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71.
Shingo Tsujinaka Hideyuki Suzuki Tomoya Miura Yoshihiro Sato Chikashi Shibata 《World journal of gastroenterology : WJG》2022,28(47):6732-6742
This review aimed to highlight the etiology, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of obstructive and secretory complications associated with diverting ileostomy (DI). Obstructive complications at the stoma site are termed stoma outlet obstruction (SOO) or stoma-related obstruction (SRO). The incidence of SOO/SRO is 5.4%-27.3%, and the risk factors are multifactorial; however, the configuration of the stoma limb and the thickness of the rectus abdominis muscle (RAM) may be of particular concern. Trans-stomal tube decompression is initially attempted with a success rate of 33%-86%. A thick RAM may carry the risk of recurrence. Surgical refinement, including a wider incision of the anterior sheath and adequate stoma limb length, avoids tension and immobility and may decrease SOO/SRO. Secretory complications of DI are termed high output stoma (HOS). Persistent HOS lead to water and sodium depletion, and secondary hyperaldosteronism, resulting in electrolyte imbalances, such as hypomagnesemia. The incidence of HOS is 14%-24%, with an output of 1000-2000 mL/d lasting up to three days. Treatment of HOS is commenced after excluding postoperative complications or enteritis and includes fluid intake restriction, antimotility and antisecretory drug therapies, and magnesium supplementation. Intensive monitoring and surveillance programs have been successful in decreasing readmissions for dehydration. 相似文献
72.
Four patients with advanced pancreatic adenocarcinoma suggesting slow-growing tumors are reported on. Tumors in 2 of the 4 were far-advanced, but both survived for over 3 years after treatment. One demonstrated 165 days of serum CA 19-9 level doubling time (T2CA 19-9), while the other demonstrated 135 days of DUPAN II level doubling time. Late tumor recurrence was observed in the remaining 2 patients who survived over 8 years after surgery, demonstrating long-term T2CA 19-9. A long-term T2CA 19-9 of 141 days was correlated with slow tumor growth in computed tomography (CT) scans in 1 patient, who survived 2.5 years after evidence of recurrent tumor without supplementary therapy. These observations, which suggest slow-growing variants, have not been reported in the literature on pancreatic adenocarcinoma. A significant difference was also seen in tumor-marker doubling time among 6 patients who survived over 3 years and 26 patients who did not (p = 0.02). Thus, the doubling time may characterize certain tumors biologically in a way that is useful in practice for predicting disease outcome. 相似文献
73.
Terumi Kamisawa Ikuo Tabata Tomoaki Isawa Junichi Ishiwata Masashi Fukayama Morio Koike 《Journal of gastrointestinal cancer》1995,17(2):207-211
Summary A carcinoma in the dorsal part of the pancreas divisum with an annular pancreas in the anterior part is reported. A 79-yr-old
female was admitted in our hospital complaining of epigastralgia. Computed tomography (CT) and ultrasound (US) showed an irregular
mass in the pancreatic body. A pancreatogram obtained through the major duodenal papilla demonstrated only the ventral pancreatic
duct that encircled the duodenum. Contrast medium injected from the minor duodenal papilla showed Santorini’s duct obstruction
at the neck portion of the pancreas without communication with the ventral pancreatic duct. The patient died with liver metastases.
Autopsy confirmed annular pancreas and a 6-cm tumor in the pancreatic body extending to the pancreatic head and pancreas divisum.
Pancreatic carcinoma; histologically a moderately differentiated adenocarcinoma; originated from the dorsal part of pancreas
divisum. To our knowledge this is the first report of pancreatic carcinoma associated with annular pancreas coexistent with
pancreas divisum. 相似文献
74.
Lim YH Hirose K Izumiya H Arakawa E Takahashi H Terajima J Itoh K Tamura K Kim SI Watanabe H 《Japanese journal of infectious diseases》2003,56(4):151-155
A multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay was developed for the identification of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium. Three sets of primers were designed for detecting O4, H:i, and H:1,2 antigen genes from the antigen-specific genes rfbJ, fliC, and fljB, respectively. These were evaluated in a multiplex PCR assay by using DNAs from S. enterica serovar Typhimurium, 15 other Salmonella serovars, and 8 non-Salmonella enteric pathogens. Multiplex PCR proved to be capable of identifying S. enterica serovar Typhimurium specifically and differentiating it from other Salmonella serovars in addition to non-Salmonella enteric pathogens. Thus, this multiplex PCR assay can be practically applied to the identification of S. enterica serovar Typhimurium. 相似文献
75.
