Evaluating the psychometric properties of the EQ-5D-5L and SF-6D among patients with haemophilia

The European Journal of Health Economics - The aim of this study was to evaluate the psychometric properties of the EQ-5D-5L and SF-6D, and to compare their performance among patients living with...     

人工智能辅助学术同行评议的应用及分类

【目的】 分析人工智能(Artificial Intelligence, AI)作为辅助工具在学术同行评议中的创新应用,提出未来发展建议。【方法】 首先通过文献调研法和案例分析法,比较国内外AI辅助学术同行评议的应用实践;其次按功能对其进行分类,并阐述其主要支撑算法;最后展望AI在学术同行评议领域的未来发展方向。【结果】 国内方面,AI推荐审稿人功能被应用于基金评审,但AI学术影响力预测功能尚停留在研发阶段;国外方面,除学术不端检测功能外,其他功能的应用均处于起步阶段。按功能不同,AI辅助同行评议可分为投稿审查、审稿人推荐和学术影响力预测3类。其未来发展方向为:评议流程和文本结构的标准化、智能算法的通用化、评议专家库和已发表学术论文数据库的集成化;最终AI将发挥评议主体功能。【结论】 科研机构与学术期刊应积极参与全文文献数据库与全球审稿人数据库等相关数字基础设施建设,加快AI在学术同行评议中的应用,进一步推进该领域的数字化和智能化。     

信息交流视角下国内外科技期刊的知识服务模式

【目的】在信息交流视角下,探讨我国科技期刊知识服务转型发展的突破路径。 【方法】通过文献调研和对比分析法,探讨面向科技期刊知识服务的科学信息交流模式框架,对国内外科技期刊知识服务模式进行分析。 【结果】分别从正式交流和非正式交流视角,归纳总结国内外科技期刊所开展的知识服务。通过对比国内外科技期刊在服务模式、手段和渠道的差异,提出我国科技期刊知识服务的发展策略。 【结论】我国科技期刊应从集团化经营模式、自动化出版流程、基于微信矩阵拓展服务项目等方面入手,完善自身的知识服务体系,实现知识生产向知识服务的创新转型。     

结合家长参与的康复训练对功能性构音障碍的疗效分析

目的 分析家长参与的康复训练对功能性障碍患儿构音清晰度的疗效,为临床综合性治疗提供科学依据。 方法 选取2018年9月—2020年1月在株洲市中心医院康复治疗科治疗的67例功能性构音障碍患儿为研究对象,按随机数字表法随机分为家长参与组33例和常规组34例。两组均予以常规构音训练,家长参与组在常规组的基础上增加家长参与整个治疗过程、每周1次家长培训和每日微信打卡作业,共治疗12周。比较两组治疗前后采用构音清晰度评估和疗效评定。 结果 治疗12周后,两组构音清晰度均较治疗前明显提高(t＝22.38、25.50,P＜0.01),且家长参与组治疗后构音清晰度高于常规组,差异有统计学意义(t=5.10,P＜0.01);家长参与组每周平均家中练习天数与总有效率均显著高于常规组(t=16.08、χ²=19.90 ,P＜0.01)。 结论 结合家长参与的康复训练对功能性构音障碍患儿疗效明显。     

Culture bovine prospermatogonia with 2i medium

Germplasm cryopreservation and expansion of gonocytes/prospermatogonia or spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) are important; however, it's difficult in cattle. Since inhibitors of Mek1/2 and Gsk3β (2i) can enhance pluripotency maintenance, effects of 2i-based medium on the cultivation of bovine prospermatogonia from the cryopreserved tissues were examined. The testicular tissues of newborn bulls were well cryopreserved. High mRNA levels of prospermatogonium/SSC markers (PLZF, GFRα-1) and pluripotency markers (Oct4/Pouf5, Sox2, Nanog) were detected and the PLZF⁺/GFRα-1⁺ prospermatogonia were consistently identified immunohistochemically in the seminiferous cords. Using differential plating and Percoll-based centrifugation, 41.59% prospermatogonia were enriched and they proliferated robustly in 2i medium. The 2i medium boosted mRNA abundances of Pouf5, Sox2, Nanog, GFRα-1, PLZF, anti-apoptosis gene Bcl2, LIF receptor gene LIFR and enhanced PLZF protein expression, but suppressed mRNA expressions of spermatogonial differentiation marker c-kit and pro-apoptotic gene Bax, in the cultured prospermatogonia. It also alleviated H₂O₂-induced apoptosis of the enriched cells and decreased histone H3 lysine (K9) trimethylation (H3K9me3) and its methylase Suv39h1/2 mRNA level in the cultured seminiferous cords. Overall, 2i medium improves the cultivation of bovine prospermatogonia isolated from the cryopreserved testes, by inhibiting Suv39h1/2-mediated H3K9me3 through Mek1/2 and Gsk3β signalling, evidencing successful cryopreservation and expansion of bovine germplasm.     

