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目的 了解我国当前对医源性胆管损伤外科治疗概况及胆管损伤治疗效果。方法 通过检索解放军医学图书馆中文生物医学期刊数据库（CMCC）从1995年1月至2000年1月全国各级期刊关于胆管损伤的论文,统计来自165个医疗单位2742例医源性胆管损伤。结果 统计显示胆管损伤的94％来自与胆囊有关的手术,以胆管横断伤为多（47％）,损伤类型时要为胆总管（44％）和肝总管（36％）,有40％为术中及时发现处理,胆管损伤修复手术因狭窄再手术占总数的23％,术中发现和术后发现及胆管修复的方式有明显的差异。结论 胆管损伤后期的修复防止狭窄是较困难的,调查修复方式显示术中发现的作胆管修补＋T管支撑引流,术后发现手术作胆管空肠吻合＋长期支撑的手术方式效果较好。     

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目的：探讨下肢原发性静脉返流性疾病的综合外科治疗效果,方法：从1996年2月至2000年9月,对患者肢原发性静脉返流性疾病的108例126条肢体进行了综合性外科手术治疗,所有肢体均行浅静脉手术,83例97条肢体在浅静脉手术同时行股静脉瓣外修复成形成,22例26条同时行股静脉瓣膜外修成形术＋腔镜筋膜下交通静脉结扎术（SEPS）,3例3条同时行SEPS。结果：80．2％（１０１／１２６）的患肢静脉性跛行,酸胀,疼痛等症状消失,１９．８％（２５／１２６）的患肢状明显改善,所有肢体静脉曲线消失,行浅和深静脉系统手术的肢体中有１０条合并溃疡,术后３－６个月,有８条溃疡愈合,２条明显缩小,在浅或（和）深静脉手术基础上加作ＳＥＰＳ的２３例２６条肢体的静脉性溃疡,有２４条术后１４－３2d愈合,２条也明显缩小,全组经彩超复查８９．７％的肢体深静脉瓣膜功能恢复正常,结论：对重度下肢原发性静脉返流性疾病人的浅静脉,深静脉和交通静脉三个系统的疾病变同时综合性的给予外科治疗,可大大提高临床疗效。     

直肠悬吊术治疗出口梗阻型便秘14例报告

目的：探讨出口梗阻型便秘的手术治疗效果。方法：搜集近年手术治疗的14例出口梗阻型便秘患者的临床资料,分析其病例特点,手术方式及疗效。结果：14例患者中12例（占85、7％）术后一周,症状立即缓解。2例经术后配合功能锻炼3个月症状亦缓解消失。结论：功能性直肠悬吊术,附加盆底疝修补术,盆底抬高,子宫固定,乙状结肠（部分）切除术是治疗出口梗阻型便秘的有效方法。     

肝切除治疗肝内胆管结石疗效分析

目的 探讨肝内胆管结石外科治疗的方法及效果。方法 回顾分析1995年至2000年10月采用肝切除治疗肝内胆管结石44例。结果 肝内结石以左肝较多见,共40例占90．9％。肝切除以左外叶为主,术后残余结石13例占29．5％,复发结石1例,复发率2．3％。结论 肝段肝切除的联合手术能有效降低术后的残石发生、症状复发和再手术率,是当前治疗肝胆管结石并狭窄的首选术式。     

可调节加压抗旋式骨折整复器治疗股骨颈骨折

目的 介绍自行研制的可调节加压抗旋式骨折整复器及其临床应用效果。方法 采用该整复器治疗新鲜股骨颈骨折72例,对其临床资料及整复器的结构特点进行总结分析。结果 72例均获随访,时间2－4年。按马元璋疗效评定标准,优62例（86．1％）,良10例（13．9％）。骨折均愈合,无股骨头坏死或塌陷。结论 该整复器适用于各种类型的新鲜股骨颈骨折,对骨折的固定既可加压抗旋,又可上下调节,简单易行,创伤小,便于推广。     

儿童椎间盘钙化症的诊治

目的：提高儿童椎间盘钙化症的诊断及治疗水平。方法：对32例椎间盘钙化症患儿的临床症状,影像学特征进行分析。32例均住院枕颌带牵引治疗。结果：24例牵引治疗7－10例后症状完全消失,6例合并环枢关节半脱位者牵引治疗10－14天后症状完全消失。X线片显示环枢关节已复位;2例有神经受压症状者牵引治疗后症状完全消失。结论：儿童椎间盘钙化症属自限性疾病,预后良好,根据其临床表现和影像学特征,诊断并不困难,枕颌带牵引治疗效果好,即使存在神经压迫症状,仍可获得满意疗效。     

坐位骶髂关节面应力分布的三维有限元研究

目的 模拟研究成人正常静态坐位骶髂关节面的应力分布。方法 建立骶髂关节与骨盆三维有限元模型,且骶骨上面加载,双侧坐骨结节为支撑点,分析骶髂关节面的应力分布特点。结果 坐位时骶髂关节面骶骨侧与髂骨侧的应力分布规律和应力水平相似,关节面上端与中下部的应力值较高,前缘高于后缘,前后向的“山谷”较平坦。结论 坐位时骶髂关节面的应力分布较均匀,有利于关节的稳定和减少关节周围结构的劳损。     

Scoliosis and severe pelvic obliquity in a patient with cerebral palsy: surgical treatment utilizing halo-femoral traction.

