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951.
Despoina Giannopoulou Maria G. Grammatikopoulou Dimitrios Poulimeneas Maria Maraki Leonidas Dimitrakopoulos Maria Tsigga 《Journal of immigrant and minority health / Center for Minority Public Health》2017,19(2):333-340
Previous studies have shown that the diets of migrant populations are of poor quality; however, studies on populations remaining in one geographical region as a minority after an acute population movement are scarce. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to assess dietary intake and growth of Greek minority adolescents in Turkey. Anthropometric measurements and dietary assessment were performed in 103 Greek Orthodox students (aged 10–19 years old) of three minority schools in Istanbul. Prevalence of overweight and obesity according to the WHO growth charts was 39.8 %. Accordingly, 40 % of the sample exhibited excess body fat. Dietary intakes of protein, carbohydrate, fiber, vitamins E and D, folic acid and calcium were inadequate, while energy, total fat and iron intakes were considered adequate. Our results indicate that Greek minority adolescents living in Turkey have similar weight status compared to their counterparts in Greece, but greater body fat than Turkish coevals, while being at risk of several nutrient inadequacies. 相似文献
952.
Margaret Giorgio Loraine Townsend Yanga Zembe Mireille Cheyip Sally Guttmacher Farzana Kapadia Cathy Mathews 《Journal of immigrant and minority health / Center for Minority Public Health》2017,19(4):883-890
Female cross-border migrants experience elevated risks for HIV, and migrants in South Africa may face additional risks due to the country’s underlying HIV prevalence. These risks may be mitigated by the receipt of social support. A behavioral risk-factor survey was administered using respondent-driven sampling. Multivariable regression models assessed the relationships between social support and two HIV outcomes: HIV serostatus and perceived HIV status. Low social support was not significantly associated with HIV status (aOR?=?1.03, 95?% CI 0.43–2.46), but was significantly related to a perception of being HIV positive (aPR?=?1.36, 95?% CI 1.04–1.78). Age, marital status, and education level were significantly associated with HIV serostatus. Illegal border-crossing, length of time in South Africa, anal sex, and transactional sex were significantly associated with aperception of being HIV positive. Future research should investigate how HIV risks and the receipt of social support change throughout the migration process. 相似文献
953.
This review article presents and summarizes up-to-date literature on the clinical manifestations, diagnosis, pathophysiological mechanisms, and treatment options for fibromyalgia patients. First, the most recent diagnostic criteria for fibromyalgia, as put forth by the American College of Rheumatology will be summarized. Clinical features, including chronic widespread pain, hyperalgesia, mood disorders, anxiety, and disturbed sleep patterns will be explored in-depth. The pathogenesis and pathophysiology of fibromyalgia involves alterations in multiple ascending and descending central nervous system pathways, as well as peripheral pathways, leading to heightened pain sensitivity. Risk factors have been studied extensively, and the most recent research focuses on various genetic influences and the contributions of stress and poor sleep. Lastly, the discussion in this article focuses on treatment options for fibromyalgia; some have been mainstay options for many years. Pharmacological agents include tricyclic antidepressants, anti-epileptic drugs, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, norepinephrine/serotonin reuptake inhibitors, as well as some investigational agents. The evidence behind non-pharmacologic treatments, including massage therapy, exercise, and acupuncture, are discussed. 相似文献
954.
955.
S. Alex Marshall Kyle H. McKnight Allyson K. Blose Donald T. Lysle Todd E. Thiele 《Journal of neuroimmune pharmacology》2017,12(2):249-259
Excessive ethanol consumption alters the neuroimmune system and particularly impacts the cytokine milieu of the CNS. Cytokine dysregulation has been shown to underlie addictive-like behaviors including alcohol abuse; however, many studies focus primarily on the proinflammatory cytokine profile during alcohol dependence. The current study furthers this research by determining the impact of excessive ethanol consumption on interleukin-10 (IL-10) and interleukin-4 (IL-4) activity in a model of non-dependent binge consumption called the “drinking in the dark” (DID) paradigm. Furthermore, the ability of IL-10 to modulate ethanol consumption was tested using site-directed pharmacology. Immunohistochemistry analyses determined that ethanol decreased IL-10 by 50 % in the basolateral amygdala (BLA) but had no effect on IL-4. Neither IL-10 nor IL-4, however, were altered in the central amygdala (CEA). Enzyme linked immunosorbent assays confirmed that IL-10 was decreased in the amygdala but not in the serum, suggesting changes of this cytokine with the DID paradigm are restricted to the central nervous system. Finally, bilateral infusions of IL-10 into the BLA, but not CeA, reduced binge-like drinking and corresponding blood ethanol concentrations without impacting either locomotor activity or anxiety-like behavioral correlates. Together, these data support the idea that alcohol abuse dysregulates specific anti-inflammatory cytokines; however, ameliorating alcohol-induced effects on cytokines, like IL-10, may prove to be an effective therapy in curbing excessive consumption. 相似文献
956.
