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排序方式: 共有476条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
31.
Endocarditis is a recognised complication ofhemodialysis. This is generally only thought of in terms of infective vegetations. We present a case of right-sided NBTE in a patient with an indwelling venous catheter who also had advanced pelvic malignancy. The unusual side of this patient's endocarditic lesions implicates a role for the venous catheter in determining the site of non-bacterial thrombus formation. It is also a reminder that endocarditis is always a risk when using central venous catheters, even after appropriate sterile precautions have been taken. 相似文献
32.
Gardiner SM Chhabra SR Harty C Williams P Pritchard DI Bycroft BW Bennett T 《British journal of pharmacology》2001,133(7):1047-1054
N-acylhomoserine lactones (AHLs) are small, diffusible signalling molecules, employed by Gram-negative bacteria to coordinate gene expression with cell population density. Recent in vitro findings indicate that AHLs may function as virulence determinants per se, through modification of cytokine production by eukaryotic cells, and by stimulating the relaxation of blood vessels. In the present study, we assessed the influence of AHLs on cardiovascular function in conscious rats, and draw attention to the ability of the N-(3-oxododecanoyl)-L-homoserine lactone (3-oxo-C12-HSL), a signal molecule produced by P. aeruginosa, to cause marked bradycardia. This bradycardic effect was blocked by atropine and atenolol, and did not occur in vitro. Furthermore, modification of the acyl side chain length resulted in the loss of activity, whereas removal of the homoserine lactone ring, did not. The bradycardic effect of 3-oxo-C12-HSL was also observed in endotoxaemic animals, albeit attenuated. In normal rats, 3-oxo-C12-HSL caused initial mesenteric and hindquarters vasoconstriction, but only slight, and delayed signs of vasodilatation in the renal and mesenteric vascular beds. Furthermore, administration of 3-oxo-C12-HSL (pre-treatment or 2 h post-treatment) together with LPS, did not modify the established regional haemodynamic effects of the LPS, 6 h after the onset of its infusion. Our observations do not provide any clear evidence for an ability of 3-oxo-C12-HSL to modify the haemodynamic responses to LPS infusion. However, they are not inconsistent with the hypothesis that some of the cardiovascular sequelae of bacterial infection may be modulated by an influence of bacterial quorum sensing signalling molecules on the host. 相似文献
33.
K L Kooistra M Rodriguez G Powis T L Yaksh G J Harty J F Hilton E R Laws 《Cancer research》1986,46(1):317-323
Two models for meningeal neoplasia have been developed in rats using intrathecal injection of 9L gliosarcoma and Walker 256 carcinosarcoma cells. Tumor cells were injected in unanesthetized animals through an indwelling catheter inserted at the cisterna magna to the level of the lumbar enlargement of the spinal cord. Survival of rats was dependent on the number of tumor cells injected. Spread of tumor was quantified by histology using a grading scale, and functional and behavioral changes were measured. Rats injected with 10(6) 9L gliosarcoma cells showed progressive weight loss, flaccid paralysis, and neurogenic bladder dysfunction and had a median survival of 11 days. The tumor frequently grew as a mass compressing the spinal cord. The 9L gliosarcoma tumor cells markedly invaded the Virchow-Robin spaces but exhibited only minimal invasion of the central nervous system parenchyma. The tumor reached the brain by day 10. Rats injected with 2 X 10(5) Walker 256 carcinosarcoma cells showed progressive weight loss and weakness and had a median survival of 6 days. The tumor grew within the leptomeninges in a discontinuous multifocal fashion and reached the brain by day 4. There was extensive invasion of the central nervous system parenchyma by Walker 256 tumor cells along the Virchow-Robin spaces resulting in hemorrhage and necrosis of grey and white matter. Hot plate and tail flick response times were significantly delayed only in the days immediately preceding death of animals with either 9L or Walker 256 tumor and were not good indicators of tumor progression. Loss of motor coordination and failure of the stepping and placing reflex on the other hand showed good correlation with spread of tumor measured histologically. Control animals injected with 0.9% NaCl or with lethally irradiated tumor cells showed no significant weight loss or functional or behavioral changes. The intrathecal 9L gliosarcoma and Walker 256 carcinosarcoma models show different characteristics of human meningeal carcinomatosis and will be used for studies of experimental chemotherapy with intrathecally administered antitumor drugs. 相似文献
34.
