HBV基因组转染对小鼠NIH3T3细胞内基质金属蛋白酶组织抑制因子的转录调控作用

ObjectiveTo understand the mechanism of liver cirrhosis after the infection of hepatitis B virus.MethodsMouse fibroblast NIH3T3 cells were transfected with 3.2 kb HBV DND by exposure of the cells to calcium phosphate.The change of the levels of mRNA for tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1and 2(TIMP1,2) was detected in mouse fibroblast NIH3T3 cells and the cells of transfection with HBV Genome by in situ hybridization.ResultsThe levels of mRNA for TIMP1 and TIMP2 were increased significantly.ConclusionHBV infection can induce the expression of the mRNA for TIMP1 and TIMP2.     

The importance of MHC-I and MHC-II responses in vaccine efficacy against lethal herpes simplex virus type 1 challenge.

To investigate the importance of major histocompatability complex (MHC) class I- and MHC class II-dependent immune responses in herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) vaccine efficacy, groups of beta 2% (MHC I-) and Ab% (MHC II-) mice were inoculated with various vaccines, and then challenged intraperitoneally with HSV-1. Following vaccination with either live avirulent HSV-1, expressed HSV-1 glycoprotein D (gD), or a mixture of seven expressed HSV-1 glycoproteins (7gPs), Ab% (MHC-II-) mice developed no enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) or neutralizing antibody titres. In contrast, significant ELISA and neutralizing antibody titres were induced in beta 2m% (MHC-I-) mice by all three vaccines. The neutralizing antibody titres were similar for all three vaccines, but were only approximately 1/4 to 1/3 of that developed in C57BL/6 (parental) mice vaccinated with the same antigens. All three vaccines protected 100% of the wild-type C57BL/6 mice against lethal challenge with 2 x 10(7) plaque-forming units (PFU) of HSV-1. The live virus vaccine and the 7gPs vaccine also protected 80% of the beta 2m% mice against the same lethal HSV-1 challenge dose. In contrast, in Abo/o mice, none of the vaccines provided significant protection against the same lethal challenge dose of HSV-1. However, at a lower challenge dose of 2 x 10(6) PFU, all three vaccines protected 70-80% of the vaccinated Ab% mice (compared to only 10% survival in mock vaccinated controls). Thus, vaccination provided some protection against lethal HSV-1 challenge in both beta 2m% and Ab% mice; however, the protection was less than that seen in the parental C57BL/6 mice. In addition, Ab% mice were less well protected by vaccination than were beta 2m% mice. Our results suggest that (1) both MHC-I and MHC-II are involved in vaccine efficacy against HSV-1 challenge; (2) both types of responses must be present for maximum vaccine efficacy: and (3) the MHC-II-dependent immune response appeared to be more important than the MHC-I-dependent immune response for vaccine efficacy against HSV-I challenge.     

Association of the CTLA-4 gene with rheumatoid arthritis in Chinese Han population

Cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4) is important for downregulation of T-cell activation, and CTLA-4 gene polymorphisms have been implicated as risk factors for rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Previous studies of the association between the +49 polymorphism of the CTLA-4 gene in RA have provided conflicting results. In order to determine association of the CTLA-4 gene with RA in Chinese Han population, we used denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) to genotype polymorphisms of four SNPs (MH30, +49, CT60 and JO31) of the CTLA-4 gene in 326 RA patients and 250 healthy controls. Furthermore, meta-analysis of all available studies relating +49 polymorphism to the risk of RA was performed to confirm the disease association. Among the SNPs examined, the genotype frequencies of CTLA-4 +49 and CT60 in RA patients differed significantly from controls (P=0.028 and 0.007). In addition, the distribution of four haplotypes constructed by these two SNPs was significantly different between patients and controls (chi(2)=10.58, d.f. =3, P=0.014). The meta-analysis also revealed that in both European and Asian populations, the CLTA-4 +49 G allele was associated with the risk of RA. These results suggested that the CTLA-4 gene might be involved in the susceptibility to RA in the Chinese Han population and both +49 and CT60 of CTLA-4 gene might be the causal variants in RA disease.     

Kinetics of the polymerization of isoprene with isopropoxyneodymium dichloride/triethylaluminium binary lanthanide catalyst system

The kinetics of the polymerization of isoprene with the heterogeneous rare earth catalyst system isopropoxyneodymium dichloride/triethylaluminium (Nd(OPrⁱ)Cl₂-AlEt₃) was examined in a specially designed dilatometer. The rate of polymerization is expressed as R_p ≈ ?d[M]/dt = k[Nd]^1.40 [M]. The main kinetical parameters such as the concentration of active propagating chain, the efficiency of lanthanide catalyst used (ELCU), the absolute rate constant of propagation as well as the average life time of growing chains, were determined at 30°C, 40°C, 45°C and 50°C.     

