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排序方式: 共有6903条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
91.
Tetsuya Sakai Tadasuke Use Hiroko Shimamoto Taku Fukano Koji Sumikawa 《Journal canadien d'anesthésie》2003,50(10):1027-1030
PURPOSE: To determine the optimal dose of intrathecal morphine that produces satisfactory analgesia with minimum side effects in elderly patients undergoing transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). METHODS: In this double-blind prospective study, 42 patients undergoing TURP with spinal anesthesia were allocated to one of three groups. Group A (n = 14) received tetracaine, 10 mg, alone. Group B (n = 13) and Group C (n = 15) received morphine 0.05 mg and 0.10 mg, respectively, in combination with tetracaine. Postoperative pain, nausea and pruritus were evaluated using visual analogue scales (VAS). SpO(2) and respiratory rate were also assessed. RESULTS: At three, five, seven and 24 hr after spinal anesthesia, the VAS scores for pain in Groups B and C were significantly less than in Group A. Group C experienced significantly greater VAS scores for pruritus as compared to Groups A and B. There was no significant difference in the intensity of nausea among the three groups. No patient experienced hypoxemia (SpO(2) < 90%) and respiratory depression (respiratory rate < 10 beats*min(-1)) in any group. CONCLUSION: A dose of 0.05 mg in intrathecal morphine with spinal anesthesia would be optimal for elderly patients undergoing TURP. 相似文献
92.
Purpose. The study was done to determine the characteristics and prevalence of myocardial ischemia with inverted T waves after noncardiac
surgery.
Methods. A list of patients who developed electrocardiogram (ECG) T-wave inversion associated with wall-motion abnormalities observed
by transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) following noncardiac surgery was generated from the intensive care unit (ICU) medical
records database between January 1, 1995, and December 31, 2000. The hospital records of these patients were analyzed retrospectively.
Results. Among 4219 patients (2187 men and 2032 women) who were admitted to the ICU after noncardiac surgery, 13 developed myocardial
ischemia with inverted T waves postoperatively. All of the patients were middle-aged or elderly women with no history of coronary
artery disease; nine of them had undergone intraabdominal surgery. Characteristic ECG findings included inverted T waves in
the left precordial leads, which subsequently became prominent with QT prolongation. In all of these patients, wall-motion
abnormalities were observed on the anterior wall, but these resolved within 60 days of the episode. Myocardial ischemia was
asymptomatic, with neither hemodynamic changes nor adverse cardiac events.
Conclusion. Newly developed giant negative T waves with QT prolongation in the ECG may indicate myocardial stunning, but do not in themselves
imply a poor prognosis. The marked preponderance of middle-aged and elderly women with this type of myocardial ischemia remains
to be explained.
Received: June 7, 2002 / Accepted: December 20, 2002
Address correspondence to: Y. Esaki 相似文献
93.
94.
Hisateru Niki Naoki Haraguchi Takafumi Aoki Hiroko Ikezawa Kazuo Ouchi Ryuzo Okuda Masataka Kakihana Hiroaki Shima Yasunori Suda Masato Takao Yasuhito Tanaka Kota Watanabe Shinobu Tatsunami 《Journal of orthopaedic science》2017,22(4):737-742
Background
In this study, we investigated the responsiveness of the Self-Administered Foot Evaluation Questionnaire (SAFE-Q) for patient's assessment before and after hallux valgus surgery.Methods
Patient-reported answers on the SAFE-Q and Short Form-36 (SF-36) before and at a mean of 3–4 and 9–12 months after hallux valgus surgery were analyzed. Data of 100 patients (92 women, eight men) from 36 institutions throughout Japan were used for analysis.Results
In all subscales of the SAFE-Q, the trend of increased scores after surgery was statistically significant (P < 0.001). Among the patients with available scores both before and at 9–12 months after surgery (n = 66), the largest effect sizes (ESs) were observed for shoe-related (1.60), pain and pain-related (1.05), and general health and well-being (0.84) scales. In the SF-36 (n = 64), the largest ES was observed for the bodily pain scale (0.86). Less notable changes were observed for the remaining SF-36 domains.Conclusion
The SAFE-Q is the first patient-reported outcome measure which includes a quality of life assessment of shoes. In our cohort, the most remarkable responsiveness was observed for the shoe-related subscale. Based on its responsiveness, the SAFE-Q appears to be sufficient for evaluation of foot-related quality of life before and after surgery. 相似文献95.