35.
Differential effects of dopamine agonists on acoustically and electrically elicited startle responses: comparison to effects of strychnine 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
This study sought to determine where drugs that are known to alter sensorimotor reactivity measured with the acoustic startle reflex ultimately act within the acoustic startle pathway. To do this, startle was elicited either acoustically or electrically within various nuclei believed to comprise the acoustic startle pathway. Direct infusion of serotonin into the subarachnoid space of the lumbar spinal cord increased acoustic startle and startle elicited electrically through the ventral cochlear nucleus (VCN) to a comparable degree. Subconvulsant doses of strychnine increased startle elicited acoustically or electrically through either the VCN or the nucleus reticularis pontis caudalis (RPC), pointing to a spinal locus of action of strychnine after systemic administration. In marked contrast, the dopamine agonists d-amphetamine and apomorphine consistently increased acoustic startle but actually depressed startle elicited electrically through the VCN or the RPC. These later results suggest that dopamine agonists increase sensorimotor reactivity measured with acoustic startle by acting on sensory rather than motor parts of the reflex arc. 相似文献
36.
Nurse administrators were faced with how to staff for a rapid expansion in number of beds in the face of a 15% nurse vacancy rate. The authors discuss how they addressed this issue through their multifaceted strategic plan. 相似文献
37.
Mark Estacion PhD T. Patrick Harty PhD Jin‐Sung Choi PhD Lynda Tyrrell MA Sulayman D. Dib‐Hajj PhD Stephen G. Waxman MD PhD 《Annals of neurology》2009,66(6):862-866
Sodium channel NaV1.7, encoded by the SCN9A gene, is preferentially expressed in nociceptive primary sensory neurons, where it amplifies small depolarizations. In studies on a family with inherited erythromelalgia associated with NaV1.7 gain‐of‐function mutation A863P, we identified a nonsynonymous single‐nucleotide polymorphism within SCN9A in the affected proband and several unaffected family members; this polymorphism (c. 3448C&T, Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms database rs6746030, which produces the amino acid substitution R1150W in human NaV1.7 [hNaV1.7]) is present in 1.1 to 12.7% of control chromosomes, depending on ethnicity. In this study, we examined the effect of the R1150W substitution on function of the hNaV1.7 channel, and on the firing of dorsal root ganglion (DRG) neurons in which this channel is normally expressed. We show that this polymorphism depolarizes activation (7.9–11mV in different assays). Current‐clamp analysis shows that the 1150W allele depolarizes (6mV) resting membrane potential and increases (~2‐fold) the firing frequency in response to depolarization in DRG neurons in which it is present. Our results suggest that polymorphisms in the NaV1.7 channel may influence susceptibility to pain. Ann Neurol 2009;66:862–866 相似文献
38.
Adolescents with Childhood ADHD and Comorbid Disruptive Behavior Disorders: Aggression, Anger, and Hostility 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This study examined the self-reported expression of overt aggressive behaviors and covert emotional and cognitive processes
in adolescents diagnosed with ADHD and comorbid disruptive behavior disorders (DBDs) during childhood. Methods: Participants were a clinically referred sample of 85 individuals diagnosed with ADHD, initially recruited in the early to
mid 1990s when they were 7–11 years of age. At that time, 44 (52%) met criteria for a comorbid diagnosis of ODD and an additional
22 (26%) met criteria for a comorbid diagnosis of CD. Approximately 10 years later, these youth, along with an age-matched comparison sample (n = 83), were re-evaluated to assess a wide array of outcomes including physical and verbal aggression, anger, and hostility.