ABO血型基因分型及应用

目的 :研究ABO血型基因分型的意义。方法 :采用聚合酶链反应 序列特异性引物 (PCR SSP)基因定型方法对ABO血型基因定型并观察其基因多态性分布特征和疑难血型检定。结果 :对已知ABO基因的DNA标本进行基因定型 ,证实文中的ABO基因定型方法可靠 ;对 10 4例健康、无血源关系的汉族个体ABO血型基因定型 ,结果与血清学所定表型完全符合 ;并用ABO基因分型技术解决临床输血前血型鉴定、产前胎儿血型鉴定、亲权试验及血清学亚型的正确性验证。结论 :ABO血型基因分型技术可以正确判定ABO血型疑难样本     

Organ distribution of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) in SARS patients: implications for pathogenesis and virus transmission pathways

We previously identified the major pathological changes in the respiratory and immune systems of patients who died of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) but gained little information on the organ distribution of SARS-associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV). In the present study, we used a murine monoclonal antibody specific for SARS-CoV nucleoprotein, and probes specific for a SARS-CoV RNA polymerase gene fragment, for immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridization, respectively, to detect SARS-CoV systematically in tissues from patients who died of SARS. SARS-CoV was found in lung, trachea/bronchus, stomach, small intestine, distal convoluted renal tubule, sweat gland, parathyroid, pituitary, pancreas, adrenal gland, liver and cerebrum, but was not detected in oesophagus, spleen, lymph node, bone marrow, heart, aorta, cerebellum, thyroid, testis, ovary, uterus or muscle. These results suggest that, in addition to the respiratory system, the gastrointestinal tract and other organs with detectable SARS-CoV may also be targets of SARS-CoV infection. The pathological changes in these organs may be caused directly by the cytopathic effect mediated by local replication of the SARS-CoV; or indirectly as a result of systemic responses to respiratory failure or the harmful immune response induced by viral infection. In addition to viral spread through a respiratory route, SARS-CoV in the intestinal tract, kidney and sweat glands may be excreted via faeces, urine and sweat, thereby leading to virus transmission. This study provides important information for understanding the pathogenesis of SARS-CoV infection and sheds light on possible virus transmission pathways. This data will be useful for designing new strategies for prevention and treatment of SARS.     

损毁单侧黑质-纹状体通路的大鼠SVZ、纹状体和黑质神经前体细胞的变化

研究成年大鼠脑室下区 (SVZ)神经前体细胞 (neural precursors)在黑质 -纹状体通路损伤后的反应 ,本研究用 6-羟多巴胺单侧纹状体注射以损毁黑质 -纹状体通路 ,损毁 10 d后腹腔注射 Brd U ,连续 4d,每日两次 ;在 SVZ、纹状体和黑质部位用免疫组化方法检测 Brd U、nestin以及 GFAP阳性细胞。结果显示 :(1) 6-羟多巴胺损毁黑质 -纹状体通路后 ,伤侧 SVZ的 Brd U阳性细胞数明显增多 ,并成簇分布 ;nestin和 GFAP阳性细胞数也增多 ,但以 GF AP阳性细胞增多明显 ;(2 )伤侧纹状体可见大量 Br-d U、GFAP以及少量 nestin阳性细胞分布 ,而健侧只有少量 GFAP阳性细胞 ;(3 )伤侧可见 Brd U阳性细胞在 SVZ和纹状体之间呈条带样分布 ;(4 )伤侧黑质除酪氨酸羟化酶阳性神经元减少外 ,未见 Brd U、GFAP和 nestin阳性细胞表达。上述结果表明 ,6-羟多巴胺损毁黑质 -纹状体通路后 ,SVZ神经前体细胞活动增强 ,有向纹状体迁移的趋势。     

Pigeon allergens in indoor environments: a preliminary study

BACKGROUND: Few studies have measured pigeon allergens in non pigeon coop environments. This study was conducted to determine approximate pigeon dropping allergen concentrations in indoor environments. METHODS: Polyclonal antibody serum was prepared by injecting a rabbit three times with crude wild pigeon dropping extract in 50 mM Tris buffer with Freund's adjuvant. One hundred and fifteen dust samples were collected in a pigeon-infested school, pigeon coops, homes and hospitals and analyzed by a direct competitive pigeon enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS: The highest level of pigeon allergen inhibitory activity were recorded in four samples from pigeon coop bedding samples with a median activity of 11.2% relative to pigeon droppings. The second highest level of pigeon allergens was in a pigeon-infested high school with a median or 7.4% activity relative to pigeon droppings. At an entrance underneath pigeon roosts, one sample had a relative inhibitory activity of 62.3%. Pigeon allergen inhibitory levels were generally low in the home and hospital samples, but nevertheless 46 out of 89 of these samples were still above detection limit. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggests that large concentrations of pigeon allergens can be found in buildings without domestic pigeons such as the pigeon-infested high school.     

TCRVβ7.1基因修饰T细胞对乳腺癌细胞杀伤作用的研究

目的：观察TCPVβ7．1基因转染前后正常人外周血淋巴细胞对乳腺癌细胞株杀伤活性的影响。方法：脂质体包裹PdWA3.1vβ7.1后转染健康人PBMC，流式细胞仪检测PdWA3.1Vβ7.1基因表达，改良MIT法检测TCRVβ7．1基因转染前后正常人外周血淋巴细胞对乳腺癌细胞株杀伤活性。结果：TCRVβ7．1基因转染可显著增加正常人PBMC该基因表达，转染前后正常人外周血淋巴细胞对乳腺癌细胞株杀伤活性有显著性差异。结论：用TCR基因修饰可明显提高正常人PBMC对乳腺癌细胞杀伤作用。     

一种平板流动腔重力灌流系统的力学分析

本文分析了一种采用重力灌流的平板流动腔灌流系统，并根据实验结果确定出相应的阻力系数，获得平板流动腔剪应力、雷诺数以及入口长度与流体重力灌流高度的关系。