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21.
22.
Microvascular structural entropy: A novel approach to assess angiogenesis in pituitary tumors 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Entropy, a measure of the degree of disorder in a system, has recently been used in different morphologic studies to quantify
regularity. Our aims were (a) to study the structural organization of the microvascular bed in prolactin (PRL)-producing adenomas
and carcinomas, the most vascularized of pituitary tumors, by assessing microvascular structural entropy (MSE), and (b) to
determine whether the degree of disorder of the capillary bed correlates with tumor cell proliferation as estimated by MIB-1
labeling, microvessel density (MVD), the most widely used method of quantifying blood vessel formation, and various clinicopathologic
parameters (gender, age, tumor size and invasiveness). The morphometric study demonstrated statistically significant differences
in MIB-1 labeling, MVD, and MSE between PRL-producing adenomas and carcinomas. Unlike MIB-1 labeling index (PRL-producing
adenomas 1.5±0.27; carcinomas 15.0±4.04) and MVD (PRL-producing adenomas 2.7±0.34; carcinomas 4.2±0.72), the MSE values were
significantly higher in adenomas (171.5±25.37) than in carcinomas (67.9±17.45). These results indicate that PRL-producing
carcinomas have a less chaotic distribution of vessels than benign adenomas. In contrast to a lack of correlation between,
microvessel density and other morphometric parameters, a strong negative correlation was found between MSE and MIB-1 labeling
index (r=0.511, p=0.003). It thus appears that regular, less chaotic microvascular geometry contributes to increased proliferative activity
in PRL cell tumors. Analysis of MSE may provide an independent parameter of tumor behavior, and contributes to a better understanding
of the role of microvasculature in pituitary tumor progression. 相似文献
23.
24.
K. Kovacs E. Horvath B. Corenblum A. M. T. Sirek G. Penz C. Ezrin 《Virchows Archiv : an international journal of pathology》1975,366(2):113-123
Summary Morphologic studies of pituitary neoplasms removed by surgery from 36 human patients revealed 8 chromophobe adenomas which differed clearly from the remaining tumors. The cytoplasm of the adenoma cells failed to stain with PAS, aniline blue, aldehyde fuchsin, aldehyde thionin, orange G or light green, but positively stained granules were found by using erythrosine or carmoisine. Immunoperoxidase technique disclosed the presence of prolactin in the cytoplasm of some adenoma cells. The adenoma cells exhibited distinct ultrastructural features such as well developed rough surfaced endoplasmic reticulum with Nebenkern formation, prominence of Golgi apparatus, presence of misplaced exocytosis as well as pleomorphism of secretory granules with a considerable variation of size ranging from 130 to 500 nm in diameter. Thus, by electron microscopy the adenoma cells showed a close resemblance to prolactin cells of the non-tumorous pituitary glands except for the reduced size and number of secretory granules.These chromophobe adenomas are regarded as representing a distinct pathological entity clearly distinguishable from other forms of pituitary neoplasms. In view of the morphologic findings and the elevation of blood prolactin level (measured in 3 patients) the term, sparsely granulated prolactin producing pituitary adenoma, appears to be the most appropriate one to designate these tumors.The authors wish to thank Dr. H. Friesen for providing the anti-human prolactin and Dr. L. A. Sternberger for the peroxidase-anti-peroxidase complex. The excellent technical assistance of Mrs. Gezina Ilse and Miss Nancy Macphail and the valuable secretarial help of Mrs. Maureen Rowling are appreciated.The work was supported in part by MA-552 grant of the Medical Research Council of Canada and by the St. Michael's Hospital Research Society. 相似文献
25.