STUDY DESIGN: Case report of severe scoliosis and associated pelvic obliquity in a 14-year-old patient with cerebral palsy. OBJECTIVES: To report the presentation of the case, the operative considerations, and the management of this spinal deformity. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Spinal deformity in cerebral palsy may include scoliosis, kyphosis, and hyperlordosis. Pelvic obliquity is a frequent feature associated with neuromuscular scoliosis. The severity of the pelvic obliquity deformity presented here is unusual, and this case study delineates an effective surgical treatment plan for these patients using intraoperative halo-femoral traction. METHODS: A same-day, two-stage surgical reconstruction was performed to effectively correct this spinal deformity. The patient underwent an anterior spinal fusion from T10 to S1 and a posterior spinal fusion from T2 to the pelvis; the posterior procedure was performed with the patient in intraoperative halo-femoral traction. Sacral fixation was obtained using the Galveston technique bilaterally. RESULTS: The patient responded well to surgical intervention, had no complications, and continues to have stable correction of his pelvic obliquity deformity 2 years after surgery. CONCLUSION: It is concluded that scoliosis with associated severe pelvic obliquity deformities can be treated with anterior and posterior spinal fusion and instrumentation with intraoperative halo-femoral traction in the properly selected and prepared patient with cerebral palsy.     

Cancer of retromolar trigone: long-term radiation therapy outcome

BACKGROUND: Cancer of the retromolar trigone is an uncommon head and neck cancer. In this retrospective study, we identified the prognostic factors and evaluated the therapeutic outcomes of patients treated with preoperative radiation therapy (RT), postoperative RT, and RT alone. METHODS: Between 1971 and 1994, 65 patients with histologically proven epidermoid carcinoma of the retromolar trigone were treated at the Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology; 10 patients received preoperative RT (30-55.2 Gy), 39 received postoperative RT (46-66.6 Gy), and 15 were treated with RT alone (63-74 Gy). Surgery included 44 composite resections and 7 wide excisions. The minimum follow-up was 5 years. RESULTS: The 5-year disease-free survival rates were 90% with preoperative RT, 63% with postoperative RT, and 31% with RT alone. The 5-year disease-free survival rates were 76% for patients with T1 disease, 50% for T2, 72% for T3, and 54% for T4. The 5-year disease-free survival rates were 69% for patients with NO disease, 56% for N1, and 26% for N2. The locoregional recurrence rates were 10% (1 of 10) for preoperative RT, 23% (9 of 39) for postoperative RT, and 44% (7 of 16) for RT alone. On multivariate analysis, the significant factors for disease-free survival were treatment modality (p =.002) and N stage (p =.012); for locoregional control it was treatment modality (p =.046); and for distant metastasis it was N stage (p =.002). The incidence of bone necrosis, soft tissue necrosis, and severe trismus was 12% with postoperative RT, 11% with RT alone, and none with preoperative RT. CONCLUSIONS: Combination surgery with postoperative or preoperative RT offers better locoregional control and disease-free survival than RT alone for epidermoid carcinoma of the retromolar trigone. Lymph node status significantly influences the disease-free survival and distant metastasis rates.     

Growth inhibition of epidermal growth factor-stimulated human glioblastoma cells by nicardipine in vitro.

BACKGROUND: The objective of this work was to observe and analyze the effects of epidermal growth factor (EGF) and the calcium channel antagonist nicardipine on the growth of U251MG, a human malignant glioma cell line, which have high-affinity EGF receptors. METHODS: The growth effects of EGF and nicardipine on U251MG cultured in serum-free and serum-supplemented (10% fetal bovine serum, FBS) medium respectively were observed by MTT colorimeritric analysis. RESULTS: EGF significantly enhanced the growth of U251MG cells in a dose-dependent manner in serum-free medium. The maximal effect was seen at 20 ng/ml. The effects of EGF approximated those obtained in 10% FBS. Nicardipine decreased U251MG cell proliferation, especially in serum-supplemented medium, and completely blocked the growth-stimulated effects of EGF. The combined effects of EGF (10 ng/ml) and nicardipine equaled those of nicardipine alone. CONCLUSIONS: When serum was absent, the U251MG cells showed a pronounced mitogenic response to EGF in a dose-dependent manner, which approximated that achieved with 10% FBS. The addition of serum obscured this effect. Nicardipine suppressed the growth of U251MG cells and completely blocked the growth-stimulated effects of EGF may suggest a possible role of this drug as adjuvant therapy for human malignant gliomas.