Results: Individuals diagnosed with ADHD + CD in childhood reported elevated levels of physical aggression when compared to Controls
and the ADHD-only group. Individuals diagnosed with ADHD + ODD had elevated levels of verbal aggression compared to Controls.
Additionally, both comorbid groups experienced significantly greater amounts of anger, but not hostility, as compared to Controls.
Importantly, the persistence of ADHD symptoms into adolescence accounted for most group differences in verbal aggression and
anger at follow-up, but not physical aggression, which was accounted for by childhood CD. Conclusion: Adolescents diagnosed with ADHD and comorbid disruptive behavior disorders during childhood report high levels of aggression
associated with increased emotionality in the form of anger, but not hostile cognitions. These findings suggest that in addition
to inattention and hyperactivity/impulsivity, emotional dysregulation may be an important component of ADHD, particularly
as it presents in adolescence. 相似文献
39.
Enikő Tátrai István HartyánszkyJr. András Lászik György Acsády Péter Sótonyi Márta Hubay 《Pathology oncology research : POR》2011,17(2):229-235
Enteroviruses (EVs) are the most frequent pathogens in myocarditis and in the subsequently developing dilated cardiomyopathy
as well. Furthermore, persistence of other viruses might play a pathogenic role in the evolution from myocarditis to dilated
cardiomyopathy. Explanted heart of 28 patients, who underwent heart transplantation were screened for EV, AdV3 and HHV6 sequences
in order to assess the incidence of cardiac viral infection that may be implicated in the pathogenesis of cardiomyopathy,
and estimate viral distribution in the myocardium. Viral sequences were extracted from five different regions of the hearts.
Nested PCR was used to amplify conservative regions of AdV3, HHV6 and EVs. Histological examination was performed on routinely
processed myocardial samples. AdV3 was verified in one fourth of the patients. ADV3 and HHV6 sequences coexisted in one case
with inflammatory cardiomyopathy. Some patients had more than one positive area of their heart. AdV3 positive right ventricular
samples were double in amount compared to the left ones. None of the patients had positive result for EV. This is the first
occasion to identify AdV3 (a mainly respiratory infective virus) sequence in explanted hearts of cardiomyopathy patients.
Though the clinical importance of our results is still unclear, AdV3 could be a new member of the viral group with possible
pathogenic effect on the myocardium. Regional distribution of viral sequence location confirmed that the right ventricular
wall as a biopsy sampling site might be adequate for endomyocardial biopsy pro diagnostic purposes. 相似文献
40.
Nhat-Long L. Pham Lecia L. Pewe Courtney J. Fleenor Ryan A. Langlois Kevin L. Legge Vladimir P. Badovinac John T. Harty 《Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America》2010,107(27):12198-12203
The number of memory CD8 T cells generated by infection or vaccination correlates strongly with the degree of protection observed in infection and tumor models. Therefore, rapid induction of protective numbers of effector and memory CD8 T cells may be crucial in the case of malignancy, pandemic infection, or bioterrorism. Many studies have shown that amplifying T-cell numbers by prime-boost vaccination is most effective with a substantial time interval between immunizations. In contrast, immunization with peptide-coated mature dendritic cells (DCs) results in a CD8 T-cell response exhibiting accelerated acquisition of memory characteristics, including the ability to respond to booster immunization within days of initial priming. However, personalized DC immunization is too costly, labor intensive, and time-consuming for large-scale vaccination. Here, we demonstrate that in vivo cross-priming with cell-associated antigens or antigen-coated, biodegradable microspheres in the absence of adjuvant quickly generates CD8 T cells that display the phenotype and function of long-term memory populations. Importantly, cross-primed CD8 T cells can respond to booster immunization within days of the initial immunization to generate rapidly large numbers of effector and memory T cells that can protect against bacterial, viral, and parasitic infections, including lethal influenza and malaria-causing Plasmodium infection. Thus, accelerated CD8 T-cell memory after in vivo cross-priming in the absence of adjuvant is generalizable and can be exploited to generate protective immunity rapidly. 相似文献