Charles Frèche Francisque Leynadier Friedrich Horak David Hide Fernando Duce Gracia Manfred Goos Claus Bachert Attila Horvath Eva Antosova Muriel Verrecchia Paul Ben Soussen 《Annals of allergy, asthma & immunology》2002,89(3):304-310
BACKGROUND: Mizolastine is a nonsedating H1 histamine receptor antagonist with additional antiallergic properties currently marketed in Europe for the treatment of seasonal and perennial allergic rhinitis (PAR) and urticaria. OBJECTIVE: This multicenter, randomized, double-blind, parallel-group study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of mizolastine in PAR compared with loratadine and placebo. METHODS: After a 1-week placebo run-in period, 428 adult PAR patients received placebo (146 of 428), mizolastine 10 mg (141 of 428), or loratadine 10 mg (141 of 428) once daily for 28 days. Symptoms were evaluated by patients and physicians using a total nasal score, evaluating itching, rhinorrhea, nasal blockade, and sneezing severity. RESULTS: Mizolastine treatment resulted in a significantly greater decrease in patient-rated total nasal score than placebo after 2 weeks (D14; -42%, P < 0.001) and at the end of the treatment period (-46%, P = 0.01), and significantly greater than that observed with loratadine at D14 (P = 0.031). No significant difference in change in total nasal score was observed between loratadine and placebo at 2- and 4-week visits. The global safety was satisfactory and the incidence of adverse events was similar in the three treatment groups. CONCLUSIONS: Mizolastine provides effective symptom relief in PAR together with a satisfactory safety profile. Improvement with mizolastine was significantly greater than placebo throughout the study despite a large placebo effect. Also mizolastine's effects were greater those observed with loratadine after 2 weeks of treatment. 相似文献
26.
Ochiai Y Golding LA Massiello AL Medvedev AL Horvath DJ Gerhart RL Chen JF Krogulecki AY Takagaki M Doi K Howard MW Fukamachi K 《ASAIO journal (American Society for Artificial Internal Organs : 1992)》2002,48(3):249-252
The Cleveland Clinic CorAide left ventricular assist system consists of a permanently implantable centrifugal pump in which the rotating assembly is completely suspended and noncontacting. A series of chronic animal in vivo studies were conducted to evaluate the biologic effects of CorAide circulatory support without the use of anticoagulation therapy. The CorAide pump was implanted in six calves (five calves for 21 to 32 days and one calf for 95 days). The first five calves received intravenous heparin during the early postoperative periods (2-7 days). Heparin administration was then discontinued and no other anticoagulant drugs were used for the duration of the experiments. The last calf did not receive any anticoagulant except for a bolus dose of heparin (200 U/kg) during surgery. Hemodynamics were stable in all six calves, with a mean pump flow of 5.6+/-1.2 L/min and mean arterial pressure of 100+/-4 mm Hg. The blood pump surfaces were clean of thrombus in all six calves. Significant findings at autopsy were limited to one case of renal infarction. There was no incidence of mechanical failure, bleeding, or device infection. The CorAide pump can be safely run with minimal or no anticoagulant therapy. 相似文献
27.
Ectopic pituitary adenoma (EPA) is rare and, to the authors’ knowledge, its association with peliosis has not yet been described.
The case of a 38-yr-old woman with clinical and biochemical evidence of Cushing’s syndrome is reported. Magnetic resonance
imaging (MRI) disclosed a normal pituitary and a separate mass in the sphenoid sinus. The surgically remove’s hyaline change
in the corticotrophs, indicating exposure to glucocorticoid excess. By histology, the mass in the sphenoid sinus was a congested,
chromophobic, partly basophilic, periodic acid-Schiff (PAS)-positive pituitary adenoma composed of pleomorphic, adrenocorticotropic
hormone (ACTH)-positive, corticotrophs. There was focal immunopositivity for MIB-1 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen
(PCNA). Electron microscopy confirmed the diagnosis of corticotroph adenoma. A striking finding, consistent with the diagnosis
of peliosis, was the presence of multiple large blood-filled spaces lacking an endothelial lining. The capillaries were dilated,
but often appeared empty and the fenestrated endothelium exhibited discontinuities. The cause of peliosis is obscure. It may
be that the venous outflow was impaired in this case leading to capillary dilation, congestion, hyperpermeability, rupture,
and accumulation of blood in extravascular spaces. 相似文献
28.