Association between atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases risk and renal outcome in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

AimsChronic kidney disease (CKD) and diabetes mellitus increase atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVD) risk. However, the association between renal outcome of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) and ASCVD risk is unclear.MethodsThis retrospective study enrolled 218 type 2 diabetic patients with biopsy-proven DKD, and without known cardiovascular diseases. Baseline characteristics were obtained and the 10-year ASCVD risk score was calculated using the Pooled Cohort Equation (PCE). Renal outcome was defined as progression to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). The association between ASCVD risk and renal function and outcome was analyzed with logistic regression and Cox analysis.ResultsAmong all patients, the median 10-year ASCVD risk score was 14.1%. The median of ASCVD risk score in CKD stage 1, 2, 3, and 4 was 10.9%, 12.3%, 16.5%, and 14.8%, respectively (p = 0.268). Compared with patients with lower ASCVD risk (＜14.1%), those with higher ASCVD risk had lower eGFR, higher systolic blood pressure, and more severe renal interstitial inflammation. High ASCVD risk (>14.1%) was an independent indicator of renal dysfunction in multivariable-adjusted logistic analysis (OR, 3.997; 95%CI, 1.385–11.530; p = 0.010), though failed to be an independent risk factor for ESRD in patients with DKD in univariate and multivariate Cox analysis.ConclusionsDKD patients even in CKD stage 1 had comparable ASCVD risk score to patients in CKD stage 2, 3, and 4. Higher ASCVD risk indicated severe renal insufficiency, while no prognostic value of ASVCD risk for renal outcome was observed, which implied macroangiopathy and microangiopathy in patients with DKD were related, but relatively independent.     

基于多成分含量测定和化学计量学的不同基原白芷药材质量评价研究

目的 采用指纹图谱、多成分含量测定结合化学计量学方法分析和比较不同基原白芷药材（白芷Angelica dahurica和杭白芷Angelica dahurica var. formosana）的化学成分,为白芷药材的质量控制提供技术方法及数据支撑。方法 采用高效液相色谱法对白芷和杭白芷药材化学成分进行分析,建立不同基原白芷药材化学指纹图谱;在此基础上,对白芷和杭白芷药材中的花椒毒酚、水合氧化前胡内酯、白当归素、花椒毒素、佛手柑内酯、氧化前胡素、欧前胡素、珊瑚菜素和异欧前胡素9种香豆素类成分进行含量测定;进一步应用聚类分析、主成分分析及偏最小二乘判别分析等化学计量学方法对白芷与杭白芷进行区分与比较,寻找差异化合物。结果 建立了不同基原白芷药材的化学指纹图谱,共标定了11个共有峰,所建立的化学指纹图谱专属性良好,可用于白芷药材的质量评价;多成分含量测定和化学计量学结果表明,白芷和杭白芷药材中所含香豆素类成分种类无差异,但香豆素类成分含量有明显差异;佛手柑内酯、珊瑚菜素、异欧前胡素、氧化前胡素和花椒毒素为白芷和杭白芷药材间的差异性化合物,可以作为区分和鉴别二者的质量标志物。结论 基于指纹图谱...     

北柴胡β-香树脂醇合酶基因家族成员鉴定及功能验证

目的 从转录组层面对北柴胡Bupleurum chinense β-香树脂醇合酶（β-amyrin synthase,β-AS）基因家族成员进行鉴定,并对其表达及功能进行分析验证,以期为解析柴胡皂苷的合成和调控提供基础。方法 基于全长转录组数据挖掘北柴胡β-AS基因家族成员（BcBASs）,利用在线软件对各基因进行生物信息学分析,利用大肠杆菌和烟草验证关键基因的功能。结果 从北柴胡转录组数据中挖掘到不冗余的β-AS基因6个,可分为3个亚家族,它们都具有典型保守区域DCTAE、MWCYCR和QW。进化分析表明,BcBAS1、BcBAS2、BcBAS4、BcBAS5、BcBAS6可能为单功能β-AS基因,BcBAS3可能为多功能β-AS基因,表达分析表明各基因在根和叶中的表达模式有差异。在大肠杆菌中成功表达了BcBAS1可溶性重组蛋白,相对分子质量约87 000,烟草瞬时表达表明BcBAS1编码蛋白具有β-AS功能,能促进β-香树脂醇的积累。结论 对北柴胡中6个不冗余的β-AS基因家族成员进行了鉴定和生物信息学分析,获得了BcBAS1可溶性重组蛋白,在烟草中验证了BcBAS1为有功能的β-AS,为柴胡皂苷合成调控机制和生物合成研究奠定了基础。     

黑柳树皮化学成分及其抑制脂肪生成活性研究

目的 研究黑柳Salix nigra树皮的化学成分,并对部分化合物进行抑制脂肪生成活性研究。方法 采用多种色谱分离技术进行分离和纯化,并运用核磁共振波谱技术鉴定其结构。以秀丽隐杆线虫Caenorhabditis elegans为实验模型,利用油红O和苏丹黑B染色,研究从黑柳树皮中分离到的部分化合物对秀丽隐杆线虫脂肪生成的影响。结果 从黑柳树皮甲醇提取物的正丁醇萃取部位中共分离得到12个化合物,分别鉴定为柳皮苷（1）、特里杨苷（2）、7-水杨酰-2''-苯甲酰水杨苷（3）、cochinchiside A（4）、2''-苯甲酰水杨苷（5）、胡萝卜苷（6）、rosin（7）、水杨苷（8）、chalcononaringenin-2''-O-β-D-glucopyranoside（9）、3,4-二羟基苯甲酸（10）、苯甲酸（11）和水杨酸（12）。其中化合物1、2、5和9能够显著抑制秀丽隐杆线虫脂肪生成。结论 12个化合物均为首次从黑柳中分离得到。化合物5对秀丽隐杆线虫脂肪生成的抑制作用最强。