Youichi Kumagai Tetsuhiko Tachikawa Morihiro Higashi Jun Sobajima Akemi Takahashi Kunihiko Amano Minoru Fukuchi Kei-ichiro Ishibashi Erito Mochiki Koji Yakabi Jun-ichi Tamaru Hideyuki Ishida 《Esophagus》2018,15(1):19-26
Background
The relationship between thymidine phosphorylase (TP) and angiogenesis at the early stage of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma has been unclear.Methods
Using 14 samples of normal squamous epithelium, 11 samples of low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia, and 64 samples of superficial esophageal cancer, microvessel density (MVD) was estimated using immunostaining for CD34 and CD105. TP expression was also evaluated in both cancer cells and stromal monocytic cells (SMCs). We then investigated the correlation between MVD and TP expression in both cancer cells and SMCs.Results
On the basis of the above parameters, MVD was significantly higher in cancerous lesions than in normal squamous epithelium. In terms of CD34 and CD105 expression, MVD showed a gradual increase from normal squamous epithelium, to low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia, and then to M1 and M2 cancer, and M3 or deeper cancer. M1 and M2 cancer showed overexpression of TP in both cancer cells and SMCs. There was no significant correlation between TP expression in cancer cells and MVD estimated from CD34 (rS = 0.16, P = 0.21) or CD105 (rS = 0.05, P = 0.68) expression. Significant correlations were found between TP expression in SMCs and CD34-related (rS = 0.46, P < 0.001) and CD105-related (rS = 0.34, P < 0.01) MVD. In M3 or deeper cancers, there were no significant correlations between TP expression in cancer cells or SMCs and venous invasion, lymphatic invasion, and lymph node metastasis.Conclusion
TP expression is activated in both cancer cells and stromal monocytic cells at the very early stage of ESCC progression. TP expression in SMCs, rather than in cancer cells, is significantly correlated with angiogenesis.76.
Impact of reflux esophagitis on the esophageal function before and after laparoscopic fundoplication
Masato Hoshino Nobuo Omura Fumiaki Yano Kazuto Tsuboi Se Ryung Yamamoto Shunsuke Akimoto Takahiro Masuda Hideyuki Kashiwagi Katsuhiko Yanaga 《Esophagus》2018,15(4):224-230
Background
High-resolution manometry (HRM), which is breakthrough testing equipment to evaluate esophageal motor function, was developed in Europe and United State and has garnered attention. Moreover, multichannel intraluminal impedance pH (MII-pH) testing has allowed us to grasp all liquid/gas reflux including not only acid but also non-acid reflux. We examined the impact of the presence of reflux esophagitis (RE) on esophageal motor function before and after laparoscopic fundoplication.Materials and methods
The subjects included 100 patients (male: 63 patients, mean age: 54.1?±?15.8) among 145 patients who underwent laparoscopic fundoplication for GERD associated diseases during a 4-year period from October 2012 to September 2016, excluding 6 patients who underwent further surgery, 32 patients on whom HRM was not performed, 3 patients who had technical errors during testing, and 4 patients for whom the status of RE was unknown. Regarding HRM, Mano Scan from Given Imaging Ltd. was used, and for the analysis, Mano View version 3.0 from the same company was used, after which data was calculated based on the Chicago Classification advocated by Pandolfino et al. Moreover, for the MII-pH testing, Sleuth manufactured by Sandhill Scientific. Inc. was used and automatic analysis was conducted by a computer. Postoperative assessments were conducted 3 months following surgery for all. Data was described in the median value and inter-quartile range, with a statistically significant difference defined as p?<?0.05 by Chi square, Mann–Whitney, and Wilcoxon tests.Results
RE+?group (Los Angeles classification A:B:C:D?=?7:9:16:12 patients) included 44 patients (44%), of older age compared to the RE? group (62 vs. 50 years, p?=?0.012) and a higher Body Mass Index value (24.0 vs. 22.5, p?=?0.045); however, no differences were observed in terms of gender and duration of symptoms. In the preoperative findings on MII-pH, the RE+?group demonstrated significantly longer acid reflux time (4.7 vs. 1.3%, p?=?0.005), while in the HRM findings, the RE? group demonstrated a significantly longer abdominal esophagus (0 vs. 0.4 cm, p?=?0.049) and maintained esophageal body motor function (DCI: 1054 vs. 1407 mmHg s cm, p?=?0.021, Intact peristalsis ratio: 90 vs. 100%, p?=?0.037). As to the comparison of the treatment effect before and after laparoscopic fundoplication (Toupet fundoplication for all), significant improvements were observed in both groups in various parameters regarding reflux including acid reflux time, total number of liquid reflux episodes and total number of reflux episodes. Moreover, for both groups, the total length of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES) (RE+?group: 2.7 vs. 3.2 cm, p?=?0.001, RE? group: 3.0 vs. 3.4 cm, p?=?0.003) and the total length of the abdominal esophagus (RE+?group: 0 vs. 1.6 cm, p?<?0.001, RE? group: 0 vs. 1.8 cm, p?=?0.001) were significantly extended following surgery; however, no change was observed in DCI before and after surgery.Conclusions
Regardless of the presence of RE, cardiac function and LES function were improved following laparoscopic Toupet fundoplication, but no changes were observed in esophageal body motor function.77.
Autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) is a particular type of pancreatitis of presumed autoimmune etiology. Currently, AIP should be diagnosed based on combination of clinical, serological, morphological, and histopathological features. When diagnosing AIP, it is most important to differentiate it from pancreatic cancer. Diagnostic criteria for AIP, proposed by the Japan Pancreas Society in 2002 first in the world, were revised in 2006. The criteria are based on the minimum consensus of AIP and aim to avoid misdiagnosing pancreatic cancer as far as possible, but not for screening AIR The criteria consist of the following radiological, serological, and histopathological items: (1) radiological imaging showing narrowing of the main pancreatic duct and enlargement of the pancreas, which are characteristic of the disease; (2) laboratory data showing abnormally elevated levels of serum y-globulin, IgG or IgG4, or the presence of autoantibodies; (3) histopathological examination of the pancreas demonstrating marked fibrosis and prominent infiltration of lymphocytes and plasma cells, which is called lymphoplasmacytic sclerosing pancreatitis (LPSP). For a diagnosis of AIP, criterion 1 must be present, together with criterion 2 and/ or criterion 3. However, it is necessary to exclude malignant diseases such as pancreatic or biliary cancer. 相似文献
78.
Shuichi Miyakawa Shin Ishihara Tadahiro Takada Masaru Miyazaki Kazuhiro Tsukada Masato Nagino Satoshi Kondo Junji Furuse Hiroya Saito Toshio Tsuyuguchi Fumio Kimura Hideyuki Yoshitomi Satoshi Nozawa Masahiro Yoshida Keita Wada Hodaka Amano Fumihiko Miura 《Journal of hepato-biliary-pancreatic sciences》2008,15(1):7-14
No strategies for the diagnosis and treatment of biliary tract carcinoma have been clearly described. We developed flowcharts for the diagnosis and treatment of biliary tract carcinoma on the basis of the best clinical evidence. Risk factors for bile duct carcinoma are a dilated type of pancreaticobiliary maljunction (PBM) and primary sclerosing cholangitis. A nondilated type of PBM is a risk factor for gallbladder carcinoma. Symptoms that may indicate biliary tract carcinoma are jaundice and pain in the upper right area of the abdomen. The first step of diagnosis is to carry out blood biochemistry tests and ultrasonography (US) of the abdomen. The second step of diagnosis is to find the local extension of the carcinoma by means of computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP), percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography (PTC), and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). Because resection is the only way to completely cure biliary tract carcinoma, the indications for resection are determined first. In patients with resectable disease, the indications for biliary drainage or portal vein embolization (PVE) are checked. In those with nonresectable disease, biliary stenting, chemotherapy, radiotherapy, and/or best supportive care is selected. 相似文献
79.
Fumiaki Yano Nobuo Omura Kazuto Tsuboi Hideyuki Kashiwagi Katsuhiko Yanaga 《Esophagus》2006,3(3):121-124
A 55-year-old man on hemodialysis for diabetic nephropathy suffered from vomiting and hematoemesis. He was diagnosed to have
reflux esophagitis with Los Angeles classification grade D, which was accompanied by a shortened esophagus and stricture.
His reflux esophagitis was proton pump inhibitor resistant. Therefore, we performed laparoscopic Toupet fundoplication. Delayed
esophageal perforation occurred on the ninth day postoperatively, for which he had to be reoperated. To our knowledge, there
is no previous report of delayed esophageal perforation after laparoscopic fundoplication. Esophageal perforation might have
been caused by denudation or attenuation of the abdominal esophagus. 相似文献
80.