Deodhare SS Bilbao JM Kovacs K Horvath E Nomikos P Buchfelder M Reschke K Lehnert H 《Endocrine pathology》1999,10(3):237-241
We report a case of xanthomatous hypophysitis, a recently described entity of obscure etiology affecting the pituitary gland,
in a 43-yr-old women. Histologically it is characterized by infiltration of the anterior pituitary by foamy histiocytes which
are strongly immunoreactive for CD68 (histiocytic marker) and are immunonegative for S100 and CD1a. Electron microscopy revealed
histiocytes with abundant cytoplasmic lipid droplets and membrane bound vacuoles. Fragments of intact anterior pituitary with
preserved vascular and reticulin networks are seen. Xanthomatous hypophysitis resembles neoplasm on clinical and radiologic
grounds. 相似文献
29.
Y chromosome deletions in azoospermic and severely oligozoospermic men undergoing intracytoplasmic sperm injection after testicular sperm extraction 总被引:11,自引:16,他引:11
Silber SJ; Alagappan R; Brown LG; Page DC 《Human reproduction (Oxford, England)》1998,13(12):3332-3337
Y chromosome deletions encompassing the AZFc region have been reported in
13% of azoospermic men and 7% of severely oligozoospermic men. We examined
the impact of these Y deletions on the severity of testicular defects in 51
azoospermic men undergoing intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) after
testicular sperm extraction (TESE) and 30 men with severe oligozoospermia
undergoing ICSI after ejaculation of spermatozoa. In addition, five
azoospermic patients shown previously to have Y chromosome deletions
underwent histological evaluation of their previously obtained testis
biopsy specimens. A further 27 azoospermic men underwent TESE-ICSI, but not
Y chromosome DNA testing. Ten of 51 azoospermic men (20%) who underwent
TESE-ICSI and Y-DNA testing were found to be deleted for portions of the Y
chromosome AZFc region. Of these 10, five had spermatozoa retrievable from
the testis, and in two cases the wives became pregnant. Of the 41
azoospermic men with no Y chromosome deletion, 22 (54%) had spermatozoa
retrievable from the testis, and in 12 cases (29%) the wives became
pregnant. Four of 30 (13%) severely oligozoospermic patients were found to
be deleted for AZFc and in three (75%) of these pregnancy was achieved. The
other 26 severely oligozoospermic couples who had no AZFc deletions
underwent ICSI, and 12 (46%) have an ongoing or delivered pregnancy. The
embryo implantation rate was not significantly different for azoospermic
(22%), oligozoospermic (16%), Y-deleted (14%) or Y-intact (18%) men. Of the
total of 19 infertile men who had Y chromosome deletions, 14 had deletions
within Y chromosome intervals 6D-6F, in the AZFc region. Twelve of those 14
had some spermatozoa (however few in number) in the ejaculate or testis.
Five of the Y-deleted men had deletions that extended more proximally on
the Y chromosome, and in none of these could any spermatozoa be observed in
either ejaculate or testis. These results support the concept that, in
azoospermic or oligozoospermic men with Y chromosome deletions limited to
intervals 6D-6F (AZFc), there are generally very small numbers of
testicular or ejaculated spermatozoa. Larger Y deletions, including and
extending beyond the AZFc region and encompassing more Y genes, tend to be
associated with a total absence of testicular spermatozoa. In those cases
where spermatozoa were retrieved, the presence of Y deletions had no
obvious impact on fertilization or pregnancy rate.
相似文献
30.
Albert Beckers Kalman Kovacs Eva Horvath Roger Abs Michel Reznik Achille Stevenaert 《Endocrine pathology》1991,2(3):123-131
Twenty-four acromegalic patients were treated with octreotide subcutaneously for periods of 3 to 6 weeks (group I, 12 cases)
or 6 months (group II, 12 cases) before transsphenoidal surgery. Radiological studies performed in 19 patients before and
at the end of this treatment period revealed no changes in 8 cases. In 8 other cases, a slight reduction in tumorsize was observed, and in 3 cases an important shrinkage was documented. At surgery, the adenomatous tissue appeared softer than
in nonpretreated patients, facilitating the operation. Pathological examination revealed widening of perivascular spaces with
accumulation of fibrous tissue and more crinophagy than in nonpretreated patients but failed to reveal morphologically pronounced
cell involution as observed in prolactin-producing adenomas treated with dopamine agonists. No significant difference in frequency
or extent of cellular changes was noted between the two groups. These morphological findings seem to be more consistent with
a functional inhibition of growth hormone release than with cellular alterations induced by octreotide. 相似文献