Valproate and the symptomatic treatment of schizophrenia spectrum patients

Valproate is currently one of the most frequently prescribed drugs in schizophrenia spectrum disorders. However, surprisingly little is known from controlled studies. Also, no review articles are available. Here, we summarize basic and clinical research on valproate and its application for treatment in schizophrenia spectrum disorders. The molecular and physiological effects of valproate are outlined. It is discussed how the effects of valproate on the cellular level involving serotonin, GABA, glutamate, sodium-channels, membrane fluidity and RNA-expression may account for its clinical effect in schizophrenia spectrum patients. The target symptoms are a reduction of psychomotor agitation and aggression, possibly reflecting a drug effect on temporal lobe pathology, which is considered to be involved in the etiology of schizophrenic illness.     

Maspin expression is characteristic for cisplatin-sensitive ovarian cancer cells and for ovarian cancer cases of longer survival rates.

High cytoplasmic expression of maspin was described in ovarian cancers of shorter survival rates. Until now, no relationship has been described between expression of maspin and sensitivity to cisplatin in ovarian cancers. This study aimed at examining the relationship between expression of maspin, detected by immunohistochemistry and clinical response to cisplatin in ovarian cancer cases as well as the in vitro sensitivity to cisplatin of 11 ovarian cancer cell lines. The analyzes were performed on 73 samples of ovarian cancer and on A2780P, A2780RCIS, CAOV-3, EFO 21, EFO 27, ES-2, Mdah 2774, OAW 42, OVCAR-3, PA-1, and SKOV-3 ovarian cancer cells. Cytoplasmic maspin expression in studied cells significantly correlated with cisplatin sensitivity. A significantly shorter overall survival and progression-free survival was associated with lower cytoplasmic maspin expression at first-look laparotomies and nuclear maspin expression and secondary cytoreductions. Higher nuclear maspin at first-look laparotomies expression was specific for cases of complete response. In the study, the elevated expression of maspin was shown to be typical for cisplatin-sensitive ovarian cancers.     

Viral Zoonoses in Small Wild Mammals and Detection of Hantavirus,Spain

We screened 526 wild small mammals for zoonotic viruses in northwest Spain and found hantavirus in common voles (Microtus arvalis) (1.5%) and high prevalence (48%) of orthopoxvirus among western Mediterranean mice (Mus spretus). We also detected arenavirus among small mammals. These findings suggest novel risks for viral transmission in the region.     

Die antiblastische Wirkung der Milz von Walker-Tumor-Ratten

Ohne ZusammenfassungMit 16 Textabbildungen.     

Zur Physiologie der Muskelendplatte und zur Pathogenese

Zusammenfassung An Hand experimenteller Untersuchungen über die Funktion der motorischen Endplatte und unter Verwendung neuerer ausländischer Literatur wird versucht, den Vorgang der Erregungsübertragung vom motorischen Nerven auf die Muskelfaser darzustellen, soweit dieses für die Pathogenese von neurologischen Krankheitsbildern von Interesse erscheint. Störungen der Erregungsübertragung können in einer Erschwerung bzw. Blockade der Übertragung oder in einer wiederholten Erregungsbildung auf Einzelreiz (Eigenrhythmik) bestehen. Für die erste Gruppe sind die Myasthenia gravis und wahrscheinlich die paroxysmale Lähmung Beispiele, für die zweite Gruppe die Myotonie und wahrscheinlich die Tetanusinfektion.Aus der Kenntnis des für die neuromuskuläre Übertragung bedeutungsvollen Acetylcholinstoffwechsels (Bildung und Spaltung durch Cholinesterase) ergeben sich Hinweise für die Therapie. Insbesondere ergeben sich Parallelen zwischen der KCl-Wirkung im Tierexperiment und der therapeutischen Anwendung des KCl bei Erkrankungen im Bereich des Motoneurons.Auf neuere Curarepräparate und ihre Anwendung in der Klinik wird hingewiesen.Herrn Prof.Frey zum 70. Geburtstag gewidmet.     

Zeitschriften

Journal of Molecular Medicine -     

Zeitschriften

Journal of Molecular Medicine -     

Zeitschriften

Ohne Zusammenfassung