Takayuki Takeichi Hideaki Okajima Hiroko Suda Shintarou Hayashida Hironori Iwasaki Manuel Zeledon Ramirez Mikako Ueno Katsuhiro Asonuma Yukihiro Inomata 《Liver transplantation》2005,11(10):1285-1288
Congenital absence of the portal vein (CAPV) is a rare malformation of the splanchnic venous system. Although CAPV is usually detected in the pediatric age group, our patient was a 35-year-old woman. She had been diagnosed with CAPV in 1996 when she was 27 years old. In 1998, she was placed on hemodialysis due to chronic renal failure. After several episodes of encephalopathy in 2002, liver transplantation (LT) was recommended to her and her family. Since there was no suitable living donor candidate, she was put on the waiting list for a deceased donor liver transplant in Japan. In 2004, her ammonia level increased to around 300 microg/dl, and she went into a coma lasting for three days. After recovering from this event, she underwent a living domino transplantation using a whole liver donated by a familial amyloid polyneuropathy (FAP) patient. Her portal vein, which had drained directly into the inferior vena cava (IVC), was transected together with a cuff of the IVC wall and anastomosed to the graft liver portal vein in an end-to-end fashion. In conclusion, liver transplantation proved to be a safe and effective way to save this patient and improve her quality of life. 相似文献
96.
Nahoko Kawamura Makoto Tomita Midori Hasegawa Kazutaka Murakami Kunihiro Nabeshima Hiroko Kushimoto Masami Kasugai Kazuo Takahashi Yoshiyuki Hiki Tsuneo Kinukawa Nobumitsu Usuda Satoshi Sugiyama 《Clinical transplantation》2005,19(S14):27-31
Abstract: The effects of antibody-mediated rejection on long-term graft survival have not been fully investigated. The aim of this study is to clarify the influence on long-term survival of deposition of the complement split product C4d in allografts using polyclonal anti-C4d antibody. Inclusion criteria were recipients who underwent graft biopsy during acute deterioration of graft function within the first 2 yr after transplantation. Patients whose graft did not survive more than 1 yr and who received graft from an human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-identical sibling or an ABO-incompatible donor were excluded. Among the 92 recipients investigated, 22 (23.9%) had peritubular capillary C4d deposition, 15 (16.3%) had glomerular capillary C4d deposition and seven (7.6%) had both peritubular and glomerular capillary C4d deposition. Twenty of these 22 patients revealed acute cellular rejection, including borderline changes. There was no significant relationship between pathological severity of acute rejection and presence or absence of peritubular capillary C4d deposition. Graft survival was inferior in patients with peritubular capillary C4d deposition to that in patients without C4d deposition (p = 0.0419). Graft survival in patients with glomerular C4d deposition did not differ from that in patients without C4d deposition. In conclusion, C4d deposition in peritubular capillaries has a substantial impact on long-term graft survival. 相似文献
97.
98.
Masahiro Takahashi Toshihide Mizoguchi Shunsuke Uehara Yuko Nakamichi Shuhua Yang Hiroko Naramoto Teruhito Yamashita Yasuhiro Kobayashi Minoru Yamaoka Kiyofumi Furusawa Nobuyuki Udagawa Takashi Uematsu Naoyuki Takahashi 《Journal of bone and mineral metabolism》2009,27(1):24-35
Osteoclasts are formed from the monocyte-macrophage lineage in response to receptor activator of nuclear factor κB ligand
(RANKL) expressed by osteoblasts. Bone is the most common site of breast cancer metastasis, and osteoclasts play roles in
the metastasis. The taxane-derived compounds paclitaxel and docetaxel are used for the treatment of malignant diseases, including
breast cancer. Here we explored the effects of docetaxel on osteoclastic bone resorption in mouse culture systems. Osteoclasts
were formed within 6 days in cocultures of osteoblasts and bone marrow cells treated with 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 plus prostaglandin E2. Docetaxel at 10−8 M inhibited osteoclast formation in the coculture when added for the entire culture period or for the first 3 days. Docetaxel,
even at 10−6 M added for the final 3 days, failed to inhibit osteoclast formation. Osteoprotegerin, a decoy receptor of RANKL, completely
inhibited osteoclast formation when added for the final 3 days. Docetaxel at 10−8 M inhibited the proliferation of osteoblasts and bone marrow cells. RANKL mRNA expression induced by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin
D3 plus prostaglandin E2 in osteoblasts was not affected by docetaxel even at 10−6 M. Docetaxel at 10−6 M, but not at 10−8 M, inhibited pit-forming activity of osteoclasts cultured on dentine. Actin ring formation and l-glutamate secretion by osteoclasts were also inhibited by docetaxel at 10−6 M. Thus, docetaxel inhibits bone resorption in two different manners: inhibition of osteoclast formation at 10−8 M and of osteoclast function at 10−6 M. These results suggest that taxanes have beneficial effects in the treatment of bone metastatic cancers.
Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users. 相似文献
99.
Hiroko Kunitake Richard Hodin Paul C. Shellito Bruce E. Sands Joshua Korzenik Liliana Bordeianou 《Journal of gastrointestinal surgery》2008,12(10):1730-1737
Purpose The impact of infliximab (IFX) on postoperative complications in surgical patients with Crohn’s disease (CD) and ulcerative
colitis (UC) is unclear. We examined a large patient cohort to clarify whether a relationship exists between IFX and postoperative
complications.
