 h (range, 11.8–17h), and 4,385 ml (range, 750–12,000 ml) respectively. The immunosuppressive regimens included a cyclosporinsteroid combination (n=2) and a triple-drug combination (n=4). All except one of the surviving patients experienced at least one rejection episode that was reversed by a methyl-prednisolone bolus and/or recycle. One patient developed a primary cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection that responded well to Ganciclovir treatment. Two of the patients died, one of injuries sustained in a traffic accident 3 years after transplantation, and the other of massive upper gastrointestinal bleeding. The overall survival value at 3 months was 83%, and the follow-up period ranged from 3 months to 7 years. All of the survivors have achieved complete rehabilitation and currently enjoy an excellent quality of life with normal liver function. Althought the present study involved a small number of cases, our results indicate that liver transplantation can be successfully achieved in a high proportion of patients with acceptable morbidity, mortality, and cost in an Asian setting. The extreme shortage of donor organs is currently the most important obstacle limiting the application of liver transplantation in Taiwan.Presented at The Second International Symposium on Treatment of Liver Cancer. Taipei, 3–4 February 1991     

Characterization of prorenin activation using a synthetic peptide substrate.

Human renin is synthesized as an inactive zymogen (prorenin) which is processed to the active form. We synthesized an 11-amino acid peptide which spans the human prorenin processing site in order to develop a simple assay to study human prorenin activation. Six enzymes which are capable of activating recombinant prorenin in vitro were studied. Four of these enzymes digested the synthetic peptide in a specific fashion, as analyzed by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. Amino acid analysis of the purified digestion products revealed that trypsin cleaves between Arg-Leu, the authentic processing site, while kallikrein, plasmin and elastase all cleaved at alternate sites. On the other hand, pepsin and cathepsin D did not cleave this substrate, suggesting that the activation of prorenin by these proteases might occur at a site distinct from the authentic processing site. Our data suggest that this synthetic peptide may be used as a simple and specific assay for prorenin activation.