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Non‐inferiority of silodosin 4 mg once daily to twice daily for storage symptoms score evaluated by the International Prostate Symptom Score in Japanese patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia: A multicenter,randomized, parallel‐group study 下载免费PDF全文
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Yoshiyuki Shioyama Hiroshi Tsuji Hiroaki Suefuji Makoto Sinoto Akira Matsunobu Shingo Toyama Katsumasa Nakamura Sho Kudo 《International journal of urology》2015,22(1):33-39
Recent advances in external beam radiotherapy have allowed us to deliver higher doses to the tumors while decreasing doses to the surrounding tissues. Dose escalation using high‐precision radiotherapy has improved the treatment outcomes of prostate cancer. Intensity‐modulated radiation therapy has been widely used throughout the world as the most advanced form of photon radiotherapy. In contrast, particle radiotherapy has also been under development, and has been used as an effective and non‐invasive radiation modality for prostate and other cancers. Among the particles used in such treatments, protons and carbon ions have the physical advantage that the dose can be focused on the tumor with only minimal exposure of the surrounding normal tissues. Furthermore, carbon ions also have radiobiological advantages that include higher killing effects on intrinsic radio‐resistant tumors, hypoxic tumor cells and tumor cells in the G0 or S phase. However, the degree of clinical benefit derived from these theoretical advantages in the treatment of prostate cancer has not been adequately determined. The present article reviews the available literature on the use of particle radiotherapy for prostate cancer as well as the literature on the physical and radiobiological properties of this treatment, and discusses the role and the relative merits of particle radiotherapy compared with current photon‐based radiotherapy, with a focus on proton beam therapy and carbon ion radiotherapy. 相似文献
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Urinary reconstruction in vertebral,anorectal, cardiac,trachea‐esophageal,renal abnormalities and limb defects association with chronic renal failure and penile duplication 下载免费PDF全文
Masaki Muramatsu Seiichiro Shishido Hiroshi Nihei Yuko Hamasaki Yoji Hyodo Takeshi Kawamura Atsushi Aikawa 《International journal of urology》2015,22(1):125-127
Various urological complications in VATER association require careful management. A 15‐year‐old boy with VATER association, including a hypoplastic lower urinary tract and diphallia, presented with chronic kidney disease and incontinence after a right loop ureterostomy. In order to acquire urinary continence without renal function impairment, an ileocecal reservoir with umbilical catheterizable stoma was created as a urinary reconstruction. The ectopic posterior penis was resected for cosmetic reasons, and the stump of the hypoplastic urethra was opened at the perineal skin. Clean intermittent self‐catheterization through the umbilicus using disabled bilateral limbs was then achieved. This report describes the management of VATER association in a patient with complicated urological anomalies. 相似文献
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