抗菌药物相关性癫发作临床特点回顾性分析

摘要目的回顾性分析抗菌药物相关性癫发作临床特点。方法检索维普、万方、中国知网数据库中报道的抗菌药物相关性癫发作病例,对其临床特点分析统计。结果共检索到238例患者,其中喹诺酮类130例,β 内酰胺类80例,大环内酯类和硝咪唑类各8例,氨基苷类7例,克林霉素类5例;静脉滴注给药者195例,口服给药者43例;大发作者197例,小发作者12例,肌阵挛者13例,部分性发作者16例;用药后2～4 d癫发作者157例;癫发作持续10～30 min者162例;经停药和抗癫治疗得以控制者210例。结论喹诺酮及β 内酰胺类抗菌药物最易诱发癫,有中枢神经系统疾病患者不应使用,有肾功能不全患者应减量使用。静脉滴注较口服给药更易诱发癫,应尽量口服给药。抗菌药物相关性癫以大发作为主要形式;癫发作高峰期为用药后2～4 d;多数癫能通过停药和抗癫治疗在10～30 min得到控制。     

Synthesis of water-soluble polymeric esters of the antibiotic cefuroxime

Water-soluble polymeric esters of the antibiotic cefuroxime were synthesized for the first time by the carbodiimide method using low-molecular-weight poly-(N-2-hydroxypropyl)methacrylamide as a carrier. The synthesized compounds contain 16.6 and 19.5 wt% antibiotic, exhibit antibacterial activity with respect to S. aureus, and are subject to hydrolysis in physiological solution at 37°C (45.4 and 53.2% for 24 and 30 h, respectively).     

Development of extraction techniques and standardization methods for a common lady’s mantle (Alchemilla Vulgaris) extract

A rational technique for preparing an extract of common lady’s mantle (Alchemilla vulgaris) by multistage countercurrent extraction is described, along with a method for standardizing the extract in relation to flavonoids.