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Aman P. Sayal Jacqueline Slomovic Nishaant Bhambra Marko M. Popovic Myrna Lichter 《Canadian journal of ophthalmology. Journal canadien d'ophtalmologie》2021,56(3):158-165
BackgroundHomelessness is a global issue in developing and developed countries. This article is the first systematic review to explore its impact on visual health globally.MethodsA systematic literature search was conducted on OVID MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane CENTRAL. Peer-reviewed English-language studies with a focus on homeless children or adults that reported on ocular outcomes were included. Primary outcomes and secondary endpoints were reported via weighted averages. Primary outcomes between homeless children and homeless adults were compared using the Fisher exact test.ResultsThere were 5774 individuals across 23 full-text articles included in the review. For studies reporting primary outcomes, 36.8% of homeless individuals self-reported dissatisfaction with their vision, 26.8% self-reported a previous ocular pathology, 26.3% had uncorrected refractive error, 25.6% were functionally visually impaired, 9.2% had at least one previous eye surgery or procedure, and 4.0% had nonrefractive visual impairment. Upon screening, 25.1% of homeless individuals had some type of ocular pathology, which included cornea and external eye diseases (13.4%), glaucoma (7.4%), cataracts (6.3%), retinal diseases (5.3%), ocular motility disorders (4.7%), trauma (2.3%), neuro-ophthalmological conditions (1.7%), and oculoplastic conditions (0.7%). Homeless adults had significantly more visual impairment (p < 0.001), uncorrected refractive error (p < 0.001), ocular pathology (p < 0.001), cataracts (p < 0.001), retinal pathology (p < 0.001), and neuro-ophthalmological conditions (p < 0.001) relative to children.ConclusionsVisual impairment in homeless individuals is higher than the general population. Uncorrected refractive error is a leading cause of visual impairment in this population. Additionally, homeless adults have significantly more visual impairment and ocular pathology than homeless children. Future studies should also explore if these differences are consistent in developing countries and investigate ways to increase eye care access for homeless individuals. 相似文献
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Akash Makkar Joann Prisciandaro Sunil Agarwal Morgan Lusk Laura Horwood Jean Moran Colleen Fox James A. Hayman Hamid Ghanbari Brett Roberts Diego Belardi Rakesh Latchamsetty Thomas Crawford Eric Good Krit Jongnarangsin Frank Bogun Aman Chugh Hakan Oral Fred Morady Frank Pelosi 《Heart rhythm》2012,9(12):1964-1968
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A heterostructure of WS2/WO3·H2O has been prepared by partial oxidation of WS2 nanosheets by exposing bulk WS2 micron powder to ultrasonic waves in a bath sonicator. The as-prepared nanomaterial was used as a sensing film in an interdigitated electrode-based gas detecting device. The device was found to be specific towards ammonia gas among a group oxidizing and reducing gases. In particular, a response of as high as 11.36–254.66% was recorded for ammonia concentrations of 50 ppb to 2 ppm with excellent repeatability and reproducibility at room temperature. The response time and recovery time of the device was found to be a few tens of seconds suggesting its practicability. A plausible mechanism based on different active sites present in the receptor film is proposed and a logical reason behind its specificity towards ammonia gas is also inferred based on the Lewis acidic centers on the nano-surfaces. Overall, this proposed nanomaterial has very high potential for practical use as a room temperature ammonia sensor.A tungsten sulfide/tungstite heterostructure is prepared via a modified liquid exfoliation technique. A chemiresistive sensor based on this nanomaterial demonstrates excellent sensitivity and selectivity towards ammonia gas even at room temperature. 相似文献
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Hyperventilation often occurs under stressful conditions and has been reported before, during or after anaesthesia and surgery. Hyperventilation is characterised by multiple somatic symptoms due to hypocalcaemia induced by respiratory alkalosis because of inappropriate hyperventilation. It should be managed as an emergency. Here, we report a case of 30 year old full term parturient presenting in labour in a highly anxious state, presenting with symptoms and signs of hypocalcaemia in the form of circumoral numbness along with carpal spasm. The patient was managed successfully with reassurance and intravenous calcium gluconate. 相似文献
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Victoria Hallett Luc Lecavalier Denis G. Sukhodolsky Noreen Cipriano Michael G. Aman James T. McCracken Christopher J. McDougle Elaine Tierney Bryan H. King Eric Hollander Linmarie Sikich Joel Bregman Evdokia Anagnostou Craig Donnelly Lily Katsovich Kimberly Dukes Benedetto Vitiello Kenneth Gadow Lawrence Scahill 《Journal of autism and developmental disorders》2013,43(10):2341-2352
This study explores the manifestation and measurement of anxiety symptoms in 415 children with ASDs on a 20-item, parent-rated, DSM-IV referenced anxiety scale. In both high and low-functioning children (IQ above vs. below 70), commonly endorsed items assessed restlessness, tension and sleep difficulties. Items requiring verbal expression of worry by the child were rarely endorsed. Higher anxiety was associated with functional language, IQ above 70 and higher scores on several other behavioral measures. Four underlying factors emerged: Generalized Anxiety, Separation Anxiety, Social Anxiety and Over-arousal. Our findings extend our understanding of anxiety across IQ in ASD and provide guidance for improving anxiety outcome measurement. 相似文献
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Regenhardt Robert W. Turner Ashby C. Hirsch Joshua A. Young Michael J. Alotaibi Naif M. Stapleton Christopher J. Patel Aman B. Leslie-Mazwi Thabele M. Rost Natalia S. Etherton Mark R. 《Journal of neurology》2022,269(1):307-315
Journal of Neurology - Sex-specific differences in ischemic stroke outcomes are prevalent. We sought to investigate sex differences in the determinants of reperfusion and functional outcomes after... 相似文献