Methods A total of 413 consecutive patients—188 (45.5%) with suspected CD, 156 (37.8%) with UC, and 69 (16.7%) with indeterminate
colitis—underwent abdominal surgery at the Massachusetts General Hospital between January 1993 and June 2007. One hundred
one (24.5%) had received preoperative IFX ≤ 12 weeks before surgery. These patients were compared to those who did not receive
IFX with respect to demographics, comorbidities, presence of preoperative infections, steroid use, and nutritional status.
We then compared the cumulative rate of complications for each group, which included deaths, anastomotic leak, infection,
thrombotic complications, prolonged ileus/small bowel obstruction, cardiac, and hepatorenal complications. Potential risk
factors for infectious complications including preexisting infection, pathological diagnosis, and steroid or IFX exposure
were further evaluated using logistic regression analysis.
Results Patients were similar with respect to gender (IFX = 40.6% men vs. non-IFX = 51.9%, p = 0.06), age (36.1 years vs.37.8, p = 0.43), Charlson Comorbidity Index (5.3 vs. 5.7, p = 0.25), concomitant steroids (75.3% vs. 76.9%, p = 0.79), preoperative albumin level (3.3 vs. 3.2, p = 0.36), and rate of emergent surgery (3.0% vs. 3.5%, p = 1.00). IFX patients had higher rates of CD (56.4% vs. 41.9%, p = 0.02), concomitant azathioprine/6-mercaptopurine use (34.6% vs. 16.6%, p < 0.0001), and lower rates of intra-abdominal abscess (3.9% vs. 11%, p < 0.05). After surgery, the two groups had similar rates of death (2% vs. 0.3% p = 0.09), anastomotic leak (3.0% vs. 2.9%, p = 0.97), cumulative infections (5.97% vs. 10.1%, p = 1), thrombotic complications (3.6% vs. 3.0%, p = 0.06), prolonged ileus/small bowel obstructions (3.9 vs. 2.8, p = 0.59), cardiac complications (1% vs. 0.6%, p = 0.42), and hepatic or renal complications (1.0 vs. 0.6% p = 0.72). A logistic regression model was then created to assess the impact of IFX, as well as other potential risk factors,
on the rates of cumulative postoperative infections. We found that steroids (odds ratio [OR] = 1.2, p = 0.74), IFX (OR 2.5, p = 0.14), preoperative diagnosis of CD (OR = 0.7, p = 0.63) or UC (OR = 0.6, p = 0.48), and preoperative infection (OR = 1.2, p = 0.76) did not affect rates of clinically important postoperative infections.
Conclusions Preoperative IFX was not associated with an increased rate of cumulative postoperative complications.
Dr. Sands has received research grants and honoraria for lecturing and consulting from Centocor. 相似文献
100.
Torimoto K Hirao Y Matsuyoshi H de Groat WC Chancellor MB Yoshimura N 《The Journal of urology》2005,173(3):1027-1032
PURPOSE: We investigated the contribution of alpha1-adrenoceptor mechanisms to urethral dysfunction associated with diabetes mellitus (DM) in rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Eight weeks after streptozotocin injection (65 mg/kg intraperitoneally) the effects of DM on urethral relaxation mechanisms were evaluated with subjects under urethane anesthesia by simultaneous recordings of intravesical pressure in isovolumetric conditions and urethral perfusion pressure (UPP). RESULTS: In diabetic rats the intravesical pressure thresholds for inducing urethral relaxation and the lowest urethral pressure (UPP nadir) during urethral relaxation were significantly higher by 142% and 86%, respectively, than in normal rats, while baseline UPPs were not significantly different. The mean rate of high frequency oscillations of urethral striated muscle in diabetic rats was also significantly lower by 23% than in normal rats. After alpha-bungarotoxin treatment (333 mug/kg intravenously) to eliminate striated muscle sphincter contractions the SD of baseline UPPs was significantly larger by 93% than in normal rats. Intravenous administration of terazosin (0.4 mg/kg), an alpha1-adrenoceptor antagonist, significantly decreased the UPP nadir, intravesical pressure thresholds inducing urethral relaxation and the SD by 41%, 87% and 138%, respectively, in diabetic rats but not in normal rats. In the 2 groups of animals after alpha-bungarotoxin treatment urethral relaxation during a reflex bladder contraction was inhibited by Nomega-nitro-L-arginine (40 mg/kg intravenously), a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor. CONCLUSIONS: During reflex bladder contractions streptozotocin induced diabetic rats showed smooth and striated muscle dysfunctions of the urethra. The inhibition of alpha1-adrenoceptors, which decreased the UPP nadir and UPP fluctuation, may be useful for treating urethral dysfunction in DM. 相似文献