Rhinoepithelial, cystic choristoma of the orbit

Over a period of 9 months a 12-year-old girl spontaneously developed a palpable cystic tumor in the upper eye lid which led to an indentation and downward displacement of the globe. The cyst was not joined to the intact orbital wall and it proved possible to remove it from the orbit by blunt dissection. Histopathologic examination revealed an epithelium typical of the upper respiratory tract. The process was clearly distinguishable from a mucocele of the paranasal sinuses.     

Risk factors for hospitalization and surgery in patients with rheumatoid arthritis: implications for capitated medical payment

Risk factors for hospitalization in patients with rheumatoid arthritis were analyzed to determine if factors proposed for use in adjusting Medicare capitation payments to prepaid health plans are, in fact, associated with use of costly medical care for this illness. Participating physicians from a random sample of half the rheumatologists in northern California provided us with the names of all patients with rheumatoid arthritis presenting during a 1-month period. We surveyed 754 (89%) of these patients in both 1982-83 and 1984 to obtain information about health care use in the previous 12 months. We found that baseline functional status and prior-year admissions (proposed Medicare adjustment factors), as well as disease-specific severity measures, predicted subsequent admissions. The association of prior with subsequent admissions was independent of disease severity and physician characteristics. Adjusting capitation payments for both health status and prior use will increase incentives for prepaid health plans to enroll patients with rheumatoid arthritis who have high expected medical costs.     

Management of zygomatic complex fracture in armed forces

Introduction: The Armed Forces personnel are exposed to various kinds of injuries due to the nature of their duties. Increase in motorized population without taking protective measures and rise in violence has contributed towards maxillofacial injuries. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence, aetiology and management of injuries resulting in fracture of the Zygomatic complex in Armed Forces personnel and their families.     

Enkephalin-dopamine interactions in the central amygdalar nucleus during gastric stress ulcer formation in rats

Intra-amygdalar (i/am) microinjections of the enkephalin analog, (D-Ala2)-Met-enkephalinamide (DAME, 3, 10 and 30 micrograms) into the central amygdalar nucleus (CEA) produced a dose-related, naltrexone-reversible attenuation of cold restraint (3 h at 4 degrees C)-induced gastric mucosal lesions in rats. Similarly, gastric stress ulcer formation was also inhibited by i/am dopamine (DA, 10 micrograms) - an effect which was reversed by the DA-antagonist, clozapine (5 mg/kg) pretreatment. Further, pretreatment of rats with clozapine or the DA-neurotoxin, 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA, 10 micrograms, i/am) clearly reversed and/or antagonized the gastric cytoprotective effect of DAMEA (30 micrograms). The results indicate interactions between enkephalinergic and DAergic systems at the level of the CEA in the maintenance of gastric mucosal integrity during immobilization stress.     

A "concerted" approach to health care financing in the Federal Republic of Germany.

An overview is given on how the German health care system is financed, on the 'concerted action approach to health care' and on the long-term perspectives of the statutory sickness fund system as the very heart of the financing system. In all three parts the effects of different ways of financing on the allocation of health care resources and their distributional effects are dealt with. As the concerted action appears as a 'third way' between a pro-competition strategy and a governmental approach to health care and differs from the way other countries organize the allocation of health care resources it is given special emphasis.     

The epidemiology of sarcoidosis in Rochester, Minnesota: a population-based study of incidence and survival

Using the unique data resources of the Rochester Epidemiology Project, a community-based study of clinically diagnosed sarcoidosis was conducted. In this population-based study, the 75 Rochester, Minnesota, residents with sarcoidosis initially diagnosed between 1946 and 1975 (incidence cohort) were followed through their comprehensive medical records in the community to January 1, 1982. The age- and sex-adjusted incidence of sarcoidosis was 6.1 per 100,000 person-years. The age-adjusted incidence of sarcoidosis was similar in males (5.9) and females (6.3), with a peak incidence in males 30 to 39 years old (18.7) and in females 40 to 49 years old (15.6). A secular increase in sarcoidosis incidence was noted in the period 1946-1975 for females, with a marked increase in the number and percentage of biopsy-documented cases. Seasonal variation in sarcoidosis incidence was minimal, with a seasonal peak of 31% of the Rochester cases being diagnosed during the spring (March-May). Survival, compared with that of the North Central United States, was unimpaired in this sarcoidosis incidence cohort.     

Wege zu einer integrierten Gesundheitsversorgung in Deutschland am Beispiel kardiologischer Patienten

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

激光小角光散射仪测定右旋糖酐分子量

激光小角光散射仪(LALLS)由于采用了激光光源,具有光强度高、单色性强、准直性好等特点,可以在微量样品池及很低浓度的溶液中进行小角度(3°～7°)散射光强的测量,溶质的瑞利系数与其分子量有如下关系: