重组耻垢分枝杆菌-Sj26GST疫苗的免疫保护作用研究

目的初步研究重组耻垢分枝杆菌疫苗rMc-Sj26GST(recombinant M.smegmatis mc2155-Sj26GST)对小鼠的免疫保护作用.方法用耻垢分枝杆菌重组疫苗rMc-Sj26GST免疫雄性BALB/c小鼠,检测小鼠淋巴细胞刺激指数(SI),腹腔巨噬细胞培养上清释放NO量,小鼠血清IFN-γ、IL-2的含量,并计数小鼠肝、肺活细菌数.结果小鼠脾淋巴细胞刺激指数(SI)为2.64±1.37,与Mc组(载体组)1.28±0.41相比,差异具有显著性;小鼠血清IFN-γ为196.43 pg*ml-1,与Mc组112.57 pg*ml-1相比,差异有显著性,较对照组高41%;小鼠血清中IL-2的浓度较对照组高.经rMc-Sj26GST疫苗免疫的小鼠受结核杆菌攻击后其肺、肝脏结核杆菌数较对照组少.结论耻垢分枝杆菌重组疫苗rMc-Sj26GST增强了小鼠细胞免疫功能,并使小鼠能抵抗结核杆菌的攻击.     

霍奇金淋巴瘤组织中H／RS细胞与其背景细胞的微切割及其IgH基因重排检测

目的 从基因水平探讨霍奇金淋巴瘤(HL)组织中H／RS细胞(Hodgkin and Reed-Sternberg cells)是否起源于B细胞、H／RS细胞的克隆性以及与背景淋巴细胞的相互关系。方法 对33例经典霍奇金淋巴瘤(cHL)石蜡刮片组织进行IgH基因重排分析，并对其中6例重排阳性的病例经B细胞特异性激活蛋白(BSAP)免疫标记，将标记阳性的H／RS细胞和背景淋巴细胞进行微切割后进一步行IgH基因重排分析。结果 16例石蜡刮片组织IgH基因重排阳性。对6例经BSAP标记的cHL成功进行了微切割，其中19管H／RS细胞中，有14管出现重排阳性，细胞数目不同的各管阳性率无显著性差异(P=0．290)；12管背景淋巴细胞有2管出现重排阳性，H／RS细胞与背景淋巴细胞的阳性率有显著性差异(P=0．002)。结论 支持H／RS细胞来源于B细胞的理论，认为部分背景淋巴细胞可能具有瘤性增生活性，参与H／RS细胞的前体细胞组成。     

The CLDN5 locus may be involved in the vulnerability to schizophrenia.

The present study was designed to detect three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located on 22q11 that was thought as being of particularly importance for genetic research into schizophrenia. We recruited a total of 176 Chinese family trios of Han descent, consisting of mothers, fathers and affected offspring with schizophrenia for the genetic analysis. The transmission disequilibrium test (TDT) showed that of three SNPs, rs10314 in the 3'-untranslated region of the CLDN5 locus was associated with schizophrenia (chi(2) = 4.75, P = 0.029). The other two SNPs, rs1548359 present in the CDC45L locus centromeric of rs10314 and rs739371 in the 5'-flanking region of the CLDN5 locus, did not show such an association. The global chi-square (chi(2)) test showed that the 3-SNP haplotype system was not associated with schizophrenia although the 1-df test for individual haplotypes showed that the rs1548359(C)-rs10314(G)-rs739371(C) haplotype was excessively non-transmitted (chi(2) = 5.32, P = 0.02). Because the claudin proteins are a major component for barrier-forming tight junctions that could play a crucial role in response to changing natural, physiological and pathological conditions, the CLDN5 association with schizophrenia may be an important clue leading to look into a meeting point of genetic and environmental factors.     

应用激光显微分离技术在骨肉瘤组织原位筛选噬菌体肽库

目的将激光显微分离(laser capture microdissection, LCM) 技术应用于噬菌体表面呈现肽库的筛选过程,建立一种可以直接在天然组织中筛选肽库的方法。方法将新鲜人骨肉瘤组织块在噬菌体肽库溶液振荡孵育后制成组织冰冻切片,免疫组化染色检测噬菌体在组织中的浸润扩散。改进常规LCM切片处理方法,以冻干法替代酒精/二甲苯法脱水,以期在LCM操作过程中提高切片上噬菌体的存活率。LCM法分离摄取骨肉瘤切片上的肿瘤靶细胞,转染回收这些细胞上特异结合的噬菌体。滴定法检测所筛选的噬菌体对特异性细胞的亲和力。结果利用LCM技术,可以由肿瘤冰冻切片上收集到足够的与特异性噬菌体短肽,应用于噬菌体表面呈现肽库筛选。经过3轮筛选后所获得的噬菌体与人骨肉瘤组织的特异性亲和力提高16倍。结论本研究首次将LCM技术应用于噬菌体表面呈现肽库的筛选,可以使我们直接在新鲜人肿瘤组织中筛选与特定细胞群甚至单个细胞亲合的短肽;同时又避免了天然组织中其他杂质细胞的污染,为研制细胞特异性导向载体提供了一个新的途径。     

经直肠超声引导下经会阴125I粒子永久植入治疗前列腺癌的初步经验

目的探讨经直肠超声引导下经会阴125I粒子永久植入治疗前列腺癌的疗效和并发症。方法本组前列腺癌患者5例。年龄61￣83岁,平均70.4岁。临床分期T2bN0M0者2例,T3aN0M0者3例。Gleason评分6分者2例,7分者1例,8分者2例。术前前列腺特异性抗原(PSA)4.5￣17.5ng/ml。T3a期患者植入治疗前先行内分泌治疗。术前制定治疗计划,经直肠超声引导下经会阴125I粒子永久植入操作。术后观察PSA水平变化,连续3次PSA升高即为生化复发,观察术后尿路和直肠并发症发生情况。结果5例患者均术后恢复顺利。术后随访18个月,PSA均明显下降,PSA为0.1ng/ml者3例,0.01ng/ml者1例,0.04ng/m1者1例。5例患者术后均出现不同程度的尿路刺激症状,但6个月后逐渐好转。4例术后出现排便次数增多,术后3个月均好转。未发现尿失禁、直肠溃疡等并发症。结论经直肠超声引导下经会阴125I粒子永久植入治疗前列腺癌的疗效确切,创伤较小。     

预移植在胚胎移植中的意义

目的 :评价预移植在胚胎移植中的作用。　方法 :在超声波引导下胚胎移植 114个周期 ,其中 10 1个周期进行预移植。比较预移植与未预移植周期临床妊娠率和胚胎种植率 ;按预移植与实际胚胎放置深度差值分组 ,并比较两组妊娠率和胚胎种植率。　结果 :预移植周期与未预移植周期临床妊娠率和种植率统计学差异无显著性(5 9.4 1%和 6 1.5 4 % ,35 .81%和 31.4 3% ,P均 >0 .0 5 ) ;按预移植与实际胚胎放置深度差值分组后 ,两组妊娠率和种植率统计学差异也无显著性 (6 1.5 4 %和 5 8.6 7% ,4 0 .79%和 34.0 9% ,P均 >0 .0 5 )。　结论 :在胚胎移植技术中 ,预移植不能准确指引胚胎移植深度     

Outcome in Children With Significantly Abnormal Cerebral Blood Flow Detected by Doppler Ultrasonography: Focus on the Survivors

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: The Doppler waveform patterns of loss of diastolic flow, appearance of retrograde diastolic flow, or no detectable flow in the cerebral arteries suggest significantly abnormal cerebral blood flow (CBF). A retrospective study was performed to show that significantly abnormal CBF alone, without clinical criteria, is not necessarily specific to brain death in the young pediatric population. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Forty-seven pediatric patients, from newborn to 4 years of age, were found to have significantly abnormal CBF, including 7 patients with loss of diastolic flow, 28 with retrograde diastolic flow, and 23 with no detectable cerebral flow on serial Doppler sonographic examinations. Their clinical data and sonographic results were collected and analyzed. RESULTS: Forty-two patients died, a few of whom had only transient improvement of cerebral flow. All of the patients with no detectable cerebral flow expired. Five patients survived with or without sequelae. Their underlying conditions that caused increased intracranial pressure were treated by medical and/or surgical intervention, and diastolic reversal of CBF corrected within 1 day in all 5. CONCLUSIONS: Although no detectable flow is a lethal sign, pediatric patients with loss or reversal of diastolic flow may survive with prompt and effective treatment. Using Doppler ultrasound to diagnose cerebral circulatory arrest should be done with caution in pediatric patients.     

两种MRI序列对听神经瘤成象的比较与评价

为选择中等场强的ＭＲＩ听神经瘤成像最佳序列。收集手术和病理证实的听神经瘤１３５例，分析序列Ⅰ、Ⅱ对内听道中心层面、三叉神经显示率及ＭＲ征象的显示情况。结果：序列Ｉ择内听道中心层面及三叉神经的显示均优于序列Ⅱ，序列Ⅱ在显示肿瘤内囊变、出血、不肿优于序列Ｉ；对肿瘤钙化、肿瘤血管、脑干移位的观察，两者相仿。结果显示：序列Ｉ在中等场经下作为听神经瘤成像的首选序列，并中运用到小脑角区ＭＲＩ成像。