Kenichi Satoh Mami Chikuda Ayako Ohashi Miho Kumagai Akiyoshi Kuji Shigeharu Joh 《Journal of clinical monitoring and computing》2016,30(4):423-428
Measurement of end-tidal carbon dioxide (PETCO2) is useful because of its noninvasiveness, continuity, and response time when sudden changes in ventilation occur during inhalation sedation. We compared the accuracy of PETCO2 using a nasal mask and nasal cannula with the accuracy of transcutaneous carbon dioxide (TC-CO2) and determined which method is more useful during inhalation sedation in volunteers. We used a modified nasal mask (MNM) and modified nasal cannula (MNC) for measurement of PETCO2. The capnometer measured PETCO2 in the gas expired from the nasal cavity by means of two devices. The volunteers received supplemental O2 by means of each device at a flow rate of 6 L/min. After the volunteers lay quietly for 5 min with a supply of 100 % O2, they received supplemental N2O by means of each device at concentrations of 10, 20, and 25 % for 5 min and 30 % for 25 min. The correlation coefficient was poorer in the MNM than in the MNC, and the mean difference between TC-CO2 and PETCO2 in the MNM was greater than that in the MNC. The difference between the TC-CO2 and PETCO2 ranged from 3 to 6 mmHg in the MNM and from 2 to 5 mmHg in the MNC. The difference between two variables against the TC-CO2 and the CO2 waveforms obtained by means of the two devices were within the clinically acceptable range. Our two devices can provide continuous monitoring of PETCO2 with a supply of N2O/O2 in patients undergoing inhalation sedation. 相似文献
957.
958.
Jantine Posthuma De Boer Pim W. van Egmond Marco N. Helder Renée X. de Menezes Anne-Marie Cleton-Jansen Jeroen A.M. Beli?n Henk M. W. Verheul Barend J. van Royen Gert-Jan J.L. Kaspers Victor W. van Beusechem 《Oncotarget》2012,3(10):1169-1181
Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most common primary malignant bone tumour in children and adolescents. Despite aggressive therapy, survival outcomes remain unsatisfactory, especially for patients with metastatic disease or patients with a poor chemotherapy response. Chemoresistance contributes to treatment failure. To increase the efficacy of conventional chemotherapy, essential survival pathways should be targeted concomitantly. Here, we performed a loss-of-function siRNA screen of the human kinome in SaOS-2 cells to identify critical survival kinases after doxorubicin treatment. Gene silencing of JNK-interacting-protein-1 (JIP1) elicited the most potent sensitisation to doxorubicin. This candidate was further explored as potential target for chemosensitisation in OS. A panel of OS cell lines and human primary osteoblasts was examined for sensitisation to doxorubicin using small molecule JIP1-inhibitor BI-78D3. JIP1 expression and JIP1-inhibitor effects on JNK-signalling were investigated by Western blot analysis. JIP1 expression in human OS tumours was assessed by immunohistochemistry on tissue micro arrays. BI-78D3 blocked JNK-signalling and sensitised three out of four tested OS cell lines, but not healthy osteoblasts, to treatment with doxorubicin. Combination treatment increased the induction of apoptosis. JIP1 was found to be expressed in two-thirds of human primary OS tissue samples. Patients with JIP1 positive tumours showed a trend to inferior overall survival. Collectively, JIP1 appears a clinically relevant novel target in OS to enhance the efficacy of doxorubicin treatment by means of RNA interference or pharmacological inhibition. 相似文献
959.
An assessment of the construct validity of the CHU9D in the Australian adolescent general population
Julie Ratcliffe Katherine Stevens Terry Flynn John Brazier Michael Sawyer 《Quality of life research》2012,21(4):717-725
Purpose
To assess the construct validity of the CHU9D in an adolescent general population sample. The CHU9D is a new generic preference-based measure of health-related quality of life developed specifically for application in the economic evaluation of health care treatments and interventions for young people. 相似文献960.